scholarly journals Effect of prolonged cultivation on the micropropagation in vitro of mint cultivars and breeding samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 00049
Author(s):  
Margarita Zagorskaya ◽  
Natalia Yegorova
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Prolonged Cultivation

The influence of the genotype and the number of subcultures on the development of meristem cultures of five mint cultivars and breeding samples – Krasnodarskaya 2, Diana, K37, No. 2.8.14, A2 (Mentha spp.) was studied. At the second stage of micropropagation, the analysis of morphometric parameters of explants during six subcultures of four genotypes showed an increase in the multiplication index at 4-5th passages, while in the sample A2 - at 3-4th passages.

scholarly journals Seed treatment for management of Meloidogyne javanica in soybean

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 2995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriely Alves de Almeida ◽  
Vinicius Hicaro Frederico Abe ◽  
Ricardo Marcelo Gonçalves ◽  
Maria Isabel Balbi-Peña ◽  
Débora Cristina Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Soybean Plants

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the active ingredient abamectin, either in isolation or in combination with fungicides and insecticides formulated for the industrial seed treatment, on the population of Meloidogyne javanica, tested under greenhouse and in vitro conditions. In both tests, the combination of the following treatments was assessed: abamectin; thiamethoxam; fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M + thiabendazole. Water was used as control for the in vitro assay, whereas under greenhouse conditions, controls were inoculated and not inoculated with M. javanica. The tests were conducted in a completely randomized design with six (in vitro) and ten (greenhouse) replicates. For in vitro studies the effect on hatching, motility, and mortality of juveniles of M. javanica was evaluated. Under greenhouse conditions, the soybean ‘BRS 133’ seeds were treated, and at 15, 30, and 60 days after inoculation (DAI) with M. javanica, plant measurements were recorded. The penetration of second stage juveniles (J2) was also evaluated at 15 DAI. At 30 DAI, galls, egg masses, nematodes/g of root, and final population were evaluated. At 60 DAI, the final population of nematodes in the roots was quantified. The treatments containing abamectin were the most effective in diminishing the hatching of juveniles. All treatments had an effect on nematode motility when compared to the control, and in the treatment containing only abamectin, total juvenile mortality was observed. In greenhouse conditions, at 15 DAI, the treated soybean plants had the highest root mass and shoot length, differing statistically from the inoculated control. All treatments reduced the number of nematodes per gram of root, differing from the control. At 30 DAI, treatment efficiency was observed in reducing the final population of M. javanica, particularly the treatments using abamectin, and abamectin + thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M + thiabendazole. However, at 60 DAI, the effect of the treatments on the population of M. javanica did not persist.

LATTICE SIMULATION OF NASCENT PEPTIDE FOLDING

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 2195-2202 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIAFENG ZHUO ◽  
LINSEN ZHANG ◽  
CHANGJUN CHEN ◽  
YI HE ◽  
YI XIAO
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Model ◽  
Peptide Folding ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Lattice Simulation ◽  
Native State ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Nascent Peptide ◽  
Two Stages

The nascent peptide folding in vivo is different from the denatured peptide refolding in vitro and can be divided into two stages. In the first stage, the peptide is folding as it is being synthesized until the whole peptide chain is synthesized. The final conformation formed in this stage is called as nascent state. In the second stage, the protein folds beginning with the nascent state formed in the first stage into the native state. We use a lattice model to simulate these two stages and investigate the folding time of the nascent peptide comparing with that of the denatured peptide refolding. Our results show that the synthesis process may affect the folding time of the nascent peptide. This may be helpful to understand why the former folds faster than the latter.

scholarly journals Ultrafine-Grained Ti-31Mo-Type Composites with HA and Ag, Ta2O5 or CeO2 Addition for Implant Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
Patrycja Sochacka ◽  
Mieczyslawa U. Jurczyk ◽  
Kamil Kowalski ◽  
Przemyslaw K. Wirstlein ◽  
Mieczyslaw Jurczyk
Keyword(s):  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Ultrafine Grained ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
Synthesized Materials

Ultrafine-grained Ti31Mo alloy and Ti31Mo5HA, Ti31Mo5HA-Ag (or Ta2O5, CeO2) composites with a grain size of approximately 2 μm were produced by the application of mechanical alloying and powder metallurgy. Additionally, the surface of the Ti31Mo alloy was modified. In the first stage, the specimens were immersed in 5M NaOH for 24 h at 60 °C. In the second stage, hydroxyapatite (HA) was deposited on the sample surface. The cathodic deposition at −5 V vs. open circuit potential (OCP) in the electrolyte containing 0.25M CaNa2-EDTA (di-calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), 0.25M K2HPO4 in 1M NaOH at 120 °C for 2 h was applied. The bulk Ti31Mo alloy is a single β-type phase. In the alkali-modified surface titanium oxide, Ti3O is formed. After hydrothermal treatment, the surface layer mostly consists of the Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 (81.23%) with about 19% content of CaHPO4·2H2O. Using optical profiler, roughness 2D surface topography parameters were estimated. The in vitro cytocompatibility of synthesized materials was studied. The cell lines of normal human osteoblasts (NHost) and human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPdLF) was conducted in the presence of tested biomaterials. Ultrafine-grained Ti-based composites altered with HA and Ag, Ta2O5 or CeO2 have superior biocompatibility than the microcrystalline Ti metal. NHost and HPdLF cells in the contact with the synthesized biomaterial showed stable proliferation activity. Biocompatibility tests carried out indicate that the ultrafine-grained Ti31Mo5HA composites with Ag, Ta2O5, or CeO2 could be a good candidate for implant applications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of some plant extracts for nemato-toxic potential against juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Gulwaiz Akhter ◽  
◽  
Tabreiz Ahmad Khan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Xanthium Strumarium ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Argemone Mexicana ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Stage Juvenile ◽  
Toxic Potential

