scholarly journals Study of the influence of barley varieties with different resistance to barley net blotch on the change in the structure of the hemibiotrophic pathogen population by morphological and cultural characteristics and virulence

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 00030
Author(s):  
Galina Volkova ◽  
Yana Yakhnik ◽  
Alena Smirnova ◽  
Egor Klychnikov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Selection For ◽  
High Level ◽  
Barley Net Blotch

The study is devoted to the analysis of the correlation of morphological and cultural characteristics and virulence of Pyrenophora teres Drechs. isolates, and various resistance to the pathogen of barley varieties (Versal, Kubagro-1, Romance). The main morphological types of colonies of the fungus isolates obtained from the barley varieties with different resistance were determined. It was found that the higher degree of resistance of the variety, the faster growth rate of colonies, the intensity of sporulation and heterogeneity of the population on the basis of virulence increase. The most common races were detected in the populations of P. teres isolated from different varieties of barley. We found that the selection for the virulence of the pathogen population in Versal variety with a high level of non-specific resistance was carried out with a wider spectrum of diversity.

scholarly journals Virulence of Icelandic Pyrenophora teres f. teres populations and resistance of Icelandic spring barley lines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fluturë Novakazi ◽  
Magnus Göransson ◽  
Tryggvi Sturla Stefánsson ◽  
Marjo Hokka ◽  
Marja Jalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Single Spore ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Principle Coordinate Analysis ◽  
High Level ◽  
Barley Net Blotch

AbstractThe causal agent of the barley net blotch disease, Pyrenophora teres, is known for its high level of diversity due to sexual reproduction. Different pathotypes, defined by a virulence combination, even within the same fields are frequently found and virulence between locations can vary considerably. Evaluation of virulence patterns of a pathogen population is essential for breeding resistant cultivars suitable for specific locations. To identify virulence patterns in Icelandic Pyrenophora teres f. teres (Ptt) isolates, twenty single spore isolates of Ptt were collected from seven locations in Iceland and analysed with AFLP markers. Principle Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) revealed Icelandic Ptt isolates clustering away from reference isolates from Austria, Finland, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, and USA. Hierarchical clustering grouped the Icelandic isolates into three distinct groups. Furthermore, the virulence of these twenty isolates was tested on 16 barley differential lines and revealed high variation in their virulence. Twenty-one barley cultivars commonly used in Iceland showed high susceptibility towards inoculation with Icelandic Ptt isolates.

scholarly journals Profile of the in vitro secretome of the barley net blotch fungus, Pyrenophora teres f. teres

2020 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 101451 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jordi Muria-Gonzalez ◽  
Katherine G. Zulak ◽  
Eef Allegaert ◽  
Richard P. Oliver ◽  
Simon R. Ellwood
Keyword(s):  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Barley Net Blotch

scholarly journals Responses of Barley Cultivars and Lines to Isolates of Pyrenophora teres

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Douiyssi ◽  
D. C. Rasmusson ◽  
A. P. Roelfs
Keyword(s):  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Pathogenic Variability ◽  
High Level

Net blotch, caused by Pyrenophora teres, is among the most damaging foliar diseases of barley worldwide. A knowledge of the reaction of local cultivars, putative resistant lines, and variability in the net blotch pathogen is necessary to develop a successful resistance breeding program. Disease responses of 38 barley lines to 15 P. teres isolates were studied at the seedling and adult plant stages in the glasshouse, and field responses to net blotch were evaluated at three Moroccan locations. No tested barley was resistant to all isolates, and resistance was apparently of the specific type. Pathogenic variability was great, as none of the 15 isolates were identical. For each isolate tested, a specific high level of resistance was found in one or more host lines. Seedling and adults plants often differed in response to the same isolate. Adult plant resistance was commonly observed in response to isolate I-1, and seedling resistance was more common to isolate I-14. Adult plant resistance of nine lines was undetected in seedling evaluations using isolate I-1. The seedling glasshouse and field responses of the barley lines varied considerably, limiting the value of seedling testing for resistance. Field reactions of resistant and moderately resistant were consistent across the three locations for the lines Heartland, Minn 7, CI 2333, and CI 2549. The variability observed in P. teres and failure to find lines with resistance to all isolates suggests that breeding for resistance should emphasize pyramiding of resistance genes.

