Histo-epidemiological aspect of Helicobacter pylori chronic gastritis in a Moroccan population

Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) is the best example of the implication of chronical infection in carcinogenesis. The World Health Organization recognized it as a class I carcinogen since it triggers the progression of premalignant gastric lesions. The aim of this study is to define the prevalence of H. Pylori infection, related risk factors, and explore the histological features of the chronic gastritis. This is a retrospective study of 248 gastric specimens, examinated and evaluated according Sydney to system. The prevalence of H. Pylori is 67 %, chronic gastritis is observed in all the biopsies (100%). Age and gender were not a risk factors for the H. Pylori infection. Prevalence of H. Pylori was 71.93% in low socio-economic class. The severity of the chronic gastritis increases if the colonization of H. Pylori increases. In 74, 58% of cases chronic gastritis was active. Glandular atrophy presented 10.37% and in 80% was related to H. Pylori infection (p=0,004) and 12 % related to autoimmune diseases. The prevalence of Intestinal metaplasia is 10.53%, and H. Pylori was observed in 42.31% of cases (p=0.001). The dysplasia is detected in one case, in a 72 years old patient. We also observed one case of gastric adenocarcinoma, of an 80 years. Follicular gastritis are in 32% of cases, and they were more frequent in H. Pylori infected slides (82% of subjects) (p< 0.005).According to this study, H. Pylori Chronic Gastritis is very common in our population, and a coherent relationship exists between H. Pylori colonization and pre-cancerous lesions. An early eradicating should be considered as a health goal.

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Prediction of Epitopes in the Proteome of Helicobacter pylori

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v10n7p148 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 148 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elkin Navarro-Quiroz ◽

Roberto Navarro-Quiroz ◽

Pierine España-Puccini ◽

José Luis Villarreal ◽

Anderson Díaz Perez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

World Health ◽

Phase Variable ◽

Human Pathogens ◽

Web Tool ◽

Group I ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Risk Of Disease ◽

H Pylori ◽

Health Organization

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a group I carcinogen and is one of the most efficient human pathogens with over half of the world's population colonized by this gram-negative spiral bacterium. H. pylori can cause a chronic infection in the stomach during early childhood that persists throughout life due to diverse mechanisms of immune response evasion. H. pylori has several factors strongly associated with increased risk of disease such as toxins, adhesins, and chemoattractants, some of which are highly polymorphic, phase variable, and have different functions. Conventional treatments involve the use of antibiotics. However, treatment frequently fails due to the resistance H. pylori has progressively developed to antibiotics. This creates the need for different treatments made possible by identifying new therapeutic targets in the pathogen’s genome.The purpose of this study was an in silico prediction of T- and B- epitopes in H. pylori proteins. Twenty-two external membrane proteins from H. pylori Strain 26695 (accession number NC_000915) were identified using the web tool Vaxign (http://www.violinet.org/vaxign/). A total of one-hundred epitopes (60 class I epitopes and 40 class II epitopes) that could be used to develop novel non-antibiotics drugs for an H. pylori infection were predicted.

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Helicobacter pylori and Helicobacter heilmannii in untreated Bulgarian children over a period of 10 years

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.47181-0 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 56 (8) ◽

pp. 1081-1085 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Lyudmila Boyanova ◽

