scholarly journals Body Cathexis among Stroke Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumya Sadanandan ◽  
Fatima D’Silva ◽  
Vishnu Renjith
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Body Cathexis

Abstract Background Stroke results in functional dependence and poor quality of life. Body cathexis is a measure of one’s perceived body image. Stroke survivors often experience stress, anxiety, and disturbances in body image. Objectives The objective of the study was to explore the body cathexis of stroke survivors. Materials and Methods The cross-sectional survey was conducted at two rural community settings of Kozhikode district, Kerala. Using a purposive sampling, 151 stroke survivors were recruited. Results The mean age of the participants was 64.58 years. About 53.6% participants were males and majority of the participants had ischemic stroke (76.2%). About one-third of participants had moderately severe disability. Among the participants, the body cathexis scale (BCS) ranged from 176 to 202. The overall mean (standard deviation) BCS score was 190.09 (5.04). Satisfaction or dissatisfaction toward each body part was analyzed and found that significant areas of dissatisfaction were energy level (98%), wrist (88.1%), elimination (86.1%), fingers (76.2%), and arms (73.5%). The BCS scores compared with the sides of lesion, gender differences, and duration of stroke showed no significant differences in the mean (p>0.05). Conclusions Stroke survivors are found to experience disturbances in body image. Low energy level, poor functioning of upper extremities, and disturbed elimination patterns add primarily to body image disturbances. Body cathexis does not differ with side of lesion, gender differences, and duration of stroke.

scholarly journals Perception of body image by patients undergoing bariatric surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSANA MARIA RESENDE LACERDA ◽  
CHRISTIANE RAMOS CASTANHA ◽  
ALESSANDRA RAMOS CASTANHA ◽  
JOSEMBERG MARINS CAMPOS ◽  
ÁLVARO ANTÔNIO BANDEIRA FERRAZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Image Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Body Size Estimation

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate changes in body image perception in patients undergoing bariatric surgery, evaluating the accuracy/inaccuracy in body size estimation and satisfaction/dissatisfaction with own body after surgery. Methods: we performed a survey at the General Surgery outpatient clinic of the Clinics Hospital of the Federal University of Pernambuco. Thirty-six patients aged 18 years and older undergoing bariatric surgery participated. We carried out cross-sectional and quantitative studies using the Silhouetted Figures Scale. Results: in the descriptive analysis of the distortion and dissatisfaction score of the patients with the body image, the mean distortion was positive (6.43kg/m²), indicating that most people see themselves greater than they really are. On the other hand, in the dissatisfaction, we found a negative mean (-6.91kg/m²), indicating that the majority of the patients evaluated had a “BMI” lower than the current one (that is, a smaller silhouette). Regarding satisfaction with silhouette size, only 11.8% of women liked the post-surgical result, while among men there was 50% satisfaction. Conclusion: Although bariatric surgery significantly reduced BMI, the patients presented, for the most part, dissatisfaction with body weight, perceiving it greater than it actually was, thus characterizing a perceptual inaccuracy.

scholarly journals Participation profiles among Chinese stroke survivors: A latent profile analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0244461
Author(s):  
Yuxia Li ◽  
Xuemei Li ◽  
Lanshu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Objectives To investigate the current status of participation and explore the characteristics of individuals with different levels of participation among stroke survivors in mainland China. Design Cross-sectional survey. Setting Participants were recruited by convenience sampling from the neurology department of the tertiary hospitals and communities. Subjects Stroke survivors (N = 517; mean (±SD) age, 69.97±11.51 y; 36.8% female). Intervention Not applicable. Main outcome measures Participation was measured using the Chinese version of the Impact on Participation and Autonomy Questionnaire (IPA). Rating of disability was assessed using the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS). The Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), and the Herth Hope Scale (HHS) were also employed to measure social support, coping strategy, and hope of stroke survivors. The latent profiles analysis (LPA) was conducted using the Mplus version 8.3. Results The mean score of participation was 41.21±21.204. Participants were divided into three groups according to the participation using the LPA. The mean score on the sum of IPA for the high, medium, and low participation groups was 18.93±8.529, 42.50±8.302, and 69.44±9.516, respectively. Conclusions Stroke survivors have a low level of participation. Stroke survivors with low income, high mRS stage, bad health condition, and being dissatisfied for life tended to have low participation. Healthcare professionals should pay special attention to them and make targeted interventions based on their characteristics.

scholarly journals Investigating the Relationship between Body Management and Modern Identity among Married Women in Tehran City

