Phenolic profile and biological activity of table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)

Table grapes are largely produced and consumed in the Mediterranean area. Furthermore, in the last years, the commercial interest in table grapes and other non-alcoholic grape products has notably increased worldwide. In addition to the nutritional aspects, polyphenol compounds in fresh grapes could exert positive effects on human health. The aim of this study was the characterization of the phenolic pattern of sixteen grape varieties and the evaluation of the associated antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory activity at gastric level. The methods used were: 1) Folin-Cocalteau's assay for the quantification of total polyphenol content; 2) High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) coupled with Diode-Array Detector (DAD) to perform the quantitative analysis of grapes phenolic fraction 3) DPPH (1,1,-diphenil-2-picrylhydrazyl) spectrophotometric assay for the assessment of radical scavenging activity; 4) assessment of IL-8 release from human gastric epithelial cells to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of grape extracts. Some grapes, including seedless varieties, showed that the phenolic pattern was highly correlated with the biological activities, and, in particular, with peel and seeds portion. These results suggest that selected grape varieties could represent, also for consumers who do not drink wine, a source of healthy compounds potentially able to counteract oxidative stress and gastric inflammation.

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Phenolic profile and antioxidant activity of different grape (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20191204005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 04005 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C. Di Lorenzo ◽

F. Colombo ◽

S. Biella ◽

F. Orgiu ◽

G. Frigerio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

High Performance ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Mediterranean Area ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Ionization Mass ◽

Table Grapes ◽

Grape Varieties

In the last years, the interest in non-alcoholic grape products has considerably increased. Table grapes are largely produced in the Mediterranean area and their consumption has raised worldwide. Beside the positive pattern of nutrients, table grapes could provide benefits on human health. Among the health-promoting substances contained in table grapes, flavonoids (mainly anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols and flavonols) seem to be the most interesting. The aim of this study was the characterization of the phenolic pattern of sixteen grape varieties, and the evaluation of the associated antioxidant activity. The methods were: 1) Folin-Cocalteau's assay for the quantification of total polyphenol content; 2) DPPH (1,1,-diphenil-2—picrylhydrazyl) assay and 3) ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) spectrophotometric assays for the assessment of radical scavenging activity; 4) High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method, coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (ESI-MS) and DAD detector was developed in order to obtain the phenolic pattern of grape samples. Data obtained in this study underline that some table grape varieties can show interesting phenolic pattern independently from the presence or not of seeds. This observation suggests that selected varieties of seedless grapes could represent an interesting source of healthy compounds, satisfying consumers' preferences and reducing concerns versus alcoholic beverages.

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The Essential Oil and Hydrolats from Myristica fragrans Seeds with Magnesium Aluminometasilicate as Excipient: Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-inflammatory Activity

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9010037 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 37 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Inga Matulyte ◽

Aiste Jekabsone ◽

Lina Jankauskaite ◽

Paulina Zavistanaviciute ◽

Vytaute Sakiene ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Poly I:C ◽

Bioactive Substances ◽

Myristica Fragrans ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Nutmeg Essential Oil

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) essential oil has antimicrobial, antiseptic, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. We have recently demonstrated that hydrodistillation of nutmeg essential oil by applying magnesium aluminometasilicate as an excipient significantly increases both the content and amount of bioactive substances in the oil and hydrolats. In this study, we aimed to compare the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activity of hydrolats and essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation in the presence and absence of magnesium aluminometasilicate as an excipient. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method revealed that magnesium aluminometasilicate did not significantly improved antioxidant activity of both essential oil and hydrolat. Antibacterial efficiency was evaluated by monitoring growth of 15 bacterial strains treated by a range of dilutions of the essential oil and the hydrolats. Essential oil with an excipient completely inhibited the growth of E. faecalis, S. mutans (referent), and P. multocida, whereas the pure oil was only efficient against the latter strain. Finally, the anti-inflammatory properties of the substances were assessed in a fibroblast cell culture treated with viral dsRNR mimetic Poly I:C. The essential oil with an excipient protected cells against Poly I:C-induced necrosis more efficiently compared to pure essential oil. Also, both the oil and the hydrolats with aluminometasilicate were more efficient in preventing IL-6 release in the presence of Poly I:C. Our results show that the use of magnesium aluminometasilicate as an excipient might change and in some cases improve the biological activities of nutmeg essential oil and hydrolats.

