scholarly journals Origin of the genetic code: a testable hypothesis based on tRNA structure, sequence, and kinetic proofreading.

1978 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 4334-4338 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Hopfield
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Code ◽  
Testable Hypothesis ◽  
Trna Structure ◽  
Kinetic Proofreading

scholarly journals Saturation of recognition elements blocks evolution of new tRNA identities

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. e1501860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adélaïde Saint-Léger ◽  
Carla Bello ◽  
Pablo D. Dans ◽  
Adrian Gabriel Torres ◽  
Eva Maria Novoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Genetic Code ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Nucleotide Substitutions ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
Transfer Rnas ◽  
Trna Structure ◽  
Recognition Elements ◽  
Selection Of

Understanding the principles that led to the current complexity of the genetic code is a central question in evolution. Expansion of the genetic code required the selection of new transfer RNAs (tRNAs) with specific recognition signals that allowed them to be matured, modified, aminoacylated, and processed by the ribosome without compromising the fidelity or efficiency of protein synthesis. We show that saturation of recognition signals blocks the emergence of new tRNA identities and that the rate of nucleotide substitutions in tRNAs is higher in species with fewer tRNA genes. We propose that the growth of the genetic code stalled because a limit was reached in the number of identity elements that can be effectively used in the tRNA structure.

scholarly journals tRNA structure and evolution and standardization to the three nucleotide genetic code

Transcription ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daewoo Pak ◽  
Robert Root-Bernstein ◽  
Zachary F. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Code ◽  
Trna Structure

Mitochondrial tRNA Structure, Identity, and Evolution of the Genetic Code

2011 ◽  
pp. 431-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Franz Lang ◽  
Dennis Lavrov ◽  
Natacha Beck ◽  
Sergey V. Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Code ◽  
Mitochondrial Trna ◽  
Trna Structure

Ideology and Science (based on the discussion in CEMI RAS)

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
V.L. Makarov ◽  
V.G. Grebennikov ◽  
V.E. Dementyev ◽  
E.V. Ustyuzhanina
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Code ◽  
Mathematical Institute ◽  
Tea Party ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Central Economic

The debating society “Makarov’s tea party” chaired by the academician V.L. Makarov met on the 18th April 2019 in the Central Economic Mathematical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in order to discuss the interrelationship between ideology and science. The society raised such issues as opposition and interpenetration of science and ideology; ideology and the genetic code of a nation; ideology and manipulation of conscience; numbers and facts as tools of ideological intervention. Here we present the most interesting points of the discussion. The authors of the reports: Makarov Valery, Doctor of Phys.-math., member of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Dementiev Victor, Doctor of Economics, Corr. RAS; Grebennikov Valery, Doctor of Economics; Ustyuzhanina Elena, Doctor of Economics.

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