Effects of Acute Hyperglycemia on Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus or Impaired Glucose Metabolism

Endothelium ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Hyun Kim ◽  
Kyung-Woo Park ◽  
Yong-Seok Kim ◽  
Seil Oh ◽  
In-Ho Chae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Impaired Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Acute Hyperglycemia ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

scholarly journals Impaired glucose metabolism in patients with diabetes, prediabetes and obesity is associated with severe Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Smith ◽  
Avinash Boppana ◽  
Julie A. Traupman ◽  
Enrique Unson ◽  
Daniel A. Maddock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Impaired Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Persistent Hyperglycemia ◽  
Hba1c Levels

AbstractBackgroundIdentification of risk factors of severe Covid-19 is critical for improving therapies and understanding SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis.MethodsWe analyzed 184 patients hospitalized for Covid-19 in Livingston, New Jersey for clinical characteristics associated with severe disease.ResultsThe majority of Covid-19 patients had diabetes mellitus (DM) (62.0%), Pre-DM (23.9%) with elevated FBG, or a BMI > 30 with normal HbA1C (4.3%). SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with new and persistent hyperglycemia in 29 patients, including several with normal HbA1C levels. Forty-four patients required intubation, which occurred significantly more often in patients with DM as compared to non-diabetics.ConclusionsSevere Covid-19 occurs in the presence of impaired glucose metabolism in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The association of dysregulated glucose metabolism and severe Covid-19 suggests a previously unrecognized manifestation of primary SARS-CoV-2 infection. Exploration of pathways by which SARS-CoV-2 impacts glucose metabolism is critical for understanding disease pathogenesis and developing therapies.

scholarly journals Impaired glucose metabolism in patients with acute stroke and no previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus

QJM ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 871-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Vancheri ◽  
M. Curcio ◽  
A. Burgio ◽  
S. Salvaggio ◽  
G. Gruttadauria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Impaired Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Previous Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis Of Diabetes Mellitus

scholarly journals Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension—A Case of Sugar and Salt?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5200
Author(s):  
Marcus Sondermann ◽  
Michał Holecki ◽  
Andrea Marita Kirsch ◽  
Manuela Bastian ◽  
Dagmar-Christiane Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Volume Regulation ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Sodium Retention ◽  
Specific Mechanism ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Fluid Status ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

The majority of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have hypertension (HTN). A specific mechanism for the development of HTN in DM has not been described. In the Zucker, Endothel, und Salz (sugar, endothelium, and salt) study (ZEuS), indices of glucose metabolism and of volume regulation are recorded. An analysis of these parameters shows that glucose concentrations interfere with plasma osmolality and that changes in glycemic control have a significant impact on fluid status and blood pressure. The results of this study are discussed against the background of the striking similarities between the regulation of sugar and salt blood concentrations, introducing the view that DM is probably a sodium-retention disorder that leads to a state of hypervolemia.

scholarly journals Therapy of acromegalic patients exacerbated by concomitant type 2 diabetes requires higher pegvisomant doses to normalise IGF1 levels

2014 ◽  
Vol 171 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Droste ◽  
Julia Domberg ◽  
Michael Buchfelder ◽  
Klaus Mann ◽  
Anja Schwanke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Metabolism Disorders ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Worse Prognosis

ObjectiveAcromegaly is associated with an increased prevalence of glucose metabolism disorders. Clinically confirmed diabetes mellitus is observed in approximately one quarter of all patients with acromegaly and is known to have a worse prognosis in these patients.DesignOf 514 acromegalic patients treated with pegvisomant and recorded in the German Cohort of ACROSTUDY, 147 had concomitant diabetes mellitus. We analysed these patients in an observational study and compared patients with and without concomitant diabetes.ResultsUnder treatment with pegvisomant, patients with diabetes mellitus rarely achieved normalisation (64% in the diabetic cohort vs 75% in the non-diabetic cohort,P=0.04) for IGF1. Diabetic patients normalised for IGF1 required higher pegvisomant doses (18.9 vs 15.5 mg pegvisomant/day,P<0.01). Furthermore, those diabetic patients requiring insulin therapy showed a tendency towards requiring even higher pegvisomant doses to normalise IGF1 values than diabetic patients receiving only oral treatment (22.8 vs 17.2 mg pegvisomant/day,P=0.11).ConclusionsHence, notable interdependences between the acromegaly, the glucose metabolism of predisposed patients and their treatment with pegvisomant were observed. Our data support recent findings suggesting that intra-portal insulin levels determine the GH receptor expression in the liver underlined by the fact that patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus, in particular those receiving insulin therapy, require higher pegvisomant doses to normalise IGF1. It is therefore important to analyse various therapy modalities to find out whether they influence the associated diabetes mellitus and/or whether the presence of diabetes mellitus influences the treatment results of an acromegaly therapy.

