Nonlinear Dynamics of Respiratory Patterns during Maturation

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (01) ◽  
pp. 99-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sekine ◽  
K. L. Moodie ◽  
M. Akay
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamics ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Phrenic Nerve ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Likelihood Estimator ◽  
Fractal Organization ◽  
Fractal Properties ◽  
Fractal Measures ◽  
The Mean

Summary Objectives: In this paper, we quantify the fractal scaling characteristics of phrenic neurograms during eupnea in piglets, the output of the respiratory neural network that accompany maturation We also attempt to investigate whether the fractal properties are altered with maturation. Methods: The phrenic neurogram in piglets was recorded from the C5 phrenic nerve during eupnea at four postnatal ages; the 3-6 days, the 7-14 days, 15-21 days and the 26-31 days age groups and analyzed using the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE). Results: Our results suggest that the mean fractal measures over a recording of five consecutive breaths during eupnea for each piglet in each group were higher during the first 6 days and slightly decreased for the 7-14 days and significantly decreased for the 15-21 days and significantly increased for subsequent maturation (the 26-31 days old group). Conclusions: We suggest that there is a significant alteration in the fractal organization in piglet respiratory patterns during maturation and a decrease in the fractal value is unique to the15-21 days old group.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Reliability of Some Antiseptic Soaps; A 3- Parameter Weibull Distribution

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olubiyi O. A.
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Weibull Distribution ◽  
Dissolution Time ◽  
Time To Failure ◽  
Likelihood Estimator ◽  
Method Of Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Mean And Variance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Parameter Case

This study was carried out to estimate the dissolution time of some antiseptic soaps . The lifetime behavior of the antiseptic soaps was also modeled in order to estimate some basic measures and compare their lifetimes. In the analysis of data, the weibull distribution of 3-parameter case was used. The method of maximum likelihood estimator was used in estimating the parameters. The mean and variance time to failure, reliability, Weibull conditional reliability and Weibull reliable life of the products were obtained.

scholarly journals On the Loglinear Poisson and Gamma Model

1980 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter ter Berg
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Estimator ◽  
Asymptotic Variance ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Linear Estimator ◽  
Search Procedure ◽  
Gamma Model ◽  
Likelihood Estimator ◽  
The Mean

Maximum likelihood estimation in case of a Poisson or Gamma distribution with loglinear parametrization for the mean is quite akin. The asymptotic variance-covariance matrix for the maximum likelihood estimator is derived as well as a linear estimator, which can serve as a starting value for the nonlinear search procedure.

scholarly journals A Characterization of the Compound Multiparameter Hermite Gamma Distribution via Gauss’s Principle

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Hürlimann
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Estimator ◽  
Gamma Distribution ◽  
Random Sums ◽  
Likelihood Estimator ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Count Distribution ◽  
Compound Distribution ◽  
The Mean

We consider the class of those distributions that satisfy Gauss's principle (the maximum likelihood estimator of the mean is the sample mean) and have a parameter orthogonal to the mean. It is shown that this so-called “mean orthogonal class” is closed under convolution. A previous characterization of the compound gamma characterization of random sums is revisited and clarified. A new characterization of the compound distribution with multiparameter Hermite count distribution and gamma severity distribution is obtained.

scholarly journals Estimating Turbulent Dissipation from Microstructure Shear Measurements Using Maximum Likelihood Spectral Fitting over the Inertial and Viscous Subranges

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia E. Bluteau ◽  
Nicole L. Jones ◽  
Gregory N. Ivey
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Turbulent Kinetic Energy ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Integration Method ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Likelihood Estimator ◽  
Turbulent Dissipation ◽  
Spectral Fitting ◽  
The Mean

AbstractA technique is presented to derive the dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy ϵ by using the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) to fit a theoretical or known empirical model to turbulence shear spectral observations. The commonly used integration method relies on integrating the shear spectra in the viscous range, thus requiring the resolution of the highest wavenumbers of the turbulence shear spectrum. With current technology, the viscous range is not resolved at sufficiently large wavenumbers to estimate high ϵ; however, long inertial subranges can be resolved, making spectral fitting over both this subrange and the resolved portion of the viscous range an attractive method for deriving ϵ. The MLE takes into account the chi-distributed properties of the spectral observations, and so it does not rely on the log-transformed spectral observations. This fitting technique can thus take advantage of both the inertial and viscous subranges, a portion of both, or simply one of the subranges. This flexibility allows a broad range of ϵ to be resolved. The estimated ϵ is insensitive to the range of wavenumbers fitted with the model, provided the noise-dominated portion of the spectra and the low wavenumbers impacted by the mean flow are avoided. For W kg−1, the MLE fitting estimates agree with those obtained by integrating the spectral observations. However, with increasing ϵ the viscous subrange is not fully resolved and the integration method progressively starts to underestimate ϵ compared with the values obtained from fitting the spectral observations.

Age related volume of cadaver-prostates in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Rukshana Ahmed ◽  
Shamim Ara
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group A ◽  
Key Words Prostate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Pathological changes in the prostate gland occur commonly with advancing age including inflammation, atrophy, hyperplasia and carcinoma and a change in volume is also evident. Estimation of volume of prostate may be useful in a variety of clinical settings. A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to see the changes in volume of the prostate with advancing age and done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from August 2006 to June 2007. The study was performed on 70 post-mortem human prostates collected from the unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age groups; group A (10-20 years), group B (21-40 years) and group C (41-70 years). Volume of the sample was measured by using the ellipsoid formula. The mean ± SD volume of prostate was 7.68 ± 3.64 cm3 in group A, 10.61 ± 3.99 cm3 in group B and 15.40 ± 6.31 cm3 in group C. Mean difference in volume between group A and group C, group B and group C were statistically significant (p<0.001). Statistically significant positive correlation was found between age and volume of prostate (r = + 0.579, p < 0.001). Key Words: Prostate; volume; Bangladeshi. DOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i2.6501Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(2): 74-77

Large-sample confidence intervals of information-theoretic measures in linguistics

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-54
Author(s):  
Ryan Ka Yau Lai ◽  
Youngah Do
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Delta Method ◽  
Confidence Bounds ◽  
Likelihood Estimator ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Leibler Divergence ◽  
Information Theoretic Measures ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Measure Of Uncertainty

This article explores a method of creating confidence bounds for information-theoretic measures in linguistics, such as entropy, Kullback-Leibler Divergence (KLD), and mutual information. We show that a useful measure of uncertainty can be derived from simple statistical principles, namely the asymptotic distribution of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and the delta method. Three case studies from phonology and corpus linguistics are used to demonstrate how to apply it and examine its robustness against common violations of its assumptions in linguistics, such as insufficient sample size and non-independence of data points.

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