Elena Lazarova ◽

Christo Jelev ◽

Galina Gergova ◽

Ivan Mitov

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Chronic Gastritis ◽

Living Environment ◽

Rural Children ◽

Rapid Urease Test ◽

Infection Prevalence ◽

Helicobacter Heilmannii ◽

Urease Test ◽

H Pylori ◽

The Impact

The aims of the study were to evaluate the incidence of Helicobacter pylori and Helicobacter heilmannii in untreated Bulgarian children from 1996 to 2006, to analyse the performance of diagnostic tests, and to look at H. pylori density in specimens by culture. Antral specimens from children with chronic gastritis (n=513), peptic ulcers (n=54) and other diseases (n=91) were evaluated by direct Gram staining (DGS), in-house rapid urease test (RUT) and culture. The living environment and semi-quantitative H. pylori density were assessed in 188 and 328 children, respectively. H. pylori infection was found in children with ulcers (77.8 %), chronic gastritis (64.5 %) and other diseases (36.3 %). Half (51.4 %) of patients aged 1–5 years and 77.4 % of those aged 16–17 years were H. pylori-positive. Of all children, 328 (49.8 %) showed positive DGS, 184 (28 %) had a positive RUT, and 386 (58.7 %) were culture-positive. Unlike gastric mucus specimens, frozen biopsy specimens provided reliable diagnosis. H. heilmannii was observed in two (0.3 %) children. High H. pylori density (growth into all quadrants of plates) was found in 18 % of 328 children evaluated, involving 31 % of ulcer and 16.7 % of non-ulcer patients. H. pylori infection was more common in rural children with chronic gastritis (91.3 %) than in the remainder (66.7 %). In conclusion, H. pylori infection was common in symptomatic Bulgarian children. The infection prevalence was >77 % in patients aged 16–17 years, in children with a duodenal ulcer, and in rural patients. H. heilmannii infection was uncommon. The performance of the bacterial culture was good. The impact of H. pylori density on the clinical expression and eradication of the infection requires further evaluation. The results highlight the need for routine H. pylori diagnosis in rural children with chronic gastritis.

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The Relationship between External and Internal Risk Factors with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Children Aged 0-59 Months in Slums in Indonesia, 2013

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v12n11p116 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 116

Author(s):

Made Agus Nurjana ◽

Gunawan Gunawan ◽

Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini ◽

Olwin Nainggolan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

World Health ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

The Status ◽

And Gender ◽

One Year ◽

Health Organization

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (Tb) remains a health problem throughout the world. World Health Organization (WHO) has set it as a “Global Emergency” disease. The difficulty of confirming the diagnosis of it in children, different from it in adults, causes the treatment of it in children often neglected. This problem is exacerbated by the supporting environmental conditions, namely living in slums, which makes the risk of transmission even higher. OBJECTIVE: To identify internal and external factors related to Tb in children aged 0-59 months living in slums in Indonesia. MATERIAL & METHOD: The data source used was the 2013 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) using a sample of children less than five years old who lived in slums in 34 provinces in Indonesia. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis found three risk factors, namely BCG immunization status (age-based), at-risk home environment, and gender (residential area-based). Vaccinated children under one year of age have the best probability of not suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis. Those who live in a house inhabited by less than five people, or in that occupied by more than four with no one of which smokes or does not suffer from pulmonary tuberculosis has a probability of not being exposed to it. Likewise, women who live in rural areas have almost two times less probability of suffering from it, compared to men in urban areas. CONCLUSION: Factors contributing to the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in infants in slums are the status of BCG immunization, air cleanliness in the neighborhood, which can be seen from the differences of risks in rural and urban, and the number of inhabitants per house and their behavior.

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Helicobacter pylori in Human Stomach: The Inconsistencies in Clinical Outcomes and the Probable Causes

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.713955 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Sneha Mary Alexander ◽

Radhakrishnan Jayalakshmi Retnakumar ◽

Deepak Chouhan ◽

Thillai Natarajan Barani Devi ◽

Sanjai Dharmaseelan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Cumulative Effect ◽