Aqueous leaf extracts were utilized to assess the nematicidal or nematostatic property on second stage juvenile of Meloidogyne incognita. The juvenile were incubate at various concentration of leaf extract viz., 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm. Corrected mortality using Abbot’s formula was recorded after 12, 24 and 48 hours respectively. Correlation coefficient (Pearson) was checked to explain the association between percentages mortality of juvenile with extract concentrations. Linear regression was used to denote concentration and rank dependent outcome of four aqueous plant leaves extracts on the second stage juvenile (J2) mortality. All leaf extracts were found to be nematicidal or nematostatic in property. Maximum juvenile mortality rate was recorded in Xanthium strumarium throughout the incubation period as followed by Acalypha indica, Argemone mexicana and Colocasia gigantean. Concentration depended effect of X. strumarium and C. gigantean proved maximum and minimum level when analyzed by values of regression and correlation. Aqueous leaves extracts of these aforementioned weeds give us an idea about nematicidal properties and therefore may be used as biopesticide in future

HEMATOPOETIC STEM CELL RESPONSE TO STIMULATION OF EXTRACTS FROM ANIMAL MATERIALS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Smirnov ◽  
Victor Keino ◽  
Ksenia Goryacheva ◽  
Alexander Shunk ◽  
Alexander Bondarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Hematopoetic Stem Cell ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Stimulation Of

The article presents the results of the research hemostimulating activity of aqueous extracts of antler young Siberean stag and drone larvae homogenate. These substrates were obtained from raw materials of animal origin. Altai Krai andAltaiRepublicare subjects of theRussian Federationwhich is the place of production of the raw material. Experiments were conducted in two stages. The first stage - in vitro, which included a research of experimental substrates on the culture of mouse marrow cells. During the experiments were obtained different results. We counted the number of colonies grown in cell culture for this. The second stage of experimenters - in vivo. It included an assessment of the myeloprotector on model of cytostatic myelosuppression of mice and analysis of bone marrow and peripheral blood.

In vitro studies on the behaviour of second-stage juveniles of Heterodera schachtii (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) in response to host plant root exudates

Parasitology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Grundler ◽  
L. Schnibbe ◽  
U. Wyss
Keyword(s):  
Root Exudates ◽  
Root Exudate ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Aseptic Conditions ◽  
Agarose Layer

The behaviour of Heterodera schachtii second-stage juveniles in response to mustard (Sinapis alba) rooxudates was observed and analysed under aseptic conditions in a standardized bioassay. Aggregation of juveniles on an agarose layer occurred within less than 30 min in the area where root exudates had been applied and persisted for several hours. Analysis of time-lapse video recordings showed that the aggregation did not result from a directed orientation of the juvenile towards the root exudate. This was supported by an orientation assay using single juveniles. Aggregated juveniles showed pre-infection exploratory behaviour, including stylet thrusting and head-end bending, while staying at rest for several minutes.

Ontogenetic development of nutrient transporters in rat intestine

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (5) ◽  
pp. G593-G604 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Toloza ◽  
J. Diamond
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Rat Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Brush Border ◽  
Dry Milk ◽  
Two Peaks

We measured intestinal brush-border uptakes of three sugars and three amino acids, plus intestinal morphometric parameters, in rats from the day of birth until adulthood. Rates of body weight gain had pronounced peaks in the suckling phase and again during weaning, separated by a dip at the onset of weaning. These two peaks coincided with peaks or plateaus in intestinal growth and in glucose (Glc) and proline (Pro) uptake capacities, which may provide the basis for high rates of body growth. Pro uptake declined relative to Glc uptake upon weaning, reflecting decreasing protein needs for growth and decreasing protein intake relative to carbohydrate intake. Fructose (Frc) and lysine uptake increased steeply on weaning, whereas galactose uptake declined relative to that of Glc. Rats prevented from normal weaning by being maintained on dry milk were generally similar to normal rats weaned onto chow. Notably, their Frc uptake still rose steeply on weaning despite low dietary Frc levels, suggesting hard-wired regulation of Frc transporter development. Our in vitro uptakes are similar to modern in vivo values in the same strain of rats. Nutrient uptake capacities exceed normal dietary intakes by only a modest safety margin.

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