A Head-to-Head Comparison of Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor and Aerosol Room Decontamination Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 831-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Holmdahl ◽  
P. Lanbeck ◽  
M. Wullt ◽  
M. H. Walder
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Cycle Time ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
The Other ◽  
Test Room ◽  
Cycle Times ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor ◽  
In Vitro Comparison

Objective.New technologies have emerged in recent years for the disinfection of hospital rooms and equipment that may not be disinfected adequately using conventional methods. There are several hydrogen peroxide–based area decontamination technologies on the market, but no head-to-head studies have been performed.Design.We conducted a head-to-head in vitro comparison of a hydrogen peroxide vapor (HPV) system (Bioquell) and an aerosolized hydrogen peroxide (aHP) system (Sterinis).Setting.The tests were conducted in a purpose-built 136-m3test room.Methods.One HPV generator and 2 aHP machines were used, following recommendations of the manufacturers. Three repeated tests were performed for each system. The microbiological efficacy of the 2 systems was tested using 6-log Tyvek-pouchedGeobacillus stearo-thermophilusbiological indicators (BIs). The indicators were placed at 20 locations in the first test and 14 locations in the subsequent 2 tests for each system.Results.All BIs were inactivated for the 3 HPV tests, compared with only 10% in the first aHP test and 79% in the other 2 aHP tests. The peak hydrogen peroxide concentration was 338 ppm for HPV and 160 ppm for aHP. The total cycle time (including aeration) was 3 and 3.5 hours for the 3 HPV tests and the 3 aHP tests, respectively. Monitoring around the perimeter of the enclosure with a handheld sensor during tests of both systems did not identify leakage.Conclusion.One HPV generator was more effective than 2 aHP machines for the inactivation ofG. stearothermophilusBIs, and cycle times were faster for the HPV system.

scholarly journals Compound Management Beyond Efficiency

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Burr ◽  
Toby Winchester ◽  
Wilma Keighley ◽  
Andreas Sewing
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Material Management ◽  
Cycle Times ◽  
External Vendors ◽  
Downstream Processes ◽  
The Impact

Codeveloping alongside chemistry and in vitro screening, compound management was one of the first areas in research recognizing the need for efficient processes and workflows. Material management groups have centralized, automated, miniaturized and, importantly, found out what not to do with compounds. While driving down cost and improving quality in storage and processing, researchers still face the challenge of interfacing optimally with changing business processes, in screening groups, and with external vendors and focusing on biologicals in many companies. Here we review our strategy to provide a seamless link between compound acquisition and screening operations and the impact of material management on quality of the downstream processes. Although this is driven in part by new technologies and improved quality control within material management, redefining team structures and roles also drives job satisfaction and motivation in our teams with a subsequent positive impact on cycle times and customer feedback.

scholarly journals Mycobacterium tuberculosis CDC1551 Is Resistant to Reactive Nitrogen and Oxygen Intermediates In Vitro

2002 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 3965-3968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia A. Firmani ◽  
Lee W. Riley
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reactive Nitrogen ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Intermediates ◽  
Oxygen Intermediates ◽  
Large Outbreak ◽  
Biological Phenotype ◽  
Reactive Nitrogen Intermediates

ABSTRACT Resistance to reactive oxygen intermediates and reactive nitrogen intermediates in vitro of a clinical isolate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (CDC1551) that caused a large outbreak of tuberculosis was compared to that of M. tuberculosis strains CB3.3, H37Rv, H37Ra, Erdman, RJ2E, C.C. 13, and C.C. 22 as well as M. bovis strains Ravenel and BCG. CDC1551 and CB3.3 were significantly more resistant to both hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and acidified sodium nitrite than were the other strains tested. This biological phenotype may serve as an in vitro marker for clinical strains of M. tuberculosis likely to cause a large outbreak of tuberculosis.