World Health ◽

International Agency ◽

Dietary Habit ◽

Gastric Diseases ◽

Virulence Proteins ◽

H Pylori ◽

Health Organization

Pathogenic potentials of the gastric pathogen, Helicobacter pylori, have been proposed, evaluated, and confirmed by many laboratories for nearly 4 decades since its serendipitous discovery in 1983 by Barry James Marshall and John Robin Warren. Helicobacter pylori is the first bacterium to be categorized as a definite carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization (WHO). Half of the world’s population carries H. pylori, which may be responsible for severe gastric diseases like peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. These two gastric diseases take more than a million lives every year. However, the role of H. pylori as sole pathogen in gastric diseases is heavily debated and remained controversial. It is still not convincingly understood, why most (80–90%) H. pylori infected individuals remain asymptomatic, while some (10–20%) develop such severe gastric diseases. Moreover, several reports indicated that colonization of H. pylori has positive and negative associations with several other gastrointestinal (GI) and non-GI diseases. In this review, we have discussed the state of the art knowledge on “H. pylori factors” and several “other factors,” which have been claimed to have links with severe gastric and duodenal diseases. We conclude that H. pylori infection alone does not satisfy the “necessary and sufficient” condition for developing aggressive clinical outcomes. Rather, the cumulative effect of a number of factors like the virulence proteins of H. pylori, local geography and climate, genetic background and immunity of the host, gastric and intestinal microbiota, and dietary habit and history of medicine usage together determine whether the H. pylori infected person will remain asymptomatic or will develop one of the severe gastric diseases.

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Clinical Strains of Helicobacter pylori With Strong Cell Invasiveness and the Protective Effect of Patchouli Alcohol by Improving miR-30b/C Mediated Xenophagy

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2021.666903 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yifei Xu ◽

Qiuhua Deng ◽

Yuanzun Zhong ◽

Li Jing ◽

Haiwen Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

World Health ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Patchouli Alcohol ◽

Class 1 ◽

Transcription Factor Eb ◽

Cell Invasiveness ◽

H Pylori ◽

Health Organization ◽

Drug Resistant Strains

Helicobacter pylori was classified by the World Health Organization as a class 1 carcinogen. The development of drug-resistant strains of this pathogen poses a serious threat to human health worldwide. The cell invasion of H. pylori activates xenophagy in gastric epithelial cells by mediating miR-30b/c, and the emergence of autophagosomes provides a niche that enables the survival of intracellular H. pylori and promotes its drug resistance. This study revealed that some clinical drug-resistant H. pylori strains present much stronger invasive ability than standard strains. Patchouli alcohol (PA), a tricyclic sesquiterpene from Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth (Labiatae), showed reliable activity against intracellular H. pylori. The mechanisms appeared to involve the downregulation of miR-30c-3p/5p and miR-30b-5p, thereby upregulating xenophagy-related gene expression (ULK1, ATG5, ATG12, and ATG14) and enhancing xenophagy. PA also inhibited the nuclear transfection of miR-30b-5p induced by H. pylori, thereby enhancing transcription factor EB function and increasing lysosome activity. The finding of strongly invasive intracellular H. pylori has great implications for clinical treatment, and PA can act against invasive H. pylori based on the improvement of miR-30b/c mediated xenophagy. Taken together, the results demonstrate that PA have potential use as a candidate medication for intracellular drug-resistant H. pylori.

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Fighting the Antibiotic Crisis: Flavonoids as Promising Antibacterial Drugs Against Helicobacter pylori Infection

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fcimb.2021.709749 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Andrés González ◽

Javier Casado ◽

Ángel Lanas

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

World Health ◽

First Line ◽

Drug Candidates ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

New Antibiotics ◽

H Pylori ◽

Health Organization

Over half of the world’s population is estimated to be infected with Helicobacter pylori. Chronic infection with this microbial class I carcinogen is considered the most important risk factor for developing gastric cancer. The increasing antimicrobial resistance to first-line antibiotics mainly causes the failure of current eradication therapies, inducing refractory infections. The alarming increase in multidrug resistance in H. pylori isolates worldwide is already beginning to limit the efficacy of existing treatments. Consequently, the World Health Organization (WHO) has included H. pylori in its list of “priority pathogens” for which new antibiotics are urgently needed. Novel strategies must be followed to fight this antibiotic crisis, including properly exploiting the proven therapeutic potential of medicinal plants and plant-derived phytochemicals. In this mini-review, we overview the impressive properties of naturally occurring flavonoids as effective antimicrobial agents against H. pylori, which support the use of these plant-derived bioactive compounds as promising drug candidates for inclusion in novel and personalized combinatory therapies against H. pylori infection.

