scholarly journals New Middle Pleistocene hominin cranium from Gruta da Aroeira (Portugal)

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (13) ◽  
pp. 3397-3402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Daura ◽  
Montserrat Sanz ◽  
Juan Luis Arsuaga ◽  
Dirk L. Hoffmann ◽  
Rolf M. Quam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Homo Erectus ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Homo Heidelbergensis ◽  
Incipient Stage ◽  
Sima De Los Huesos ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Nasal Floor ◽  
Fossil Hominins ◽  
The Right ◽  
Important Evidence

The Middle Pleistocene is a crucial time period for studying human evolution in Europe, because it marks the appearance of both fossil hominins ancestral to the later Neandertals and the Acheulean technology. Nevertheless, European sites containing well-dated human remains associated with an Acheulean toolkit remain scarce. The earliest European hominin crania associated with Acheulean handaxes are at the sites of Arago, Atapuerca Sima de los Huesos (SH), and Swanscombe, dating to 400–500 ka (Marine Isotope Stage 11–12). The Atapuerca (SH) fossils and the Swanscombe cranium belong to the Neandertal clade, whereas the Arago hominins have been attributed to an incipient stage of Neandertal evolution, toHomo heidelbergensis, or to a subspecies ofHomo erectus. A recently discovered cranium (Aroeira 3) from the Gruta da Aroeira (Almonda karst system, Portugal) dating to 390–436 ka provides important evidence on the earliest European Acheulean-bearing hominins. This cranium is represented by most of the right half of a calvarium (with the exception of the missing occipital bone) and a fragmentary right maxilla preserving part of the nasal floor and two fragmentary molars. The combination of traits in the Aroeira 3 cranium augments the previously documented diversity in the European Middle Pleistocene fossil record.

scholarly journals Variation in Paranasal Pneumatisation between Mid-Late Pleistocene Hominins

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 14-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.T. Buck ◽  
C.B. Stringer ◽  
A.M. MacLarnon ◽  
T.C. Rae
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Homo Heidelbergensis ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Facial Shape ◽  
Fossil Hominins ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

There is considerable variation in mid-late Pleistocene hominin paranasal sinuses, and in some taxa distinctive craniofacial shape has been linked to sinus size. Extreme frontal sinus size has been reported in mid-Pleistocene specimens often classified as Homo heidelbergensis, and Neanderthal sinuses are said to be distinctively large, explaining diagnostic Neanderthal facial shape. Here, the sinuses of fossil hominins attributed to several mid-late Pleistocene taxa were compared to those of recent H. sapiens. The sinuses were investigated to clarify differences in the extent of pneumatisation within this group and the relationship between sinus size and craniofacial variation in hominins from this time period. Frontal and maxillary sinus volumes were measured from CT data, and geometric morphometric methods were used to identify and analyse shape variables associated with sinus volume. Some mid-Pleistocene specimens were found to have extremely large frontal sinuses, supporting previous suggestions that this may be a diagnostic characteristic of this group. Contrary to traditional assertions, however, rather than mid-Pleistocene Homo or Neanderthals having large maxillary sinuses, this study shows that H. sapiens has distinctively small maxillary sinuses. While the causes of large sinuses in mid-Pleistocene Homo remain uncertain, small maxillary sinuses in H. sapiens most likely result from the derived craniofacial morphology that is diagnostic of our species. These conclusions build on previous studies to overturn long-standing but unfounded theories about the pneumatic influences on Neanderthal craniofacial form, whilst opening up questions about the ecological correlates of pneumatisation in hominins.

