A perspective on the bright future of metal halide perovskites for X-ray detection

Mykhailo Sytnyk; Sarah Deumel; Sandro Francesco Tedde; Gebhard J. Matt; Wolfgang Heiss

doi:10.1063/1.5125999

Tailoring the electron and hole dimensionality to achieve efficient and stable metal halide perovskite scintillators

Nanophotonics ◽

10.1515/nanoph-2020-0624 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Zhifang Tan ◽

Jincong Pang ◽

Guangda Niu ◽

Jun-Hui Yuan ◽

Kan-Hao Xue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Solubility ◽

Radiation Stability ◽

Metal Halide ◽

Lead Free ◽

X Ray ◽

Metal Halide Perovskite ◽

Bonding Interaction ◽

Halide Perovskites ◽

Halide Perovskite ◽

Low X

Abstract Metal halide perovskites have recently been reported as excellent scintillators for X-ray detection. However, perovskite based scintillators are susceptible to moisture and oxygen atmosphere, such as the water solubility of CsPbBr3, and oxidation vulnerability of Sn2+, Cu+. The traditional metal halide scintillators (NaI: Tl, LaBr3, etc.) are also severely restricted by their high hygroscopicity. Here we report a new kind of lead free perovskite with excellent water and radiation stability, Rb2Sn1-x Te x Cl6. The equivalent doping of Te could break the in-phase bonding interaction between neighboring octahedra in Rb2SnCl6, and thus decrease the electron and hole dimensionality. The optimized Te content of 5% resulted in high photoluminescence quantum yield of 92.4%, and low X-ray detection limit of 0.7 µGyair s−1. The photoluminescence and radioluminescence could be maintained without any loss when immersing in water or after 480,000 Gy radiations, outperforming previous perovskite and traditional metal halides scintillators.

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High-sensitivity high-resolution X-ray imaging with soft-sintered metal halide perovskites

Nature Electronics ◽

10.1038/s41928-021-00644-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (9) ◽

pp. 681-688

Author(s):

Sarah Deumel ◽

Albert van Breemen ◽

Gerwin Gelinck ◽

Bart Peeters ◽

Joris Maas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Sensitivity ◽

Metal Halide ◽

Detector Arrays ◽

X Ray ◽

Carrier Lifetimes ◽

Sintered Metal ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

Imaging Detector ◽

High Carrier ◽

Halide Perovskites

AbstractTo realize the potential of artificial intelligence in medical imaging, improvements in imaging capabilities are required, as well as advances in computing power and algorithms. Hybrid inorganic–organic metal halide perovskites, such as methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3), offer strong X-ray absorption, high carrier mobilities (µ) and long carrier lifetimes (τ), and they are promising materials for use in X-ray imaging. However, their incorporation into pixelated sensing arrays remains challenging. Here we show that X-ray flat-panel detector arrays based on microcrystalline MAPbI3 can be created using a two-step manufacturing process. Our approach is based on the mechanical soft sintering of a freestanding absorber layer and the subsequent integration of this layer on a pixelated backplane. Freestanding microcrystalline MAPbI3 wafers exhibit a sensitivity of 9,300 µC Gyair–1 cm–2 with a μτ product of 4 × 10–4 cm2 V–1, and the resulting X-ray imaging detector, which has 508 pixels per inch, combines a high spatial resolution of 6 line pairs per millimetre with a low detection limit of 0.22 nGyair per frame.

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Nanocrystals of Metal Halide Perovskites and Their Analogues as Scintillators for X-ray detection

Nano Futures ◽

10.1088/2399-1984/ac421c ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Huiwen Chen ◽

Yunlong Li ◽

Bo Zhao ◽

Jun Ming ◽

Dongfeng Xue

Keyword(s):

Homeland Security ◽

Quantum Confinement ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Quantum Confinement Effect ◽

Medical Diagnostics ◽

Metal Halide ◽

Large Area ◽

X Ray ◽

Industrial Inspection ◽

Halide Perovskites

Abstract Scintillators are widely used for X-ray detection in various fields, such as medical diagnostics, industrial inspection and homeland security. Nanocrystals of metal halide perovskites and their analogues showed great advantages as X-ray scintillators due to their cheap manufacturing, fast decay time, and room temperature scintillation from quantum confinement effect. However, there are still many challenges unsolved for further industrialization. Herein, it is necessary to summarize the progress of scintillators based on nanocrystals of metal halide perovskites and their analogues. In first section, the scintillation mechanism and key parameters are outlined. Then, various nanocrystals of metal halide perovskites and their analogues used as scintillators are reviewed. Finally, the challenges and outlook are discussed. It is believed that nanocrystals of metal halide perovskites and their analogues are favorable for large-area and flexible X-ray detectors.

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Metal Halide Perovskites for X-ray Imaging Scintillators and Detectors

ACS Energy Letters ◽

10.1021/acsenergylett.0c02430 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 739-768

Author(s):

Yang Zhou ◽

Jie Chen ◽

Osman M. Bakr ◽

Omar F. Mohammed

Keyword(s):

Metal Halide ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

Halide Perovskites

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Metal Halide Perovskites for Sensitive X ‐ray Detectors

10.1002/9783527826391.ch14 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 411-432

Author(s):

Jingjing Zhao ◽

Liang Zhao ◽

Jinsong Huang

Keyword(s):

Metal Halide ◽

X Ray ◽

Halide Perovskites

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Lead-Free Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals for Photocatalysis in Water

10.26434/chemrxiv.9794270 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Subhajit Bhattacharjee ◽

Sonu Pratap Chaudhary ◽

Sayan Bhattacharyya

Keyword(s):

Charge Carrier ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Real Life ◽

Metal Halide ◽

Lead Free ◽

Water Medium ◽

Type I ◽

Type Ii ◽

Perovskite Layer ◽

Halide Perovskites

Metal halide perovskites with high absorption coefficient, direct generation of free charge carriers, excellent ambipolar charge carrier transport properties, point-defect tolerance, compositional versatility and solution processability are potentially transforming the photovoltaics and optoelectronics industries. However their limited ambient stability, particularly those of iodide perovskites, obscures their use as photocatalysts especially in aqueous medium. In an unprecedented approach we have exploited the photo-absorption property of the less toxic lead-free Cs3Bi2X9 (X = Br, I) nanocrystals (NCs) to catalyse the degradation of water pollutant organic dye, methylene blue (MB) in presence of visible light at room temperature. After providing a proof-of-concept with bromide perovskites in isopropanol, the perovskites are employed as photocatalysts in water medium by designing perovskite/Ag2S and perovskite/TiO2 composite systems, with Type I (or quasi Type II) and Type II alignments, respectively. Ag2S and TiO2 coatings decelerate penetration of water into the perovskite layer while facilitating charge carrier extraction. With a minimal NC loading, Cs3Bi2I9/Ag2S degrades ~90% MB within an hour. Our approach has the potential to unravel the photocatalytic properties of metal halide perovskites for a wide spectrum of real-life applications.

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