scholarly journals Calculation of a packed column for absorption of hydrogen sulfur from gases formed by separation of crude oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 00070
Author(s):  
A.B. Golovanchikov ◽  
V.I. Churikova ◽  
O.A. Zalipaeva
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Flow Structure ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Absorption Column ◽  
Ideal Displacement ◽  
Displacement Mode ◽  
Ideal Mixing

According to the well-known calculating algorithm for the packed absorption column, the main technological parameters and geometric dimensions of the apparatus for hydrogen sulfide containing gases, formed during the separation of crude oil, are determined. A 2,5-n solution of monoethanolamine is selected as the absorbent. Comparative results of the calculations are showing, that the working pressure in the column should be 4 atm, since with their lower values, the flow rate of the absorbent and the size of the column are increasing. The increase in working pressure is impractical, since it will require a transition from centrifugal and compresses pumps to piston pumps. ∏ The obtained parameters were compared for an absorption column in which the flow structure of the gas and liquid phases corresponds to ideal displacement, with the calculation results when the flow structure in the gas phase corresponds to the ideal displacement mode (as in the standard calculation algorithm) and in the liquid phase to ideal mixing. It is shown that, with the Peclet number of longitudinal diffusion pe<40 the height and volume of the column increases by 10 and more percent and should be taken into account when packed columns, intended for absorption processes, are designed. At pe=30 the height and volume of the nozzle in the column increases by 27%. Another feature of the modelling and calculation of devices is a spike in concentration, meaning, that the lower part of the working line will cross the equilibrium. Calculations in thisparticular case show that at ≈ 11 the working line crosses the equilibrium and theoretically column height and volume →∞.

Mass Transfer Enhancement for CO2 Absorption in Structured Packed Absorption Column

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 820-820
Author(s):  
Pongayi Ponnusamy Selvi and Rajoo Baskar Pongayi Ponnusamy Selvi and Rajoo Baskar
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Co2 Absorption ◽  
Absorption Column

The acidic gas, Carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption in aqueous ammonia solvent was carried as an example for industrial gaseous treatment. The packed column was provided with a novel structured BX-DX packing material. The overall mass transfer coefficient was calculated from the absorption efficiency of the various runs. Due to the high solubility of CO2, mass transfer was shown to be mainly controlled by gas side transfer rates. The effects of different operating parameters on KGav including CO2 partial pressure, total gas flow rates, volume flow rate of aqueous ammonia solution, aqueous ammonia concentration, and reaction temperature were investigated. For a particular system and operating conditions structured packing provides higher mass transfer coefficient than that of commercial random packing.

Study on the Gas Distribution Characters of the Outsize CO2 Absorber of the Flue Gas in the Coal-Fired Power Plant

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 1476-1479
Author(s):  
Bing Cheng Liu ◽  
Wen Feng Dong ◽  
De Biao Zhou ◽  
Qian Liang ◽  
Qing Ling Li
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Annular Flow ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Co2 Absorption ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Absorption Column ◽  
Gas Distributor ◽  
Column Wall ◽  
Fluent Software

In the article the flow field in the twin-tangential annular flow gas distributor was simulated based on the standard k-ε turbulent model with FLUENT software according to various distance L between sleeve and column wall and differing numbers of baffles, after comprehensively analyzing, got the best technological parameters with misdistribution factor and pressure drop. Based on the analysis of the flow field discipline of the twin-tangential annular flow gas distributor and the two-line vane gas distributor, and the systematic comparison of the performance of these two kinds of gas distributors in the flue gas CO2 absorption column, the research will provide the important theoretical foundation for the choosing and designing of the distributor of the flue gas CO2 absorber.

scholarly journals Development of energy-efficient method for processing industrial waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (311) ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
B. I. Dikhanbayev ◽  
◽  
A.B. Dikhanbayev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rotary Kiln ◽  
Ferrous Metal ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Phase Layer ◽  
Industrial Sample ◽  
Ideal Displacement ◽  
Ideal Mixing ◽  
Waelz Kiln ◽  
New Generation