In vitro comparison of two different methods of cell washing

Perfusion ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Smith ◽  
W Riley ◽  
D FitzGerald
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cell Saver ◽  
Standard Cell ◽  
Cell Processor ◽  
Free Hemoglobin ◽  
Storage Lesion ◽  
In Vitro Comparison

The storage of red blood cells (RBC) results in increased concentrations of plasma free hemoglobin, potassium, glucose, and lactate, among other undesirable substances. These concentrations continue to increase as RBC products age and can cause deleterious effects to the patient. In the setting of cardiac surgery, the autotransfusion devices are routinely used to wash blood that is shed from the surgical site. These devices could also be used to wash stored RBC units obtained from the blood bank. The objective of this study was to compare the product created by washing a unit of RBCs with the AutoLog autotransfusion device in the operating room to the washed products from a standard cell washer in the blood bank. Eleven outdated RBC units (stored for >42 days at 4°C) were split in half. One half was washed using the Medtronic AutoLog device; the other half was washed using the blood bank’s Cobe 2991 Cell Processor. Analytes were measured on samples from the unwashed parent unit and from the washed daughter units. The parameters measured included hematocrit, free hemoglobin, lactate, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), potassium, glucose, and pH. When compared to the original untreated RBCs, the glucose, lactate, and potassium levels were decreased when washed in an autotranfusion device. Additionally, the free hemoglobin and LDH levels were significantly lower with the Medtronic Autolog cell saver than in the COBE 2991 Cell Processor. Washing the RBC donor units in an autotransfusion device prior to transfusion can effectively attenuate the increases seen in glucose, potassium, free hemoglobin, and LDH associated with RBC storage lesion.

scholarly journals Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide on the Antibacterial Substantivity of Chlorhexidine

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahriar Shahriari ◽  
Zahed Mohammadi ◽  
Mohammadi Mehdi Mokhtari ◽  
Rasoul Yousefi
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Colony Forming Units

The purpose of thisin vitrostudy was to assess the effect of hydrogen peroxide on the antibacterial substantivity of chlorhexidine (CHX). Seventy-five dentine tubes prepared from human maxillary central and lateral incisor teeth were used. After contamination withEnterococcus faecalisfor 14 days, the specimens were divided into five groups as follows: CHX, H2O2, CHX + H2O2, infected dentine tubes (positive control), and sterile dentine tubes (negative control). Dentine chips were collected with round burs into tryptic soy broth, and after culturing, the number of colony-forming units (CFU) was counted. The number of CFU was minimum in the first cultures in all experimental groups, and the results obtained were significantly different from each other at any time period (). At the first culture, the number of CFU in the CHX + H2O2group was lower than other two groups. At the other experimental periods, the CHX group showed the most effective antibacterial action (). Hydrogen peroxide group showed the worst result at all periods. In each group, the number of CFU increased significantly by time lapse (). In conclusion, H2O2had no additive effect on the residual antibacterial activity of CHX.

Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor: A Novel Method for the Environmental Control of Lactococcal Bacteriophage†

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONATHAN A. OTTER ◽  
ANDREA BUDDE-NIEKIEL
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Industrial Settings ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor

Bacteriophage contamination can be problematic, especially in industrial settings. We examined the in vitro efficacy of hydrogen peroxide vapor (HPV) for the inactivation of two lactococcal bacteriophages dried onto stainless steel discs. A more than 6-log reduction was achieved on both bacteriophages compared with unexposed controls by 50 min of HPV exposure in an isolator. HPV might be useful for the environmental control of bacteriophages.

