Novel phosphorus-containing halogen-free ionic liquids: effect of sulfonate anion size on physical properties, biocompatibility, and flame retardancy

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (57) ◽  
pp. 52485-52494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu-Xia He ◽  
Liang Tang ◽  
Teng Fu ◽  
Yue-Quan Shi ◽  
Xiu-Li Wang ◽  
...  

Phosphorus-containing sulfonate ILs with different anions size present different thermal stability, solubility, viscosity, melting points, and cytotoxicity. They show flame retardant effect for PA6 via accelerating decomposition of matrix.

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Yongxiang Li ◽  
Qiushi Li ◽  
Yiliang Wang ◽  
Gong Wang

The flame retardant modification of epoxy (EP) is of great signification for aerospace, automotive, marine, and energy industries. In this study, a series of EP composites containing different variations of phosphorus-containing polysulfone (with a phosphorus content of approximately 1.25 wt %) were obtained. The obtained EP/polysulfone composites had a high glass transition temperature (Tg) and high flame retardancy. The influence of phosphorus-containing compounds (ArPN2, ArPO2, ArOPN2 and ArOPO2) on the thermal properties and flame retardancy of EP/polysulfone composites was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), a UL-94 vertical burning test, and cone calorimeter tests. The phosphorus-containing polysulfone enhanced the thermal stability of EP. The more stable porous char layer, less flammable gases, and a lower apparent activation energy at a high degree of conversion demonstrated the high gas inhibition effect of phosphorus-containing compounds. Moreover, the gas inhibition effect of polysulfone with a P–C bond was more efficient than the polysulfone with a P–O–C bond. The potential for optimizing flame retardancy while maintaining a high Tg is highlighted in this study. The flame-retardant EP/polysulfone composites with high thermal stability broaden the application field of epoxy.


RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (123) ◽  
pp. 101480-101486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Li ◽  
Hongxia Yan ◽  
Shuyao Feng ◽  
Song Niu

A novel reactive phosphorus-containing flame retardant was synthesized and used to modify bismaleimide resin. According to investigations, the modified bismaleimide resin has good mechanical properties, thermal stability and flame retardancy.


2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Da Ming Ban ◽  
Yang Min ◽  
Yong Hang Zhang ◽  
Ou Zhao

Two phosphorus-containing flame retardant (FR) were synthesized and incorporated in the backbone of polyamide 6(PA6) by polymerization. The structure and spectroscopic data of these flame retardant were determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Elemental analysis. Flame-retardancy and thermal property of PA6 modified with CEP, and MMP were examined by LOI and TGA. The LOI value of PA6 shows ascending trend by adding FRs, and it rise from 24 to 31%. TGA data revealed that FR improves thermal stability of PA6. The on-set temperature was added at least 20°C.


2014 ◽  
Vol 911 ◽  
pp. 423-427
Author(s):  
Sai Hua Jiang ◽  
Siu Ming Lo ◽  
Yuan Hu

A novel poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) based copolymer was synthesized by bulk copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and a phosphorus-containing monomer, acryloxyethyl phenoxy phosphorodiethyl amidate (AEPPA). The chemical structure of AEPPA was confirmed by FTIR,1H NMR and31P NMR. The structure of copolymers was characterized using FTIR. TGA results indicate that the thermal stability of copolymers was remarkably enhanced with the addition of APEEA. LOI and MCC results suggest that the flame retardancy of copolymers was also improved. Detailed flame-retardant mechanism is proposed. The char formation during degradation caused by APEEA plays a key role in the property improvements.


Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanyi Liu ◽  
Donghui Wang ◽  
Zekun Li ◽  
Zhifa Li ◽  
Xiaoliang Peng ◽  
...  

With the increasing emphasis on environmental protection, the development of flame retardants for epoxy resin (EP) has tended to be non-toxic, efficient, multifunctional and systematic. Currently reported flame retardants have been capable of providing flame retardancy, heat resistance and thermal stability to EP. However, many aspects still need to be further improved. This paper reviews the development of EPs in halogen-free flame retardants, focusing on phosphorus flame retardants, carbon-based materials, silicon flame retardants, inorganic nanofillers, and metal-containing compounds. These flame retardants can be used on their own or in combination to achieve the desired results. The effects of these flame retardants on the thermal stability and flame retardancy of EPs were discussed. Despite the great progress on flame retardants for EP in recent years, further improvement of EP is needed to obtain numerous eco-friendly high-performance materials.


Cellulose ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 3789-3805
Author(s):  
Ling Sun ◽  
Huixin Wang ◽  
Wennan Li ◽  
Jiaojiao Zhang ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
...  

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (49) ◽  
pp. 30943-30954
Author(s):  
Wei Peng ◽  
Yu-xuan Xu ◽  
Shi-bin Nie ◽  
Wei Yang

Phosphorus-containing flame retardants have received huge interest for improving the flame retardant behavior of epoxy resins (EP) over the past few decades.


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