An energy-saving method for processing technogenic waste has been developed — a smelt layer with inversion phase as a combination of “ideal” mixing and “ideal” displacement regimes. On its basis, a new generation of melting unit was created - the “reactor inversion phase - rotary kiln”. Experimental data show that in the inversion phase layer the specific fuel consumption for processing the “poor” on zinc and “rich” on zinc slags is approximately the same. The latter provision contradicts the prevailing opinion of metallurgists that the processing of slag with a zinc concentration of less than 5% is unprofitable. Сalculation results demonstrate that in case of implementation of an industrial sample of “reactor inversion phase - rotary kiln for processing “poor” slag, compared to the Waelz kiln processing “rich” slag, the specific consumption of fuel will be reduced by 1.5-1.7 times and specific productivity will increase 1.4-1.5 times. The industrial realization of “reactor inversion phase -rotary kiln” would allow cost-effective processing of fuming slag dumps, Waelz clinker, “poor” zinc ores, enrichment tails and other non-ferrous metal wastes.

scholarly journals Electro-Absorbers: A Comparison on Their Performance with Jet-Absorbers and Absorption Columns

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 653
Author(s):  
Monserrat Castañeda-Juárez ◽  
Martín Muñoz-Morales ◽  
Fernanda Lourdes Souza ◽  
Cristina Sáez ◽  
Pablo Cañizares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Trichloroacetic Acid ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Applied Current ◽  
Absorption Column ◽  
Applied Current Density ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Surface Jet ◽  
By Products

This work focuses on the removal of perchloroethylene (PCE) from gaseous streams using absorbers connected with electrolyzers. Two types of absorption devices (jet absorber and absorption column) were compared. In addition, it has been evaluated the different by-products generated when a simultaneous electrolysis with diamond anodes is carried out. PCE was not mineralized, but it was transformed into phosgene that mainly derivates into carbon tetrachloride. Trichloroacetic acid was also formed, but in much lower amounts. Results showed a more efficient absorption of PCE in the packed column, which it is associated to the higher gas–liquid contact surface. Jet absorber seems to favor the production of carbon tetrachloride in gaseous phase, whereas the packed column promotes a higher concentration of trichloroacetic acid in liquid. It was also evaluated the scale up of the electrolytic stage of these electro-absorption devices by using a stack with five perforated electrode packages instead of a single cell. Clarification of the effect of the applied current density on the speciation attained after the electrolysis of the absorbent has been attempted. Experiments reveal similar results in terms of PCE removal and a reduced generation of gaseous intermediates at lower current densities.

Influence of Process Parameters on the Properties of TiO2 Films Deposited by a D.C. Magnetron Sputtering System on Glass Support

2015 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 86-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Lucian Toma ◽  
Costica Bejinariu ◽  
Eva Lucian ◽  
Ioan Gabriel Sandu ◽  
Bogdan Florin Toma
Keyword(s):  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Average Roughness ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Deposited Films ◽  
Sputtering System

In this paper it has been deposited films of titanium oxide (TiO2), on a support of glass, by a D.C. magnetron sputtering system, by varying the working pressure (p = 2∙10-3 - 6.5∙10-3mbar) of the substrate temperature on three levels. The obtained layers were investigated and characterized by optical microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy SEM, X-ray diffraction and Atomic Force Microscopy. It was observed that, by modifying technological parameters of the process (working pressure and substrate temperature) it is changing the initial orientation of the compounds ((100) turns into (101) or (002)). The AFM analysis has allowed the observation of the fact that the average roughness of deposited films, expressed as RMS, has increased over 98% at the increasing of sputtering pressure from 2 10-3mbar to 6.5 10-3mbar. SEM analysis showed that the density of the deposit increases with substrate temperature. The granulation of the films obtained, presents an increasing trend with the variation of process parameters.

scholarly journals Absorber Sizing and Costing Required to Control SO2 Emission from A Combustion System

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
N. Harry-Ngei ◽  
A. A. Ujile ◽  
P. N. Ede
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Packing Material ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
So2 Emission ◽  
Column Wall ◽  
The Cost

This work was predicated on the design and costing of a packed column absorber required to remove SO2 from an air/SO2 mixture. The absorber is intended to be developed into an already existing combustion system as a retrofit. The gas flow rate basis of the computation was 40,000Kg/h. The Onda Method was used to estimate the column height as 9m and the column diameter as 2.5m while the column wall thickness as well as the domed head thickness was found to be 9mm using the BS 5500 Standard Method. In order to limit expenses, H2O was utilized as the absorber solvent and a flow rate of 29.5Kg/s to limit solvent usage. A pressure drop of 20mmH2O/m was assumed in the design with metal pall rings of diameter 51mm and surface area of 102m2/m3 chosen as the packing material. The study estimated a profound $306,559.87 as the cost of the absorber required to remove 95% SO2 content from the combustion waste stream. 