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Hassan Rafiey ◽  
Mohammad-Ali Mohammadi ◽  
Mohammad-Bagher Alizadeh Aghdam ◽  
Saeed Soltani Bahram
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Married Women ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modern Identity

INTRODUCTION: One of the characteristics of the modern age is to pay attention to visual symbols. In recent periods, body had found basic importance because of being the most available instrument to exhibit the identity forms and had been transformed to an identity media.METHODS: In this cross-sectional survey, the relationship between body management and modern identity has been studied on 400 married women in Tehran city. The sampling method used in this research is multistage cluster sampling.RESULTS: In the range of 50 to 87, the mean score of body management was 66.18 that indicates a body management behavior around average among participants. A positive, significant relationship (r=0.32) between modern identity and body management was found. Regression analysis showed that modern identity, monthly family income, educational level, and age can explain 20% of the variance of body management.CONCLUSION: It may be concluded that the higher the level of modern identity, the higher the level of body management will be. Based on Giddens’ theory, it can be stated that in the consumption world, the women according to their tastes and interests are trying to present themselves beautiful and youthful and to make a distinguished personal identity of themselves. Therefore, the body style and statues are some of the mechanisms that the women used to reveal their identity.

Body Image and Dieting Attitudes: Among Preadolescents

2010 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. e34-e40
Author(s):  
Crystal D. Bernier ◽  
Anita L. Kozyrskyj ◽  
Cecilia Benoit ◽  
Allan B. Becker ◽  
Gail Marchessault
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Body Esteem ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Genes And Environment ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Figure Drawings

Purpose: Differences in body image and dieting concerns were assessed in preadolescent boys and girls across the body mass index (BMI) spectrum. The hypothesis was that girls would express more concern with body size, report more dieting, and receive more advice than boys. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, ageappropriate figure drawings, the Children's Eating Attitudes Test (ChEAT), the Restraint Scale, and the Body Esteem Scale were administered to participants in the Study of Asthma, Genes and Environment, Manitoba. Responses were compared between genders and correlated with BMI percentiles. Results: A total of 565 10- and 11-year-old children (321 boys) completed questionnaires. Overall, 39% of participants wanted to be thinner, and no significant gender differences based on weight were found. However, the use of figure drawings indicated that girls desired greater changes in body size (p=0.006). Girls had higher Restraint Scale scores (p=0.003), but no statistically significant differences were found in self-reported dieting, ChEAT, or Body Esteem Scale scores. Approximately 25% of children reported receiving frequent weight-related advice. Girls did not report this more often than did boys. Children in the lowest BMI percentile desired the greatest change in body shape and had the highest Restraint Scale scores. Conclusions: Key gender differences underline the importance of understanding children's attitudes toward body image, weight, and dieting.

scholarly journals How Adolescent Subjective Health and Satisfaction with Weight and Body Shape Are Related to Participation in Sports

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åse Eriksen Dyremyhr ◽  
Esperanza Diaz ◽  
Eivind Meland
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
The Body ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Desire To Change

Background. Physical exercise has positive effects on health. However, its associations with self-rated health and body image, which are important predictors for adolescents’ wellbeing and later morbidity, are complex.Methods. Cross-sectional survey among 2527 Norwegian adolescents. We examined the relations between self-reported gender, body size, amount and type of exercise and measures of self-rated health, drive for thinness, and desire to change body, with binary logistic regression analyses.Results. Girls and overweight students reported to a greater extent than their peers impaired self-rated health, weight concerns, and desire to change their body. Increasing amount of time spent on sports was related to improved self-rated health in a dose-response manner. Both girls and boys who engaged in individual sports with an advantage of leanness, but only girls engaged in team sports, reported an increased desire to change the body. However, weight concern was not related to amount or type of sports.Conclusions. Physical exercise is positively related to self-reported health but has negative associations with body image for many adolescents. Health promotion efforts should consider this paradox and stimulate physical activity and sports along with body acceptance.

scholarly journals Body Image Dissatisfaction Is Increased in Male and Overweight/Obese Adolescents in Botswana