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Probiotic Cell-Free Supernatants Exhibited Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity on Human Gut Epithelial Cells and Macrophages Stimulated with LPS

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/1756308 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Stefania De Marco ◽

Marzia Sichetti ◽

Diana Muradyan ◽

Miranda Piccioni ◽

Giovanna Traina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Human Colon ◽

Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Industrialized Countries ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease is increasing all over the world, especially in industrialized countries. The aim of the present work was to verify the anti-inflammatory activity of metabolites. In particular, cell-free supernatants ofLactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei,Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus reuteri, andSaccharomyces boulardiihave been investigated. Metabolites produced by these probiotics were able to downregulate the expression of PGE-2 and IL-8 in human colon epithelial HT-29 cells. Moreover, probiotic supernatants can differently modulate IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 production by human macrophages, suggesting a peculiar anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, supernatants showed a significant dose-dependent radical scavenging activity. This study suggests one of the mechanisms by which probiotics exert their anti-inflammatory activity affecting directly the intestinal epithelial cells and the underlying macrophages. This study provides a further evidence to support the possible use of probiotic metabolites in preventing and downregulating intestinal inflammation as adjuvant in anti-inflammatory therapy.

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Unravelling the Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Potential of the Marine Sponge Cliona celata from the Portuguese Coastline

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19110632 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (11) ◽

pp. 632

Author(s):

Joana Alves ◽

Helena Gaspar ◽

Joana Silva ◽

Celso Alves ◽

Alice Martins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Marine Sponge ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Raw 264.7 Cells ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Cliona Celata

Inflammation is a double-edged sword, as it can have both protective effects and harmful consequences, which, combined with oxidative stress (OS), can lead to the development of deathly chronic inflammatory conditions. Over the years, research has evidenced the potential of marine sponges as a source of effective anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents. Within this framework, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory potential of the marine sponge Cliona celata. For this purpose, their organic extracts (C1–C5) and fractions were evaluated concerning their radical scavenging activity through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and anti-inflammatory activity through a (lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced inflammation on RAW 264.7 cells) model. Compounds present in the two most active fractions (F5 and F13) of C4 were tentatively identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Even though samples displayed low antioxidant activity, they presented a high anti-inflammatory capacity in the studied cellular inflammatory model when compared to the anti-inflammatory standard, dexamethasone. GC-MS analysis led to the identification of n-hexadecanoic acid, cis-9-hexadecenal, and 13-octadecenal in fraction F5, while two major compounds, octadecanoic acid and cholesterol, were identified in fraction F13. The developed studies demonstrated the high anti-inflammatory activity of the marine sponge C. celata extracts and fractions, highlighting its potential for further therapeutic applications.

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DETERMINATION OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF THREE MARINE ALGAE COLLECTED FROM VISAKHAPATNAM COAST

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i12.20857 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 274 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Satya Lakshmi S

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Marine Algae ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Objective: Determination of biological activities of marine algae collected from the Visakhapatnam coastal region.Methods: Antibacterial activity of algal extracts determined by the well diffusion method, antioxidant activity was determined by reducing power (RP) method and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging method finally anti-inflammatory activity was determined by human red blood cell stabilization method and egg albumin method.Results: Methanolic extracts of three algae have potential inhibition activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Green alga Enteromorpha compressa has better antioxidant activity compared to the Gracilaria arcuata and Ulva fasciata when tested in RP and DPPH method. U. fasciata found good anti-inflammatory activity among the selected three algae.Conclusion: The three tested algae exhibited significant antibacterial and antioxidant activity compared to anti-inflammatory activity. These bioactive compounds containing macroalgae may find their commercial potential in medicine, food, and cosmetic industry

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IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF ALCHORNEA CORDIFOLIA (SCHUMACH AND THONN.) MULL. ARG. AND ANTROCARYON KLAINEANUM PIERRE EXTRACTS

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2020v12i8.38272 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 129-135

Author(s):

ROSETTE CHRISTELLE NDJIB ◽

STEVE VALDI DJOVA ◽

CHRISTELLE WAYOUE KOM ◽

AGBOR GABRIEL AGBOR ◽

AMINA MAMAT ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Concentration Level ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Reducing Activity ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Β Carotene

