Halogen bonding for molecular recognition: new developments in materials and biological sciences

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (37) ◽  
pp. 4970-4981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Berger ◽  
Pierre Frangville ◽  
Franck Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Molecular Recognition ◽  
Halogen Bonding ◽  
Short Discussion ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Recent Developments

This review highlights recent developments of halogen bonding in materials and biological sciences with a short discussion on the nature of the interaction.

scholarly journals T regulatory cells in childhood arthritis – novel insights

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne M. Pesenacker ◽  
Lucy R. Wedderburn
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
T Regulatory Cells ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Autoimmune Arthritis ◽  
Regulatory Cells ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Childhood Arthritis ◽  
Recent Developments

In recent years, there have been many new developments in the field of regulatory T cells (Treg), challenging the consensus on their behaviour, classification and role(s) in disease. The role Treg might play in autoimmune disease appears to be more complex than previously thought. Here, we discuss the current knowledge of regulatory T cells through animal and human research and illustrate the recent developments in childhood autoimmune arthritis (juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)). Furthermore, this review summarises our understanding of the fields and assesses current and future implications for Treg in the treatment of JIA.

Cystic Fibrosis: Recent Developments in Diagnosis and Treatment

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 276-286
Author(s):  
Robert C. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Genetic Defect ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Extended Life

Advances in diagnosis and treatment of cystic fibrosis have greatly extended life expectancy and have decreased morbidity. However, further progress requires knowledge of the fundamental genetic defect and how it is related to the pulmonary pathophysiology. Major new developments in both these areas are likely within the next 5 to 10 years.

New Developments and Challenges in Rare Genitourinary Tumors: Non-Urothelial Bladder Cancers and Squamous Cell Cancers of the Penis

2017 ◽  
pp. 330-336
Author(s):  
Jeanny B. Aragon-Ching ◽  
Lance C. Pagliaro
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Effective Care ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Urothelial Bladder ◽  
Genitourinary Cancers

The diagnosis and treatment of rare genitourinary tumors is inherently challenging. The Rare Diseases Act of 2002 initially defined a rare disorder as one that affects fewer than 200,000 Americans. The lack of widely available clinical guidelines, limited research funding, and inaccessible clinical trials often lead to difficulty with treatment decisions to guide practitioners in rendering effective care for patients with rare genitourinary cancers. This article will discuss basic tenets of diagnosis and treatment as well as recent developments and clinical trials in rare non-urothelial bladder cancers and penile squamous cell cancers.

scholarly journals Neutron scattering in the biological sciences: progress and prospects

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 1129-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Ashkar ◽  
Hassina Z. Bilheux ◽  
Heliosa Bordallo ◽  
Robert Briber ◽  
David J. E. Callaway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
National Science Foundation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Deuterium Labeling ◽  
Maximum Information ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
High Performance Computer ◽  
Computer Simulation Models

The scattering of neutrons can be used to provide information on the structure and dynamics of biological systems on multiple length and time scales. Pursuant to a National Science Foundation-funded workshop in February 2018, recent developments in this field are reviewed here, as well as future prospects that can be expected given recent advances in sources, instrumentation and computational power and methods. Crystallography, solution scattering, dynamics, membranes, labeling and imaging are examined. For the extraction of maximum information, the incorporation of judicious specific deuterium labeling, the integration of several types of experiment, and interpretation using high-performance computer simulation models are often found to be particularly powerful.

scholarly journals New Developments in Revealed Preference Theory: Decisions Under Risk, Uncertainty, and Intertemporal Choice

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Echenique
Keyword(s):  
Expected Utility ◽  
Intertemporal Choice ◽  
Revealed Preference ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Preference Theory ◽  
Decisions Under Risk ◽  
Discounted Utility ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Functional Forms ◽  
Revealed Preference Theory

This article reviews recent developments in revealed preference theory. It discusses the testable implications of theories of choice that are germane to specific economic environments. The focus is on expected utility in risky environments, subjected expected utility and maxmin expected utility in the presence of uncertainty, and exponentially discounted utility for intertemporal choice. The testable implications of these theories for data on choice from classical linear budget sets are described and shown to follow a common thread. The theories all imply an inverse relation between prices and quantities, with different qualifications depending on the functional forms in the theory under consideration.