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Malete ◽  
K. Motlhoiwa ◽  
S. Shaibu ◽  
B. H. Wrotniak ◽  
S. D. Maruapula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Private School ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to examine linkages between obesity, physical activity, and body image dissatisfaction, with consideration of socioeconomic status (SES) and urbanization in adolescents in Botswana.Materials and Methods. A nationally representative, cross-sectional survey in 707 secondary school students included measured height and weight to determine overweight (OW) or obesity (OB) using World Health Organization standards; physical activity (PA) using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire; and body image satisfaction using the Body Ideals Questionnaire. SES was described by private school versus public school attendance.Results and Discussion. OW/OB students felt farther from ideal and greater dissatisfaction with their weight and body proportions than optimal weight students. Boys felt greater difference from ideal and more dissatisfaction with muscle tone, chest size, and strength than girls. Lower SES students and those from rural villages had more minutes of PA than higher SES or urban students. In this rapidly developing African country, these trends reflect the nutrition transition and offer opportunity to motivate OW/OB students and boys for PA as a health promotion obesity prevention behavior.Conclusions. As urbanization and improved SES are desirable and likely to continue, the public health system will be challenged to prevent obesity while preserving a healthy body image.

scholarly journals POS0733 REAL-LIFE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN SLE PATIENTS: ASSOCIATIONS WITH FATIGUE AND QUALITY OF SLEEP

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 617.1-617
Author(s):  
H. Wohland ◽  
N. Leuchten ◽  
M. Aringer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fatigue Score ◽  
The Mean

Background:Fatigue is among the top complaints of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but only in part associated with SLE disease activity. Physical activity can help to reduce fatigue and should therefore be recommended to SLE patients. Vice versa, fatigue may arguably lead to reduced physical activity.Objectives:To investigate the extent of physical activity and the perception of fatigue and sleep quality in patients with SLE.Methods:Starting in February 2019, SLE patients were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey study of fatigue and physical exercise during their routine outpatient clinic visits. Participants filled out a ten-page paper questionnaire focused on physical activity. To evaluate fatigue, we primarily used a 10 cm visual analogue scale (0-100 mm, with 100 meaning most fatigued), but also the FACIT fatigue score (range 0-52). Sleep quality was estimated using grades from 1 (excellent) to 6 (extremely poor).Results:93 SLE patients took part in the study. All patients fulfilled the European League Against Rheumatism/ American College of Rheumatology (EULAR/ACR) 2019 classification criteria for SLE. 91% of the patients were female. Their mean (SD) age was 45.5 (14.3) years and their mean disease duration 12.1 (9.4) years. The mean BMI was 25.2 (5.6). Of all patients, 7.5% had a diagnosis of (secondary) fibromyalgia. The mean fatigue VAS was 32 (27) mm and the mean FACIT fatigue score 35.7 (10.3). As expected, fatigue by VAS and FACIT was correlated (Spearman r=-0.61, p<0.0001). The mean SLEDAI was 1 (1) with a range of 0 to 6. Median glucocorticoid doses were 2 mg prednisolone equivalent, with a range from 0 to 10 mg.Out of 66 patients in payed jobs, 64 (97%) reported details on their working space. One person (2%) worked in a predominanty standing position, 37 (58%) worked in essentially sedentary jobs and 26 (40%) were in positions where they were mildly physically active in part. The mean fatigue VAS was 31 (24) mm for patients with partly active jobs and 27 (30) mm for those in sedentary jobs. Sleep was graded 2.9 (0.9) by those with active and 3.1 (1.3) by those with sedentary jobs.Half of the patients (51%) reported more than one physical recreational activity. 44 (47%) were walking and for five persons (5%) this was the only form of activity. Cycling was reported by 19 patients (20%), 18 of whom also practiced other activities. For transport, 52 (56%) in part chose active modes, such as walking and cycling. Patients who reported any of the above activities showed a mean fatigue VAS of 28 (25) mm, compared to 36 (28) mm in the patient group without a reported activity. Sleep quality was very similar: 3.1 (1.2) and 3.2 (1.1) for more active and more passive patients, respectively.65 (70%) patients regularly practiced sports. Of these, 39 (60%) practiced one kind of sport, 15 (23%) two, 7 (11%) three, and 2 (3%) each four and five kinds of sports. Fatigue VAS of patients practicing sports was 27 (25) mm versus 43 (28) in those who did not (p=0.0075). Sleep quality was 2.9 (1.1) in the sports cohort and 3.5 (1.1) in the no-sports cohort (p=0.0244).Conclusion:A majority of SLE patients in remission or low to moderate disease activity regularly practiced sports, and those doing so reported lesser fatigue and better sleep quality. The absolute values on the fatigue VAS were in a moderate range that made fatigue as the main cause of not performing sports rather unlikely for most patients.Disclosure of Interests:Helena Wohland: None declared, Nicolai Leuchten Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, Roche, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, Roche, Martin Aringer Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Astra Zeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chugai, Gilead, GSK, HEXAL, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Astra Zeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Lilly, MSD, Roche, Sanofi, UCB