Endocranial traits of the Sima de los Huesos (Atapuerca, Spain) and Petralona (Chalkidiki, Greece) Middle Pleistocene ursids. Phylogenetic and biochronological implications

2014 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Santos ◽  
Nuria Garcia ◽  
Jose Miguel Carretero ◽  
Juan Luis Arsuaga ◽  
Evangelia Tsoukala
Keyword(s):  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Sima De Los Huesos

scholarly journals Platypnoea–orthodeoxia syndrome induced by short-term weight loss: a case series

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudai Tamura ◽  
Tomohiro Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Transoesophageal Echocardiography ◽  
Sitting Position ◽  
Short Time Period ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Uncommon Condition ◽  
The Right ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Background Platypnoea–orthodeoxia syndrome (POS) is an uncommon condition characterized by dyspnoea and arterial desaturation in the standing or sitting position that improves in the supine position. Case summary We report two cases of POS caused by an atrial septal defect (ASD) and a patent foramen ovale (PFO). Both cases reported a recent decrease in body weight of more than 10 kg in a short time period. Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) with agitated saline bubble study revealed and a large amount of contrast bubble through the ASD (Patient 1) or the PFO (Patient 2) from the right atrium to the left atrium in the sitting position. Both patients were diagnosed by the finding of positional dyspnoea and the results of TOE using agitated saline bubble contrast. Discussion Taken together, their presentations suggest that weight loss in a short time period could be a pathogenic factor for POS.

scholarly journals Enamel hypoplasias and physiological stress in the Sima de los Huesos Middle Pleistocene hominins

2004 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Cunha ◽  
F. Ramirez Rozzi ◽  
J.M. Bermúdez De Castro ◽  
M. Martinón-Torres ◽  
S.N. Wasterlain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Sima De Los Huesos

scholarly journals Recent origin of low trabecular bone density in modern humans

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habiba Chirchir ◽  
Tracy L. Kivell ◽  
Christopher B. Ruff ◽  
Jean-Jacques Hublin ◽  
Kristian J. Carlson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Homo Erectus ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Human Skeleton ◽  
Trabecular Density ◽  
Fossil Hominins

Humans are unique, compared with our closest living relatives (chimpanzees) and early fossil hominins, in having an enlarged body size and lower limb joint surfaces in combination with a relatively gracile skeleton (i.e., lower bone mass for our body size). Some analyses have observed that in at least a few anatomical regions modern humans today appear to have relatively low trabecular density, but little is known about how that density varies throughout the human skeleton and across species or how and when the present trabecular patterns emerged over the course of human evolution. Here, we test the hypotheses that (i) recent modern humans have low trabecular density throughout the upper and lower limbs compared with other primate taxa and (ii) the reduction in trabecular density first occurred in early Homo erectus, consistent with the shift toward a modern human locomotor anatomy, or more recently in concert with diaphyseal gracilization in Holocene humans. We used peripheral quantitative CT and microtomography to measure trabecular bone of limb epiphyses (long bone articular ends) in modern humans and chimpanzees and in fossil hominins attributed to Australopithecus africanus, Paranthropus robustus/early Homo from Swartkrans, Homo neanderthalensis, and early Homo sapiens. Results show that only recent modern humans have low trabecular density throughout the limb joints. Extinct hominins, including pre-Holocene Homo sapiens, retain the high levels seen in nonhuman primates. Thus, the low trabecular density of the recent modern human skeleton evolved late in our evolutionary history, potentially resulting from increased sedentism and reliance on technological and cultural innovations.

Exodus

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Hart ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Deep Space ◽  
Traditional Foods ◽  
Religious Ceremony ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Archeological Evidence ◽  
Historical Basis ◽  
The Right

What makes a "religious" holiday? Does the combination of ritual, culture, and family custom all merge together to create "religion?" Does it even matter if the historical basis for religious stories are false? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, the spaceship computer AI wakes up a family in deep space hibernation to give them time to prepare for, and celebrate, Passover. There are many situations unique to being in space that must be overcome; determining the right time period when taking into consideration time dilation, not to mention missing ingredients for traditional foods. Also, they are short two people of the requisite ten and ask the computer AI to "convert" and serve the role of two additional Jewish people. Awkwardly, the computer reminds them that some of their traditional stories are not supported by archeological evidence. This all begs important questions about the complicated weaving of history, faith, culture, and family custom in religious ceremony.

scholarly journals IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS. /LECTURE, PART I. «PARADOXES»/

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Michael G. Dudin ◽  
Dmitry Yu. Pinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Plane Deformation ◽  
Homo Erectus ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Statistical Indicators