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities of the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts recipe of Alchornea cordifolia and Antrocaryon klaineanum. A preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out. Methods: The total phenols content was determined by the Folin Ciocalteu reagent method, while the antioxidant activity of both extracts was characterized by the 2-2diphenyl-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) and β-carotene assays. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts was evaluated as the inhibition of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) denaturation and antiproteinase activity. Results: The aqueous extracts of Alchornea cordifolia and Antrocaryon klaineanum contained more polyphenols [270 mg Ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE)/g dry weight (dw)] than the hydroethanolic recipe extract (262.41 mg AAE/g dw) at the same concentration level. On the other hand, the aqueous and hydroethanolic recipe extract had the same radical scavenging activity with the antiradical power of 0.851 and 0.830, respectively. Similarly, the recipe extract had the same reducing activity with reducing the power of 94.2±2.03 mg EAA/g dw and 97.4±4.16 mg EAA/g dw for the aqueous and hydroethanolic recipe extract of Alchornea cordifolia and Antrocaryon klaineanum respectively. For the anti-inflammatory activity it was observed that both extracts possess the same activity as Diclofenac® with an IC50 of 50.21 μg/ml. The phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, phenols and tannins, which may account for their activities. Conclusion: The plant recipe extract studied possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials, which may be beneficiary to its consumers.

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Localized Therapy of Vaginal Infections and Inflammation: Liposomes-In-Hydrogel Delivery System for Polyphenols

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics11020053 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 53 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

May Jøraholmen ◽

Purusotam Basnet ◽

Mia Tostrup ◽

Sabrin Moueffaq ◽

Nataša Škalko-Basnet

Keyword(s):

Delivery System ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

No Production ◽

Vaginal Infections ◽

Chitosan Hydrogel ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Natural polyphenols, such as resveratrol (RES) or epicatechin (EPI), are attractive for treatments of various diseases, including vaginal infections and inflammation, because of their strong anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. However, their low solubility and consequent poor bioavailability limit their therapeutic uses. To overcome these limitations, a vaginal delivery system comprising either RES or EPI liposomes-in-hydrogel was developed. This system permits therapeutic action of both liposomal polyphenol (RES or EPI) and chitosan-based hydrogel. Liposomes of around 200 nm and entrapment efficiency of 81% and 77% for RES and EPI, respectively, were incorporated into chitosan hydrogel, respectively. Medium molecular weight chitosan (2.5%, w/w) was found to have optimal texture properties and mucoadhesiveness in ex vivo conditions. The in vitro release studies confirmed the sustained release of polyphenols from the system. Both liposomal polyphenols and polyphenols-in-liposomes-in-hydrogel exhibited only minor effects on cell toxicity. EPI showed superior radical scavenging activity at lower concentrations compared to antioxidants vitamin C and E. Anti-inflammatory activity expressed as the inhibitory activity of formulations on the NO production in the LPS-induced macrophages (RAW 264.7) confirmed the superiority of EPI liposomes-in-hydrogel. The plain liposomes-in-hydrogel also exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity, suggesting that chitosan hydrogel acts in synergy regarding anti-inflammatory effect of formulation.

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Expression of Bioactive Lunasin Peptide in Transgenic Rice Grains for the Application in Functional Food

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules23092373 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (9) ◽

