Nonstationary-Probabilistic Framework to Assess the Water Resources System Vulnerability: Long-Term Robust Planning and Timing

2021 ◽  
Vol 147 (8) ◽  
pp. 05021010
Author(s):  
Saddam Q. Waheed ◽  
Neil S. Grigg ◽  
Jorge A. Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Probabilistic Framework ◽  
Water Resources System ◽  
System Vulnerability ◽  
Robust Planning

scholarly journals A Study on Evaluating Water Resources System Vulnerability by Reinforced Ordered Weighted Averaging Operator

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Meiqin Suo ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Lixin He ◽  
Qian Zhou ◽  
Tengteng Kong
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Water Resource System ◽  
Water Resources System ◽  
Ordered Weighted Averaging ◽  
System Vulnerability ◽  
Ordered Weighted Averaging Operator ◽  
Handan City

Evaluating the vulnerability of a water resources system is a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) problem including multiple indictors and different weights. In this study, a reinforced ordered weighted averaging (ROWA) operator is proposed by incorporating extended ordered weighted average operator (EOWA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to handle the MCDA problem. In ROWA, the weights of indicators are calculated based on component score coefficient and percentage of variance, which makes ROWA avoid the subjective influence of weights provided by different experts. Concretely, the applicability of ROWA is verified by assessing the vulnerability of a water resources system in Handan, China. The obtained results can not only provide the vulnerable degrees of the studied districts but also denote the trend of water resources system vulnerability in Handan from 2009 to 2018. And the indictor that most influenced the outcome is per capita GDP. Compared with EOWA referred to various indictor weights, the represented ROWA shows good objectivity. Finally, this paper also provides the vulnerability of the water resource system in 2025 based on ROWA for water management in Handan City.

scholarly journals Treated Wastewater Irrigation—A Review

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1527
Author(s):  
Mahmoud S. Hashem ◽  
Xue-Bin Qi
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Water Resource Utilization ◽  
Extension Program ◽  
Agricultural Demand

As the most important resource for life, water has been a central issue on the international agenda for several decades. Yet, the world’s supply of clean freshwater is steadily decreasing due to extensive agricultural demand for irrigated lands. Therefore, water resources should be used with greater efficiency, and the use of non-traditional water resources, such as Treated Wastewater (TW), should be increased. Reusing TW could be an alternative option to increase water resources. Thus, many countries have decided to turn wastewater into an irrigation resource to help meet urban demand and address water shortages. However, because of the nature of that water, there are potential problems associated with its use in irrigation. Some of the major concerns are health hazards, salinity build-up, and toxicity hazards. The objectives of this comprehensive literature review are to illuminate the importance of using TW in irrigation as an alternative freshwater source and to assess the effects of its use on soil fertility and other soil properties, plants, and public health. The literature review reveals that TW reuse has become part of the extension program for boosting water resource utilization. However, the uncontrolled application of such waters has many unfavorable effects on both soils and plants, especially in the long-term. To reduce these unfavorable effects when using TW in irrigation, proper guidelines for wastewater reuse and management should be followed to limit negative effects significantly.

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