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An Ecological Study on the Risk of Gastric Cancer With Helicobacter Pylori Prevalence and Other Potential Cofactors in Korea

Journal of Global Oncology ◽

10.1200/jgo.18.66500 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽

pp. 14s-14s

Author(s):

J. Park ◽

E. Park ◽

S. Lim ◽

M.K. Lim

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Gastric Cancer ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Regional Differences ◽

Family Members ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Infection Prevalence ◽

High Prevalence ◽

H Pylori

Background: Korea has a high incidence of gastric cancer and a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection. Observation of prevalence trends and determination of risk factors for gastric cancer are important to establish health policies to prevent and reduce the burden of disease. Currently, there is no evidence of complete correlation between prevalence of H. pylori infection and the occurrence of gastric cancer. Several explanations have been proposed for the paradox of high prevalence of infection and low gastric cancer incidence in certain places, including diet and salt consumption, genetic susceptibility, other infections, aflatoxin-contaminated food, and the interaction of all these factors, but none of them has been clearly established. Aim: To explore the potential effects of prevalence of H. pylori infection and other risk factors on gastric cancer incidence in Korea. Methods: Information on gastric cancer incidence, prevalence of H. pylori infection, and the risk factors for gastric cancer were evaluated from nationally representative data - the Korean National Cancer Registry, nationwide routine health check-up surveillance system, and National Health and Nutrition Survey, respectively. Secular trends of H. pylori infection prevalence and age-standardized incidence rates for gastric cancer by region were examined. Furthermore, trends of income level, education level, marital status, number of family members, smoking status, drinking status, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and age-standardized incidence rates for gastric cancer by region were examined. Results: Gastric cancer incidence showed a decreasing trend from 2011 to 2015; 50.6%–44.4% for men and 22.1%–17.0% for women. The prevalence of H. pylori infection also showed a decreasing trend; from 66.9% in 1998%–54.4% in 2011. In Korea, areas with high prevalence of H. pylori infection also showed high gastric cancer incidence. However, the Chungcheong area showed relatively low prevalence of H. pylori infection, but had the highest gastric cancer incidence in Korea. Other factors which showed similar effects on gastric cancer incidence, like H. pylori infection were large family size (4 or more family members), low income, low education, and obesity. The effect of introduction of 'National Cancer Screening Program' will be evaluated in the final outcome. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that significant regional differences exist between trends in H. pylori infection prevalence and gastric cancer incidence in Korea. Also, the possibility of lack of association between H. pylori prevalence and the incidence of gastric cancer are suggested. Overall, this study suggests the need for further research to explore potential factors accounting for regional differences in gastric cancer incidence in Korea.

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Study of the efficacy of Pathadi Ghanavati with Lajamanda in the management of Aamatisara

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) ◽

10.21760/jaims.4.3.2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (03) ◽

Author(s):

Madhura Jadhav ◽

P. D. Londhe

Keyword(s):