pp. 2373 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Guixing Ren ◽

Yuqiong Hao ◽

Yingying Zhu ◽

Zhenxing Shi ◽

Gang Zhao

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Transgenic Rice ◽

Functional Food ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Expression System ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Lunasin, a bioactive peptide initially isolated from soybean, has anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. Due its great application value, lunasin seems to be a candidate gene in improving the nutritional value of crops. In this study, lunasin was inserted into the rice genome to evaluate whether it was feasible to express lunasin using the rice expression system and improve the bioactivity of protein in rice for our needs. We generatedlunasin-overexpressing rice lines, and chose three independent transgenic rice lines for further study. The lunasin content in trans-lunasin rice detected by UPLC-MS/MS was 1.01 × 10−3 g·kg−1 dry rice flour with grease removal in the lunasin extracts. The antioxidant efficacy of LET (lunasin-enriched fraction from trans-lunasin rice) and PEW (peptide-enriched fraction from wild type rice) was compared. Due to the presence of lunasin, LET showed higher (p < 0.05) antioxidant activity than PEW. LET exhibited high DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 value, 8 g·L−1), strong ABTS+ radical scavenging activity (IC50 value, 1.18 g·L−1), and great oxygen radical scavenging activity (170 μmol·L−1 Trolox equivalents when the concentration reached 4 g·L−1). Moreover, LET presented significantly higher (p < 0.05) anti-inflammatory activity on macrophage cells, and the NO production and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, MCP1, and TNF-α) were significantly inhibited by LET. However, because of the low purity, LET showed weaker antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity when compared to the Lunasin standard. These results suggested that it is feasible to use the rice expression system to express the exogenous lunasin in rice, and lunasin-overexpressing rice seems to be a candidate resource for application in functional food. Rice rich in lunasin is beneficial for human health, and could be used as a functional food in the diets of cancer and obese patients in the future.

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FORMULATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-ANGIOGENIC ACTIVITIES OF MEMECYLAENE NANOEMULSION

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v8i5-s.1915 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (5-s) ◽

pp. 126-131

Author(s):

ND Rekha ◽

Dattatri K. Nagesha ◽

PH Rajasree ◽

N Shruthi

Keyword(s):

Zeta Potential ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

In Vivo Model ◽

Particle Size Range ◽

Nitric Oxide Radical ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The present study was undertaken to formulate and evaluate the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-angiogenic activities of nanoemulsion of Memecylaene. Memecylaene was isolated from the leaves of Memecylon malabaricum by using various chromatographic methods. An oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsion of Memecylaene was formulated by sonication method using sunflower oil (oil phase), Tween 80 (Surfactant) and Ethanol (co-surfactant). The prepared nanoemulsion was characterized for its droplet size, poly dispersity index and zeta potential. Stability studies were performed and the nanoemulsions were subjected to different biological activities. The formulated nanoemulsion had a particle size range of 52.02 nm to 59.47 nm and zeta potential of -1.27 mV. The enhanced activity of Memecylaene, encapsulated in O/W emulsions is evidenced by the inhibition of phospholipase (PLA2) enzyme and H+, K+ -ATPase and thus showing anti-inflammatory and anti-secretagogues effects. The in vitro anti-oxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical and Nitric oxide radical scavenging activity. Further, the inhibition of the growth of neo vessels formation in the in-vivo model system of chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay, which is angiogenesis dependent, was also observed. The above findings would help in understanding the putative potential of Memecylaene-loaded nanoemulsion as a therapeutic agent. Keywords: Anti-angiogenesis, Anti-oxidant, Gastric (H+ K+), Memecylaene, Nanoemulsion, Phospholipase A2 (PLA2).

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Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activity of bark of Gardenia latifolia

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v9i1.2196 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 141-145

Author(s):

Farheen Ansari ◽

Salaj Khare ◽

B. K. Dubey ◽

Amit Joshi ◽

Amit Jain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽

Radical Method ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Gardenia latifolia (Rubiaceae) is commonly known as Indian boxwood or Ceylon boxwood, is a densely foliaceous small tree that occurs throughout the greater parts of Indian common in deciduous forests along the streams. The stem bark and fruits are reported to be used in the treatment of various ailments such as snake bite, skin diseases, stomach pains, caries in humans and ephemeral fever in live stocks. Many beneficial medicinal products are used to treat various serious diseases and disorders like diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases without side effects. Hence our study focused to investigate the phytochemical analysis, quantification of bioactive compounds, in vitro free radical scavenging activity (DPPH radical method), anti-inflammatory activity (Carrageenan induced hind paw oedema ), in vitro anti-diabetic activity by enzyme inhibition activity of bark of Gardenia latifolia (hydroalcoholic extract) which has boundless medicinal properties. The results of this study showed the evidence that the extracts when tested for their phytochemicals and free radical scavenging activity were found to have considerable antioxidant potential. This plant also exhibit better in vitro enzyme inhibitory activity and anti-inflammatory activity. The results of this study indicate that the hydroalcoholic extract of Gardenia latifolia bark has significant pharmacological properties. Keywords: Gardenia latifolia, Phytochemical analysis, DPPH radical method, Anti-inflammatory activity, Anti-diabetic activity

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