In the paper we discussed and analyzed the issues that confront practicing orthopedists with the most mysterious and at the same time the most studied vertebral column lesion in children and adolescents - idiopathic scoliosis. Nowadays a great amount of information on its various aspects has been already accumulated, but a practical output in the form of a system of effective treatment has not been yet found and (we can’t even speak about) there is no speech at all about the prevention (prophylactic) of the disease (scoliosis). On the basis of the own many year’s experience with this category of patients and the results of a comprehensive multi-faceted survey, the authors acquired the right to form their own point of view on the etiology and pathogenesis of the three-plane deformation in orthograde human (homo erectus). In this paper, the authors present their reflections on the history of the study of scoliosis, the terminology, statistical indicators and the existing views on its origins. Concerning argumentation on the own findings (conclusions) and views on the disease the authors plan to tell in the following sections.

scholarly journals Pelaksanaan Akta Pelepasan Hak Sebagai Alas Hak Untuk Mengajukan Permohonan Peralihan Dan Perubahan Hak Guna Bangunan Yang Jangka Waktunya Telah Berakhir Di Kabupaten Brebes

Jurnal Akta ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Dwi Heny Ratnawati ◽  
Djauhari Djauhari
Keyword(s):  
Legal Research ◽  
Land Registration ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Funding Institution ◽  
The Right

AbstrakTujuan utama yang akan dilaksanakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut : 1) Untuk menganalisis bagaimana pelaksanaan akta pelepasan hak sebagai alas hak untuk mengajukan permohonan peralihan dan perubahan hak guna bangunan yang jangka waktunya telah berakhir, 2) Untuk menganalisis kelemahan dan solusi pelaksanaan akta pelepasan hak sebagai alas hak untuk mengajukan permohonan peralihan dan perubahan hak guna bangunan yang jangka waktunya telah berakhir di Kabupaten Brebes.Penelitian ini bersifat Soci-Legal Research dimana dalam penelitian ini akan dipaparkan tentang pelaksanaan akta pelepasan hak untuk mengajukan permohonan peralihan dan perubahan hak guna bangunan yang telah berakhir jangka waktunya. Bersifat analistis, karena terhadap data yang diperoleh itu dilakukan analisis data secara kualitatif.Kesimpulan atas pelaksanaan akta pelepasan hak sebagai alas hak untuk mengajukan permohonan peralihan dan perubahan hak guna bangunan yang jangka waktunya telah berakhir yaitu dalam pelaksanaan akta pelepasan hak harus didukung dengan syarat-syarat yang lain disamping identitas pemohon, juga mengenai data yuridis atas tanah yang dimohon yaitu berupa bukti pelunasaan dari pihak bank sebagai lembaga yang membiayai, disamping itu akta pelepasan hak dapat dilaksanakan apabila sudah memenuhi syarat otentitas akta dan syarat sahnya suatu perjanjian yaitu akta pelepasan hak dapat dibuat setelah dikeluarkanya Surat Keterangan Pendaftaran Tanah (SKPT) dari Kantor Pertanahan setempat.Kata kunci : Akta Pelepasan Hak, alas hak, Hak Guna BangunanAbstractThe main objectives to be carried out in this research are as follows: 1) To analyze how the implementation of the deed of disposal of rights as the base of the right to apply for the transition and change of building rights which has expired, 2) To analyze the weaknesses and the implementation of the deed of disposal as a basis for the right to file transitional applications and changes in building rights that have expired in Brebes County.This research is Soci-Legal Research which in this research will be presented about the implementation of the deed of release of the right to apply for the transition and change of the right to the building which has expired the time period. Analytical, because of the data obtained was analyzed data qualitatively.The conclusion of the exercise of the deed of disposal of rights as the base of the right to file the transitional application and the amendment of the rights to the building whose term has expired in the exercise of the deed of disposal shall be supported by other conditions beside the identity of the applicant as well as the juridical data on the requested land in the form of evidence of expulsion from the bank as a funding institution, in addition to the deed of disposal of rights may be exercised if it meets the authentication requirements of the deed and the validity of an agreement that is the deed of release can be made after the issuance of Land Registration Certificate (SKPT) from the local Land Office.Keywords: Deed of Rights Release, pedestal rights, building use rights

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