Acute Diarrhoea ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

World Health ◽

Important Public Health Problem ◽

Loose Motion ◽

Economic Class ◽

Watery Stool ◽

Health Organization ◽

Effective Remedy ◽

Trial Drug

Acute Diarrhoea is an important public health problem worldwide. The World Health Organization estimates that there are more than 1000 million cases of Acute Diarrhoea. Loose motion less than 2 weeks that labelled as Acute Diarrhoea. Diarrhoea is described in Ayurvedic classics with the name of ‘Atisara’. It means passing of excessive flow of watery stool through anus. Most important factor in the pathogenesis of Aamatisara is Mandagni. In present study 50 patients of Aamatisara were selected from OPD and IPD of Kayachikitsa department. For the clinical study Pathadi Ghanavati and Lajamanda was selected as the trial drug which was given for the duration of 7 days in the dose of 1gm twice a day. It was observed that 32% patients were from the age group 51-60 years, 70% were females, 62% were from lower-middle socio economic class. Sama Jivha was found in all the patients. Among results loose motion showed 98.75% relief, 97.82% showed improvement in Udarashoola, 97.43% improvement in Agnimandya and Daurbalya each, 100% relief was seen in Aruchi. All the symptoms showed highly significant results. Hence it can be concluded that Pathadi Ghanavati and Lajamanda is very effective remedy in the patients of Aamatisara.

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The evaluation of nasal mucociliary clearance in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215119000136 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 133 (03) ◽

pp. 220-223

Author(s):

S Üstün Bezgin ◽

T Çakabay ◽

K Irak ◽

M Koçyiğit ◽

B Serin Keskineğe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Mucociliary Clearance ◽

Endoscopic Examination ◽

Control Group ◽

Clearance Time ◽

Saccharine Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Gender ◽

H Pylori ◽

Nasal Mucociliary Clearance

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to examine nasal mucociliary clearance time in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection.MethodsFifty patients who were newly diagnosed with H pylori infection using gastric biopsy in the gastroenterology out-patient clinic, and 50 age- and gender-matched healthy adults who were admitted to the otorhinolaryngology out-patient clinic, were included in this study. After an otorhinolaryngological examination (anterior rhinoscopy and nasal endoscopic examination), the nasal mucociliary clearance time of each subject was calculated using the saccharine test.ResultsThe mean mucociliary clearance time was 06:29 ± 3:31 minutes (range, 00:55–15:19 minutes) in the control group and 10:12 ± 06:09 minutes (range, 01:28–32:00 minutes) in the study group. Comparisons of the two groups revealed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.002).ConclusionNasal mucociliary clearance time was significantly increased in patients with H pylori infection. The results suggest that H pylori infection may have an unfavourable effect on nasal mucociliary clearance.

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Intracellular Presence of Helicobacter pylori and Its Virulence-Associated Genotypes within the Vaginal Yeast of Term Pregnant Women

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9010131 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 131

Author(s):

Kimberly Sánchez-Alonzo ◽

Lillian Matamala-Valdés ◽

Cristian Parra-Sepúlveda ◽

Humberto Bernasconi ◽

Víctor L. Campos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Virulence Genes ◽

Yeast Cells ◽

Bacterial Identification ◽

Infection Risk Factors ◽

Horse Blood ◽

Total Dna ◽

H Pylori ◽

Total Yeast

Background: Helicobacter pylori transmission routes are not entirely elucidated. Since yeasts are postulated to transmit this pathogen, this study aimed to detect and genotype intracellular H. pylori harbored within vaginal yeast cells. Methods: A questionnaire was used to determine risk factors of H. pylori infection. Samples were seeded on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and horse blood-supplemented Columbia agar. Isolated yeasts were identified using and observed by optical microscopy searching for intra-yeast H. pylori. Total yeast DNA, from one random sample, was extracted to search for H. pylori virulence genes by PCR and bacterial identification by sequencing. Results: 43% of samples contained yeasts, mainly Candida albicans (91%). Microscopy detected bacteria such as bodies and anti-H. pylori antibodies binding particles in 50% of the isolated yeasts. Total DNA extracted showed that 50% of the isolated yeasts were positive for H. pylori 16S rDNA and the sequence showed 99.8% similarity with H. pylori. In total, 32% of H. pylori DNA positive samples were cagA+ vacAs1a vacAm1 dupA−. No relationship was observed between possible H. pylori infection risk factors and vaginal yeasts harboring this bacterium. Conclusion: H. pylori having virulent genotypes were detected within vaginal yeasts constituting a risk for vertical transmission of this pathogen.

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