Genetic studies on net blotch resistance in a barley cross

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Ho ◽  
T.M. Choo ◽  
A. Tekauz ◽  
R.A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Key Words Barley ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Selection For

An investigation was initiated to study the genetics of resistance to three isolates of Pyrenophora teres (WRS102, WRS858, and WRS857), which have been routinely used for screening for net blotch resistance in Canada. The F1, F2, and doubled-haploid lines were derived from a Leger/CI9831 cross of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). These materials, along with their parents, were inoculated with each of the three isolates at the three-leaf stage in growth chambers. Results showed that resistance to WRS102 was controlled by three recessive genes, resistance to WRS858 by one recessive gene, and resistance to WRS857 by either one dominant gene or two complementary genes. One of the WRS102-resistance genes appeared to be on chromosome 2 and another linked to the WRS858-resistance gene. Resistance to these three isolates was not associated with awn type, esterase 1, and esterase 5. Selection for resistance to WRS102 and WRS858 would be more effective than selection for resistance to WRS857 in a conventional breeding program. Key words: Barley, Hordeum vulgare, net blotch, Pyrenophora teres, haploids

Effects of incorporating straw, using different cultivation systems, and of burning it, on diseases of winter barley

1995 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Jenkyn ◽  
R. J. Gutteridge ◽  
A. D. Todd
Keyword(s):  
Winter Barley ◽  
Rhynchosporium Secalis ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Pseudocercosporella Herpotrichoides ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Consistent Effect ◽  
Barley Net Blotch ◽  
Take All

SUMMARYAn experiment at Rothamsted in 1985–89 and another at Whaddon in 1986 studied the effects of incorporating straw on diseases of winter barley. Net blotch (Pyrenophora teres) and leaf blotch (Rhynchosporium secalis) were initially less severe where straw was burnt or incorporated by ploughing than where cultivations only partially buried it. However, by summer both diseases were usually more severe where straw had been burnt than where it had been incorporated. At Whaddon, eyespot (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides) tended to be less severe in tine-cultivated plots where straw was incorporated than where it was burnt, but at Rothamsted, where the straw treatments were confounded with cultivations, there was no consistent effect. The disease was usually more severe where straw was incorporated by ploughing than where it was incorporated using other methods. In contrast, the severity of take-all was generally decreased by ploughing. Seedlings usually grew better where straw had been burnt rather than incorporated and grain yields were often larger. However, yields at Rothamsted in 1987 were unusually, and inexplicably, smaller after burning the straw so that the 5-year mean yields showed no significant differences between treatments.

scholarly journals Two-environment selection with inbreeding in Schizophyllum commune

1973 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Connolly ◽  
G. Simchen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Selection Differential ◽  
Temperature Environment ◽  
Stability Of Development ◽  
Parental Isolate ◽  
Selection For ◽  
High Selection ◽  
High Level

SUMMARYIn two-way selection for growth rate in the fungus Schizophyllum commune in two environments (20 °C and 30 °C) response for low growth rate was always greater than for high. This asymmetry was due to inbreeding depression combined with a greater selection differential associated with the low lines in the high temperature environment. Despite the high level of inbreeding applied, two low selection lines derived from the same source (parental isolate 2) showed no decrease in genetic variance during selection. This maintenance of genetic variance was associated with a decrease in stability of development relative to the corresponding high selection lines.

scholarly journals Proteinaceous Metabolites from Pyrenophora teres Contribute to Symptom Development of Barley Net Blotch

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 907-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Sarpeleh ◽  
Hugh Wallwork ◽  
David E. A. Catcheside ◽  
Max E. Tate ◽  
Amanda J. Able
Keyword(s):  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Symptom Development ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Compounds ◽  
Necrotic Spots ◽  
Barley Net Blotch

Pyrenophora teres, the causal agent of net blotch of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), induces a combination of necrosis and extensive chlorosis in susceptible barley cultivars. Cell-free filtrates from both net and spot forms of P. teres; P. teres f. sp. teres, and P. teres f. sp. maculata were found to contain phytotoxic low molecular weight compounds (LMWCs) and proteinaceous metabolites which appear to be responsible for different components of the symptoms induced by the two forms of the pathogen in a susceptible cultivar of barley (cv. Sloop). Proteins induced only brown necrotic spots or lesions similar to those induced by the pathogens 72 h after inoculation. In contrast, LMWCs induced general chlorosis seen 240 h after inoculation but not the localized necrosis. Neither hydrolyzed or heat- or protease-treated proteinaceous metabolites induced the symptoms. This is the first report of the involvement of proteins produced by P. teres in symptom development during net blotch disease of barley.

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