Perceived Oral Health Literacy, Behaviors, and Oral Health Care among Caregivers to the Homebound Population

2021 ◽  
pp. 108482232110084
Author(s):  
Agata Wilk ◽  
Lisa LaSpina ◽  
Linda D. Boyd ◽  
Jared Vineyard
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Oral Health Literacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

This study aimed to explore the level of perceived oral health literacy (OHL) among caregivers of the homebound population in the Chicago metropolitan area and how caregivers’ OHL impacts their oral care to the homebound population. The relationships between demographic characteristics, perceived OHL levels, personal oral health behaviors, and oral health care to clients were also assessed. This cross-sectional survey research examined 69 caregivers of the homebound population employed by home health agencies. The OHL was determined by the validated Health Literacy in Dentistry Scale (HeLD-14). Independent t-tests, chi-square tests set at p < .05 significance level, and logistic regressions were used for analysis. The mean age of participants was 43. The HeLD-14 scores indicated a high perceived OHL among this group. Caregivers came from diverse groups, and the majority spoke a second language at home. About 93% performed oral self-care the recommended amount of time or more, while only 57% did it for their clients. Those who cleaned clients’ mouth twice a day had a higher OHL score ( M = 23 compared to M = 19). About 43% did not check for sores in the client’s mouth, and those who checked had a higher OHL score ( M = 25 compared to M = 19). Controlling for OHL, age was a good predictor of oral care frequency to clients. These findings provide current evidence and add to the body of knowledge on OHL among homebound individuals. The results provide insights for designing a preventive approach in oral health care to the homebound population.

scholarly journals Percepção da imagem corporal e indicadores antropométricos e de composição corporal associados em idosos

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 525-534
Author(s):  
Iasmim Batista Correia ◽  
Nathalie De Almeida Silva ◽  
Paulo Granges e Silva ◽  
Tarciana Nobre de Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Image ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Image Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Body Image Perception

Aging leads to psychological losses and various physical changes that, associated with body-stereotyped patterns imposed by society, can cause disturbances in the body image perception (BIP) in the elderly. The aim of this study was to evaluate BIP in older adults living in the city of Campina Grande / PB and its relationship with different anthropometric and body composition indicators. This cross-sectional study was carried out with older adults of both sexes enrolled in the Family Health Strategy of Campina Grande, PB. BIP was considered as a dependent variable and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triceps skinfold (TSF), and arm fat area (AFA) as independent variables. The association between BIP and anthropometric indicators was verified using the Pearson chi-square test (X²), simple and multiple logistic regression, with significance level of p <0.05. Overall, 420 older adults were interviewed (68.1% women), of whom 409 reported their actual body image perception. Regarding the perception of idealized body image, 11 individuals did not respond and 230 were satisfied, since 179 desired another silhouette. Individuals with BMI indicative of overweight / obesity were more likely of showing body image dissatisfaction compared to those with normal weight. Subjects with excessive TSF showed greater body image dissatisfaction in relation to those with normal weight. Women were more likely of showing body image dissatisfaction. Thus, it was observed that variables BMI, TSF and sex were independently associated with body image satisfaction.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Stroke Risk Factors among Stroke Survivors in Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Grace Vincent-Onabajo ◽  
Taritei Moses
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stroke Risk Factors

Background. Knowledge of stroke risk factors is expected to reduce the incidence of stroke—whether first-ever or recurrent. This study examined knowledge of stroke risk factors and its determinants among stroke survivors.Methods. A cross-sectional survey of consenting stroke survivors at two physiotherapy facilities in Nigeria was carried out. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained and knowledge of stroke risk factors (defined as the ability to mention at least one correct risk factor) was assessed using open-ended questionnaire. Data were treated with descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis.Results. Sixty-nine stroke survivors (male = 72.5%; mean ± SD age =49.7±10.6years) participated in the study. Thirty-four (49.4%) participants had knowledge of stroke risk factors. Only educational level was significantly associated with knowledge and participants with tertiary educational qualification were about 48 times (odds ratio = 48.5; CI = 7.6–309.8;P<0.0001) more likely to be knowledgeable than those with no education.Conclusion. Less than half of the participants had knowledge of stroke risk factors. Participants with tertiary education were significantly more knowledgeable than those with lower educational qualifications. Effective means of educating stroke survivors on stroke risk factors should be identified and adopted.

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