Na compound fertiliser improves growth performance, drought resistance, and water-saving efficiency of the succulent xerophyte Haloxylon ammodendron in the Alxa Desert region of China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-jun Kang ◽  
Jian-long Yu ◽  
Jin-lin Zhang ◽  
Jian-hua Xu ◽  
Suo-min Wang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Haloxylon Ammodendron ◽  
Desert Region

Drought-resistance rice variety with water-saving management reduces greenhouse gas emissions from paddies while maintaining rice yields

2021 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 107592
Author(s):  
Xianxian Zhang ◽  
Sheng Zhou ◽  
Junguo Bi ◽  
Huifeng Sun ◽  
Cong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Rice Yields

scholarly journals Molecular Breeding of a Novel PTGMS Line of WDR for Broad-Spectrum Resistance to Blast Using Pi9, Pi5, and Pi54 Genes

Rice ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Liu ◽  
Fenyun Zhang ◽  
Xingxing Luo ◽  
Deyan Kong ◽  
Anning Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Line System

Abstract Background The two-line method based on the photoperiod and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) lines is more cost-effective, simple, and efficient than the three-line system based on cytoplasmic male-sterility. Blast and drought are the most prevalent biotic and abiotic stress factors hampering rice production. Molecular techniques demonstrate higher efficacy in the pyramiding of disease resistance genes, providing green performance under the background of water-saving and drought-resistance rice. Results This study employed molecular marker-assisted selection, conventional hybridization, and high-intensity stress screening to integrate three broad-spectrum blast resistance genes Pi9, Pi5, and Pi54 into Huhan 1S. Subsequently, a novel water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR) PTGMS line Huhan 74S was developed. The drought resistance of the new PTGMS line Huhan 74S was comparable to that of Huhan 1S. Pathogenicity assays involving the inoculation of 14 blast prevalent isolates in the glasshouse showed that the blast resistance frequency of Huhan 74S was 85.7%. Further evaluation under natural blast epidemic field conditions showed that Huhan 74S and its hybrids were resistant to leaf and neck blast. The critical temperature point of fertility-sterility alteration of Huhan 74S was 23 °C daily mean temperature. The complete male sterility under natural growth conditions in 2017 at Shanghai lasted for 67 days. Also, both the agronomic and grain quality traits met the requirement for two-line hybrid rice production. Conclusion These results indicate that the newly bred PTGMS line Huhan 74S can be used to breed high-yielding, good-quality, disease-resistant two-line hybrid water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR), hence promoting sustainable rice production in China.

scholarly journals Molecular Breeding of a Novel PTGMS Line of Wdr for Broad-spectrum Resistance to Blast Using Pi9, Pikh, and Pi5 Genes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Liu ◽  
Fenyun Zhang ◽  
Xingxing Luo ◽  
Deyan Kong ◽  
Anning Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rice Quality ◽  
Hybrid Combination

Abstract Background: The two-line method based on the photoperiod and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) lines is more cost-effective, simple, and efficient than the three-line system based on cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS). Blast and drought are the most prevalent biotic and abiotic stress factors that hamper rice production, respectively. Molecular techniques demonstrate higher efficacy in the pyramiding of disease resistance genes, providing green performance under the background of water-saving and drought-resistance rice.Results: This work employed molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS), conventional hybridization and high-intensity stress screening to integrate the broad-spectrum blast resistance genes Pi9, Pikh, and Pi5 into Huhan 1S. Subsequently a novel water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR) PTGMS line Huhan 74S was developed. The drought resistance of the new PTGMS line Huhan 74S was comparable to that of Huhan 1S. The artificial inoculation of 14 blast strains revealed that the resistance frequency of Huhan 74S was 85.7%. Based on the conditions of natural field induction, Huhan 74S and its hybrid combination revealed satisfactory resistance to leaf and neck blast. The identification outcomes of photo-thermal characteristics showed that the critical point of Huhan 74S fertility conversion had an average daily temperature of 23℃, and the stable sterile period in Shanghai lasted 51 days. The rice quality of Huhan 74S was grade 3 based on standards issued by the ministry. Also, both the agronomic and rice quality performances adhered to the conditions of two-line hybrid rice production.Conclusion: The newly bred PTGMS line Huhan 74S demonstrated a stable and lasting resistance to blast. Moreover, the hybrid combination showed a high yield potential and can be used in the breeding of high-yield, high-quality, disease-resistance two-line hybrid water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR), hence promoting sustainable rice production in China.