scholarly journals A novel approach for calculating packed column height based on new correlation of mass transfer coefficient

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Ahmad Rahbar-Kelishami ◽  
Hossein Bahmanyar ◽  
Zahra Hajamini
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Packed Columns ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
New Correlation ◽  
Novel Approach

Abstract The calculation of column’s height plays an important role in packed columns precise design. This research is based on experimentally measurement of mass transfer coefficients in different heights of packed column to predict its height. The objective of presented work is to introduce a novel conceptual method to predict column height via new correlation for mass transfer coefficient. As the mass transfer coefficient is decreased with increase of column height, the HTU’s are not constant figures along the column so this new approach is called increasing HTU’s. The results of the proposed idea were compared with other correlations and the conventional method i.e. constant HTU’s. Since the results are in very good agreement with experimental data comparing to conventional method, it seems this approach can be a turning point in design of all differential columns like packed columns. Making use of this method is suggested for design of differential columns.

Modeling of Wastewater Treatment Process in a Flotation Setup with Ejection Aeration System Having a Disperser

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Антонова ◽  
E. Antonova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Water Density ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Flotation Process ◽  
Ideal Displacement ◽  
Ideal Mixing ◽  
Aeration System ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Suspended Substances ◽  
Hydrodynamic Situation

The mathematical modeling of flotation process has been considered in this paper. It has been pointed out that in the event when there are different types of pollutants in water the generation of bubbles with wide size-consist is needed. A flotation setup with ejection aeration system having a disperser that allows generate the bubbles which size-consist is characterized by several sets with their own values of average diameters is considered. The mathematical model for flotation process description taking into account the division of bubbles into several groups in sizes and hydrodynamic situation in flotation chambers has been proposed. Based on proposed model have been obtained other models describing extraction of certain waste, considering their properties, in such a case the initial model has been complemented by stages of other processes: settlement stage during flotation of suspended substances with density higher than water density, self-floating stage during flotation of contaminations with density less than water density, and reverse stages during flotation of hydrophobic-hydrophilic contaminations. The example of time definition for the process of water treatment from suspended substances and oil products has been presented. It has been demonstrated that it is possible to considerate the two-chamber flotation setup with ejection aeration system having a disperser as a sequence of reactors providing ideal mixing and displacement. Taking into account the equations for the reactors providing ideal mixing and ideal displacement, and the proposed models for description of process passing in cameras, have been received dependences for determination of concentrations and cleaning time in each camera. The importance of mathematical modeling for flotation setups designing has been pointed out. Application of scientifically based approach at design allows create setups having bigger profitability and compactness at achievement of the required efficiency.

Flow structure and pressure gradient of extra heavy crude oil solution CO2

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuling Lü ◽  
Jianwei Han ◽  
Limin He ◽  
Xiaoming Luo ◽  
Shujiong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Flow Structure ◽  
Heavy Crude Oil ◽  
Heavy Crude

IMPROVEMENT OF BIOGAS UPGRADING PROCESS USING CHEMICAL ABSORPTION AT AMBIENT CONDITIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad R. H. Abdeen ◽  
Maizirwan Mel ◽  
Mohammed Saedi Jami ◽  
Sany Izan Ihsan ◽  
Ahmad Faris Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Packed Column ◽  
Flow Ratio ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Chemical Absorption ◽  
Biogas Upgrading ◽  
Absorption Column ◽  
Column Apparatus ◽  
Gas Flow Ratio

Biogas major components are methane, carbon dioxide and traces of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and nitrogen. Biogas upgrading process is the process by which carbon dioxide (composing 40 % of the biogas) is removed. In this study chemical absorption process using three different solvents (10 – 30 % monoethanolamine, 4 – 12 % sodium hydroxide and 5 – 15 % aqueous ammonia) was performed to produce methane-enriched biogas. A laboratory-scale packed-column apparatus containing efficient and cheap packing material (plastic bioball) was used to perform the experimental work in this study. Initial absorption runs were performed to select the best solvent type and concentration. Monoethanolamine (MEA) was proven to have the highest ability in producing upgraded biogas using a single absorption column apparatus at ambient conditions. The liquid to gas flow ratio was investigated using 30 % MEA solution. Optimum liquid to gas flow ratio for biogas upgrading process was determined to be about 18 (on mass basis). Biogas with methane content up to 96.1 v/v% was produced with CO2 loading capacity up to 0.24 mole-CO2 per mole-MEA.

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