scholarly journals Changing patterns of West Nile virus transmission: altered vector competence and host susceptibility

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron C. Brault
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
West Nile ◽  
West Nile Virus Transmission ◽  
Changing Patterns

scholarly journals Ecologic Factors Associated with West Nile Virus Transmission, Northeastern United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1539-1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi E. Brown ◽  
James E. Childs ◽  
Maria A. Diuk-Wasser ◽  
Durland Fish
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
West Nile Virus Transmission

LarvicidingCulexspp. (Diptera: Culicidae) Populations in Catch Basins and Its Impact on West Nile Virus Transmission in Urban Parks in Atlanta, GA

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R McMillan ◽  
Rebekah A Blakney ◽  
Daniel G Mead ◽  
Sarah M Coker ◽  
Levi T Morran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
West Nile ◽  
West Nile Virus Transmission ◽  
Catch Basins

scholarly journals Transstadial Transmission and Replication Kinetics of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 in Laboratory Reared Ixodes ricinus Ticks

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 780
Author(s):  
Cristian Răileanu ◽  
Oliver Tauchmann ◽  
Ana Vasić ◽  
Ulrike Neumann ◽  
Birke Andrea Tews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Transstadial Transmission ◽  
Kinetics Of

West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne agent that has also been isolated from several tick species. Vector competence of Ixodes ricinus, one of the most common tick species in Europe, has been poorly investigated for WNV to date. As such, to evaluate the vector competence, laboratory reared Ixodes ricinus nymphs were in vitro fed with WNV lineage 1 infectious blood, allowed to molt, and the resulting females artificially fed to study the virus transmission. Furthermore, we studied the kinetics of WNV replication in ticks after infecting nymphs using an automatic injector. Active replication of WNV was detected in injected nymphs from day 7 post-infection until 28 dpi. In the nymphs infected by artificial feeding, the transstadial transmission of WNV was confirmed molecularly in 46.7% of males, while virus transmission during in vitro feeding of I. ricinus females originating from infected nymphs was not registered. The long persistence of WNV in I. ricinus ticks did not correlate with the transmission of the virus and it is unlikely that I. ricinus represents a competent vector. However, there is a potential reservoir role that this tick species can play, with hosts potentially acquiring the viral agent after ingesting the infected ticks.

scholarly journals West Nile virus transmission: results from the integrated surveillance system in Italy, 2008 to 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Rizzo ◽  
Christian Napoli ◽  
Giulietta Venturi ◽  
Simonetta Pupella ◽  
Letizia Lombardini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Activity Period ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Time Data ◽  
West Nile ◽  
West Nile Virus Transmission

In Italy a national Plan for the surveillance of imported and autochthonous human vector-borne diseases (chikungunya, dengue, Zika virus disease and West Nile virus (WNV) disease) that integrates human and veterinary (animals and vectors) surveillance, is issued and revised annually according with the observed epidemiological changes. Here we describe results of the WNV integrated veterinary and human surveillance systems in Italy from 2008 to 2015. A real time data exchange protocol is in place between the surveillance systems to rapidly identify occurrence of human and animal cases and to define and update the map of affected areas i.e. provinces during the vector activity period from June to October. WNV continues to cause severe illnesses in Italy during every transmission season, albeit cases are sporadic and the epidemiology varies by virus lineage and geographic area. The integration of surveillance activities and a multidisciplinary approach made it possible and have been fundamental in supporting implementation of and/or strengthening preventive measures aimed at reducing the risk of transmission of WNV trough blood, tissues and organ donation and to implementing further measures for vector control.

scholarly journals Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Bloodmeal Sources During a Period of West Nile Virus Transmission in Puerto Rico

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 701-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Barrera ◽  
Manuel Amador ◽  
Ginger Young ◽  
Nicholas Komar
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
West Nile ◽  
West Nile Virus Transmission
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