scholarly journals Comparison of Shoot Water Potential in Plantation and Natural Forest Trees of Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A.Mey) Bunge ex Fenzl Desert Region, Mongolia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enkhchimeg Tsedensodnom ◽  
Ser-Oddamba Byambadorj ◽  
Narantugs Dulamsuren ◽  
Khaulanbek Akhmadi ◽  
Batkhuu Nyam-Osor
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Haloxylon Ammodendron ◽  
Desert Region

scholarly journals Agronomic Growth Performance of Super Rice under Water-Saving Irrigation Methods with Different Water-Controlled Thresholds in Different Growth Stages

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengxin Zheng ◽  
Zhanyu Zhang ◽  
Shurong Hao ◽  
Wenmeng Chen ◽  
Yongchun Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Controlled Irrigation ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Many water-saving techniques have been developed for rice production in response to irrigation water scarcity. The selection of the water-saving methods and the optimum thresholds for obtaining maximum benefits of these regimes are largely site-specific depending mainly on soil type, soil texture, and the environment. A two-year (2017 and 2018) experiment was conducted to evaluate the response of the agronomic growth performance, yield, and water use of super rice varieties under different irrigation regimes in Jiangsu Province, China. The irrigation regimes were comprised of different water-controlled thresholds, in different growth stages. Treatments included traditional flooding irrigation (FI, as the control) and the following four water-saving irrigation (WSI) regimes: shallow adjusting irrigation (WSI1), rainwater-catching and controlled irrigation (WSI2), controlled irrigation (WSI3), and drought planting with straw mulching (WSI4). The results showed that WSI treatments significantly increased the irrigation water use efficiency by 20.60% to 56.92% as compared with FI. The WSI treatments significantly decreased the crop evapotranspiration during the rice growth period. The grain yields of WSI1, WSI2, and WSI3 were significantly increased (6.62%~7.20% for WSI1, 8.21%~12.39% for WSI2, and 8.30%~12.91% for WSI3) as compared with that of the control, whereas WSI4 decreased the rice yield by 11.69%~18.10%. This research implies that WSI2 and WSI3 have the greatest potential for promotion in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. An optimization of the irrigation threshold of WSI1 and WSI4 should be considered to guarantee the overall benefit.

Towards a conceptual ABA ideotype in plant breeding for water limited environments

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Blum
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Plant Model ◽  
Plant Hydraulics

A huge amount of information had been accumulated on abscisic acid (ABA). Laboratory and some field research with ABA-enhanced transgenic plants generally conclude that ABA is a drought resistance hormone, since it causes stomatal closure, reduces transpiration and results in ‘water saving’ under drought stress. This recurring conclusion is hard to accept in the agronomic domain considering the many direct and indirect negative effects of ABA on plant growth and reproduction. In order to formulate a conceptual phenotypic ABA ideotype for plant breeding, this paper begins by briefly reviewing the phenomics of ABA relative to plant function and productivity. Consequently, it is recognised that ABA enhancement is important in controlling the isohydric (‘water saving’) plant model, whereas plant hydraulics are more important in controlling the anisohydric (‘water spending’) plant model. Subsequently, the respective isohydric and anisohydric ideotypes appropriate to specific dryland crop drought stress scenarios are proposed. It is concluded that ABA can by no means be universally defined as a ‘drought resistance hormone’. Its benefit or damage depends on the crop drought stress profile and the dynamics of the seasonal regimen of ABA in the plant. The isohydric ideotype might have an advantage in the harshest environments, whereas the anisohydric one will perform relatively better under more moderate drought conditions.

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