scholarly journals Consumption of dairy foods in relation to impaired glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Maastricht Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (8) ◽  
pp. 1453-1461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone J. P. M. Eussen ◽  
Martien C. J. M. van Dongen ◽  
Nicole Wijckmans ◽  
Louise den Biggelaar ◽  
Stefanie J. W. H. Oude Elferink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Impaired Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Fermented Products

AbstractObservational studies suggest an inverse association between total dairy product intake and diabetes risk. However, there is a lack of information on the relationship of specific dairy products with impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Individuals aged 40–75 years were recruited for the Maastricht Study. All the participants filled out a 253-food item FFQ, covering fifty specific dairy items that captured differences between full-fat, semi-skimmed and skimmed products, as well as fermented and non-fermented products. Glucose metabolism status was assessed by an oral glucose tolerance test, and participants were informed on their glucose metabolism status after returning the FFQ. Data of 2391 individuals were available to estimate OR (95 % CI) for IGM (n 470) and newly diagnosed (ND) T2DM (n 125), with adjustment for age, sex, BMI, physical activity, smoking status, education, energy intake and intakes of vegetables, fruits, meat and fish. For IGM, fully adjusted analyses revealed inverse associations, with OR comparing the highest with the lowest tertile of intake of 0·73 (95 % CI 0·55, 0·96) for skimmed products and 0·74 (95 % CI 0·54, 0·99) for fermented products. These dairy products were not associated with ND T2DM. In contrast, full-fat products were positively associated with ND T2DM (OR 2·01; 95 % CI 1·16, 3·47), whereas total dairy product intake was inversely associated with ND T2DM (OR 0·50; 95 % CI 0·26, 0·93). In conclusion, individuals with a high consumption of skimmed and fermented products had lower odds of having IGM, and individuals with a high consumption of total dairy products had lower odds of having ND T2DM. High intake of full-fat products was not related to IGM but was positively related to ND T2DM.

scholarly journals Case Report: Severe Edema and Marked Weight Gain Induced by Marginal Thiamine Deficiency in a Patient With Alcohol Dependency and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitomi Tanaka ◽  
Takatoshi Anno ◽  
Haruka Takenouchi ◽  
Hideyuki Iwamoto ◽  
Hideaki Kaneto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Thiamine Deficiency ◽  
Diet Therapy ◽  
Peripheral Edema ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) may develop peripheral edema due to alcohol-related liver, renal, or heart disease. Thiamine deficiency is reported to occur in AUD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thiamine deficiency may also cause peripheral edema. Thiamine is essential for optimal glucose metabolism through its role as an essential co-factor for key enzymes in intermediary metabolism. Since glucose metabolism worsens under diabetic conditions, it seems that a relative shortage of thiamine may occur more easily in patients with diabetes mellitus.Case Presentation: A 59-year-old Japanese man was admitted to the hospital with severe peripheral edema. His background history included alcohol liver disease (ALD), chronic renal failure (CRF), and T2DM. His body mass index (BMI) at admission was 37.7 kg/m2 and this represented a 30 kg increase in body weight over 2 months. Laboratory investigations showed anemia, liver and renal injury, hyperglycemia, and marginal hypothyroidism. The plasma thiamine diphosphate concentration was 20 ng/mL (reference range: 24–66 ng/mL). Diet therapy of 1,600 kcal/day and intravenous fursultiamine hydrochloride therapy (50 mg/once a day, seven days) was commenced in combination with intravenous diuretics. After one week, the plasma thiamine concentration was 853 ng/mL, and the patient's body weight had reduced by 18 kg.Conclusions: Patients with T2DM and AUD may develop severe peripheral edema in the context of marginal thiamine deficiency. Fursultiamine hydrochloride (50 mg/once a day, seven days) restored normal plasma thiamine concentrations and may have contributed to the rapid resolution of severe peripheral edema in this case. Empirical treatment with thiamine should be considered in patients with severe peripheral edema in the context of AUD and T2DM.

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