In Vivo and In Vitro Comparison of Various Factor VIII Concentrates

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.M. Nilsson ◽  
U. Hedner
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Half Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crossed Immunoelectrophoresis ◽  
Factor Viii Concentrates ◽  
Fibrinogen Content ◽  
In Vivo Recovery ◽  
In Vitro Comparison

Five different factor VIII concentrates, AHF-Kabi(=fraction 1-0), Krynativ-Kabi(=cryoprecipitate), Hemofil-Hyland, AHF-Profilate-Abbott, Kryobulin-Immuno, available in Sweden for treatment of haemophiliacs were compared with respect to in vivo recovery of F VIII:C and survival time and in vitro properties. The parameters studied were F VIII:C, F VIIIR:AG, crossed Immunoelectrophoresis, F VIII:Rcof, fibrinogen content and F XIII activity. All the preparations had higher values for F VIIIR:AG than for F VIII:C. The quotient was highest for Hemofil, Krynativ-Kabi and Kryobulin and varied between 4 and 7. The lowest quotient, 1.3 to 4, showed AHF-Kabi. The units of F VIII:Rcof were almost the same as the units of F VIII:C. AHF-Kabi had the highest fibrinogen content and was the only preparation with high amounts of F XIII. In cross Immunoelectrophoresis AHF-Kabi showed a similar pattern to that of normal plasma. The other preparation had a different pattern suggesting less hetero-genicity of the molecule. The in vivo recovery was about the same for all the concentrates but AHF-Kabi had a significantly longer half-life (18-26 hrs); the corresponding figures for Hemofil were 8-16 hrs when given to the same patients. Only AHF-Kabi was able to completely normalize the defect in von Willebrand’s disease.

Comparison of the Microbiological Efficacy of Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor and Ultraviolet Light Processes for Room Decontamination

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Havill ◽  
Brent A. Moore ◽  
John M. Boyce
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Geobacillus Stearothermophilus ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Cycle ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor

Objective.To compare the microbiological efficacy of hydrogen peroxide vapor (HPV) and ultraviolet radiation (UVC) for room decontamination.Design.Prospective observational study.Setting.500-bed teaching hospital.Methods.HPV and UVC processes were performed in 15 patient rooms. Five high-touch sites were sampled before and after the processes and aerobic colony counts (ACCs) were determined. Carrier disks with ~106Clostridium difficile (CD) spores and biological indicators (BIs) with 104 and 106Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores were placed in 5 sites before decontamination. After decontamination, CD log reductions were determined and BIs were recorded as growth or no growth.Results.93% of ACC samples that had growth before HPV did not have growth after HPV, whereas 52% of sites that had growth before UVC did not have growth after UVC (P < .0001). The mean CD log reduction was >6 for HPV and ~2 for UVC. After HPV 100% of the 104 BIs did not grow, and 22% did not grow after UVC, with a range of 7%–53% for the 5 sites. For the 106 BIs, 99% did not grow after HPV and 0% did not grow after UVC. Sites out of direct line of sight were significantly more likely to show growth after UVC than after HPV. Mean cycle time was 153 (range, 140–177) min for HPV and 73 (range, 39–100) min for UVC (P < .0001).Conclusion.Both HPV and UVC reduce bacterial contamination, including spores, in patient rooms, but HPV is significantly more effective. UVC is significantly less effective for sites that are out of direct line of sight.

In vitro comparison of the locking loop and continuous cruciate suture patterns

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Radlinsky ◽  
W. C. Renberg
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Maximum Strength ◽  
Loop Pattern ◽  
Cadaver Dogs ◽  
Suture Patterns ◽  
In Vitro Comparison

SummaryThis study was undertaken to test anew suture pattern. Tenorrhaphy wasperformed on 23 pairs of canine deepgluteal tendons. One tendon in eachpair was repaired using a locking loopsuture pattern while the other wasrepaired using a novel continuouscruciate pattern. The tendons weredistracted in a mechanical testing apparatusat a rate of 50 cm/min. Strength atfailure, energy absorbed at failure, andmode of failure were recorded andcompared. The continuous cruciatepattern was stronger at failure andabsorbed greater energy at failure thanthe locking loop pattern. This studyindicated that the continuous cruciatepattern can be used clinically with theknowledge that its strength characteristicsexceed those of the locking looppattern.A new suture pattern was tested in deep gluteal tendons from cadaver dogs. The continuous cruciate suture pattern was found to be significantly stronger than the locking loop pattern in maximum strength and energy absorbed at failure in canine deep gluteal tendons.

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