On the relationship of atypical and low-dose conventional antipsychotics with akathisia in a clinical patient population

Background.Sepsis-induced immunosuppression may result in higher mortality rates in patients.Methods. We examined the relationship of cytokine responses from stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and monocyte human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression (days 1 and 7) with low-dose steroid therapy in 29 septic patients. Patients were treated according to the guidelines. Thirty healthy controls were enrolled for validation.Results. Eighteen patients were prescribed low-dose steroids and 11 were not. Interleukin- (IL-) 12 responses in patients without low-dose steroid therapy on days 1 and 7 were higher than those with low-dose steroid therapy. Compared to day 1, IL-12 responses significantly increased on day 7 in patients without low-dose steroid therapy. After regression analysis, the change in the IL-12 response from day 7 to day 1 was found to be independently associated with the low-dose steroid therapy. There was no difference in monocyte HLA-DR expression between patients treated with and without low-dose steroid on day 1 or 7. No change in monocyte HLA-DR expression from day 7 to day 1 was observed in patients with or without low-dose steroid therapy.Conclusion. Decreased IL-12 response was associated with the low-dose steroid therapy in PBMCs of septic patients.

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The Relationship of Patient Population and Nurses’ Certification Statuses on Nurses’ Practices in Preparing Families for the End of Life

Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing ◽

10.1097/njh.0000000000000108 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. 503-513

Author(s):

Karen A. Kehl

Keyword(s):

End Of Life ◽

Patient Population ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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ANALYSIS OF THE LETHAL EFFECTS OF LOW-DOSE RADIATION ON GLIOMA CELLS: RELATIONSHIP OF THE BYSTANDER EFFECT AND METAL ELEMENTS

International Journal of PIXE ◽

10.1142/s012908351100215x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 21 (01n02) ◽

pp. 47-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

SEIICHI WADA ◽

MAUKO SUDO ◽

SAKIKO TAMURA ◽

TAKEHIKO KAKIZAKI ◽

NOBUHIKO ITO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Low Dose ◽

Bystander Effect ◽

Low Dose Radiation ◽

Metal Elements ◽

Zn Concentration ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

Radiation Induced Bystander Effect ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Investigation of the radiation-induced bystander effect plays an important role in the understanding of the mechanisms of radiation response after low-dose irradiation. Sphingomyelinase (SMase) was activated by radiation and required the metal element for its activation. For further elucidation of the bystander effect, we investigated the relationship between its induction by acid SMase and a factor secreted from the irradiated tumor cells. In the cell culture medium transfer experiment after irradiation at a dose of 0.1 Gy , cell death was induced in non-irradiated cells. However, when cells received prior treatment with SMase inhibitor, cell death was not induced. When fluctuations in the activation of SMase and metal elements were detected, both intracellularly and extracellularly after irradiation, an increase in SMase activity and Zn concentration occurred within the cells at 5 min and outside of the cells at 15 min after irradiation. This increase in zinc concentration at 15 min after irradiation was suppressed by treatment with SMase inhibitor. These results suggest that activation of SMase, which is related to the bystander effect, is dependent on zinc.

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Diagnosis of osteoporosis in statin-treated patients is dose-dependent

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215714 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 78 (12) ◽

pp. 1706-1711 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Michael Leutner ◽

Caspar Matzhold ◽

Luise Bellach ◽

Carola Deischinger ◽

Jürgen Harreiter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Dose ◽

Statin Treatment ◽

High Dose ◽

Diagnosis Of Osteoporosis ◽

Study Population ◽

Dependent Risks ◽

Coa Reductase ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Dose Dependent

ObjectiveWhether HMG-CoA-reductase inhibition, the main mechanism of statins, plays a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, is not entirely known so far. Consequently, this study was set out to investigate the relationship of different kinds and dosages of statins with osteoporosis, hypothesising that the inhibition of the synthesis of cholesterol could influence sex-hormones and therefore the diagnosis of osteoporosis.MethodsMedical claims data of all Austrians from 2006 to 2007 was used to identify all patients treated with statins to compute their daily defined dose averages of six different types of statins. We applied multiple logistic regression to analyse the dose-dependent risks of being diagnosed with osteoporosis for each statin individually.ResultsIn the general study population, statin treatment was associated with an overrepresentation of diagnosed osteoporosis compared with controls (OR: 3.62, 95% CI 3.55 to 3.69, p<0.01). There was a highly non-trivial dependence of statin dosage with the ORs of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis was underrepresented in low-dose statin treatment (0–10 mg per day), including lovastatin (OR: 0.39, CI 0.18 to 0.84, p<0.05), pravastatin (OR: 0.68, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.89, p<0.01), simvastatin (OR: 0.70, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.86, p<0.01) and rosuvastatin (OR: 0.69, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.87, p<0.01). However, the exceeding of the 40 mg threshold for simvastatin (OR: 1.64, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.07, p<0.01), and the exceeding of a 20 mg threshold for atorvastatin (OR: 1.78, 95% CI 1.41 to 2.23, p<0.01) and for rosuvastatin (OR: 2.04, 95% CI 1.31 to 3.18, p<0.01) was related to an overrepresentation of osteoporosis.ConclusionOur results show that the diagnosis of osteoporosis in statin-treated patients is dose-dependent. Thus, osteoporosis is underrepresented in low-dose and overrepresented in high-dose statin treatment, demonstrating the importance of future studies’ taking dose-dependency into account when investigating the relationship between statins and osteoporosis.

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