Forty-Five Years of Superplastic Research: Recent Developments and Future Prospects

2016 ◽  
Vol 838-839 ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence G. Langdon
Keyword(s):  
San Diego ◽  
Superplastic Forming ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Geological Materials ◽  
Recent Developments

Although superplasticity has a long history, dating back to the first laboratory-scale observations in 1934, the major new developments in superplasticity have occurred almost exclusively over the last four decades. Furthermore, this corresponds to the period associated with the ICSAM conferences which started with a first conference in San Diego, California, in June 1982 and has continued to ICSAM-2015 in Tokyo, Japan. Major developments over this time include the growth of a vibrant and effective superplastic forming industry and an extension of the concept of metallic superplasticity to include both ceramics and geological materials. This paper examines the significance of these developments and discusses future prospects and new opportunities within the field of superplastic research.

scholarly journals New Developments in DD4hep

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 02037
Author(s):  
Marko Petricˇ ◽  
Markus Frank ◽  
Frank Gaede ◽  
André Sailer
Keyword(s):  
Large Set ◽  
Sensitive Detector ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Main Motivation ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Successful Experiment ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Simple Integration ◽  
Processing Framework

For a successful experiment, it is of utmost importance to provide a consistent detector description. This is also the main motivation behind DD4hep, which addresses detector description in a broad sense including the geometry and the materials used in the device, and additional parameters describing, e.g., the detection techniques, constants required for alignment and calibration, description of the readout structures and conditions data. An integral part of DD4hep is DDG4 which is a powerful tool that converts arbitrary DD4hep detector geometries to Geant4 and provides access to all Geant4 action stages. It is equipped with a comprehensive plugins suite that includes handling of different IO formats; Monte Carlo truth linking and a large set of segmentation and sensitive detector classes, allowing the simulation of a wide variety of detector technologies. In the following, recent developments in DD4hep/DDG4 like the addition of a ROOT based persistency mechanism for the detector description and the development of framework support for DDG4 are highlighted. Through this mechanism an experiment’s data processing framework can interface its essential tools to all DDG4 actions. This allows for simple integration of DD4hep into existing experiment frameworks.

scholarly journals New developments in understanding interfacial processes in turbulent flows

2011 ◽  
Vol 369 (1937) ◽  
pp. 702-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Eames ◽  
J. B. Flor
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Flows ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Interfacial Processes ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Small Volume Fraction ◽  
Entire Flow

Interfaces, across which fluid and flow properties change significantly, are a ubiquitous feature of most turbulent flows and are present within jets, plumes, homogeneous turbulence, oceans and planetary atmospheres. Even when the interfaces occupy a small volume fraction of the entire flow, they largely control processes such as entrainment and dissipation and can act as barriers to transport. This Theme Issue brings together some of the leading recent developments on interfaces in turbulence, drawing in many methodologies, such as experiments, direct number simulations, inverse methods and analytical modelling.

The Science of Life

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donovan O. Schaefer
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
William James ◽  
Natural Theology ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Christian Theology ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Christian Thought

This chapter examines broad transformations in Christian thought that came to pass over the course of the nineteenth century through exposure to new developments in the life sciences. Taking William Paley’s Natural Theology (1802) as a starting point, it shows how a conception of an unchanging God that could be demonstrated through rational proof was affected by the new emphasis on change in the biological sciences, especially in the aftermath of Charles Darwin’s Origin of Species in 1859. Rather than suggesting that these new themes weakened Christian faith, however, a close examination of Christian thought in the latter half of the nineteenth century shows that encounters with science energized Christian theology, philosophy, and practice. This trajectory culminated with the development of the psychology of religion, as exhibited by the American pragmatists William James and Charles S. Peirce. George Eliot’s Middlemarch serves as a guide to the complexity of these transformations.

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