scholarly journals Bioimpedance plethysmography with capacitive electrodes and sole force sensors: comparative trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2008 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
Isabel Morales ◽  
Rafael González-Landaeta ◽  
Franco Simini
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Comparative Trial ◽  
Pulse Signal ◽  
Impedance Plethysmography ◽  
Capacitive Coupling ◽  
Force Sensing ◽  
Force Sensors ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Cardiac Pulse ◽  
Contact Electrodes

Abstract Foot impedance plethysmography was implemented using two types of electrodes (dry and capacitive) and sole force sensors. The latter are commonly used for assessing diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). For impedance plethysmography, a tetrapolar configuration has been used with three different plantar setups: four skin contact electrodes, four capacitive contact electrodes and two Force Sensing Resistors (FSRs). In this work, FSRs have been considered as possible capacitive electrodes because the top substrate contains interdigitating conductive electrodes and a semiconductive polymer. All the measurements have been performed using a 1 mA/10 kHz excitation current and have been tried under the feet of a standing person to detect impedance plethysmography signals. Contact electrodes allow a good cardiac pulse signal while capacitive contact through the socks features mains interferences. Force sensing resistors with their force-dependent resistance in parallel to the capacitive coupling, were not able to detect cardiac pulse. But promising results can be anticipated from these findings provided higher frequencies are used and larger sensor areas to help detect altered skin states in diabetic foot.

Design and Development of a 2-DOF Miniature Force Sensor for Surgical Procedures

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
U-Xuan Tan ◽  
Jaydev P. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Force Sensing ◽  
Force Sensors ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Tissue Interaction ◽  
Percutaneous Procedures ◽  
Surgical Tool ◽  
Microfabrication Technique

Force sensing is an important component for a number of surgical procedures as it can help to prevent undesirable damage to the tissue and at the same time provides the surgeons with a better “feel” of the tool-tissue interaction. However, most of the current commercially available multi-DOF force sensors are relatively large in size and it is a challenge to incorporate them into the surgical tool. Hence, a multi-DOF miniature force sensor is desired and this paper presents the design and development of a miniature 2-DOF force sensor. In order to achieve a miniature force sensor, microfabrication technique is used and the proposed force sensor is a capacitive-based sensor. The proposed force sensor can be used in a number of percutaneous procedures as well as catheter-based procedures. This paper presents the design and microfabrication process of the proposed miniature force sensor.

scholarly journals Anisotropy in mechanical unfolding of protein upon partner-assisted pulling and handle-assisted pulling

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Arora ◽  
Jagadish Prasad Hazra ◽  
Sabyasachi Rakshit
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Dynamic Network ◽  
Force Sensing ◽  
Force Sensors ◽  
Mechanical Responses ◽  
End To End ◽  
Potential Energy Landscapes ◽  
Cadherin 23

AbstractProteins as force-sensors respond to mechanical cues and regulate signaling in physiology. Proteins commonly connect the source and response points of mechanical cues in two conformations, independent proteins in end-to-end geometry and protein complexes in handshake geometry. The force-responsive property of independent proteins in end-to-end geometry is studied extensively using single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS). The physiological significance of the complex conformations in force-sensing is often disregarded as mere surge protectors. However, with the potential of force-steering, protein complexes possess a distinct mechano-responsive property over individual force-sensors. To decipher, we choose a force-sensing protein, cadherin-23, from tip-link complex and perform SMFS using end-to-end geometry and handshake complex geometry. We measure higher force-resilience of cadherin-23 with preferential shorter extensions in handshake mode of pulling over the direct mode. The handshake geometry drives the force-response of cadherin-23 through different potential-energy landscapes than direct pulling. Analysis of the dynamic network structure of cadherin-23 under tension indicates narrow force-distributions among residues in cadherin-23 in direct pulling, resulting in low force-dissipation paths and low resilience to force. Overall, the distinct and superior mechanical responses of cadherin-23 in handshake geometry than single protein geometry highlight a probable evolutionary drive of protein-protein complexes as force-conveyors over independent ones.

scholarly journals Antibiotics Versus Conservative Surgery for Treating Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis: A Randomized Comparative Trial

Diabetes Care ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 789-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Lázaro-Martínez ◽  
Javier Aragón-Sánchez ◽  
Esther García-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Comparative Trial ◽  
Conservative Surgery ◽  
Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis

Force sensing and its application in minimally invasive surgery and therapy: A survey

2010 ◽  
Vol 224 (7) ◽  
pp. 1435-1454 ◽  
Author(s):  
A L Trejos ◽  
R V Patel ◽  
M D Naish
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive Surgery ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Invasive Surgery ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Force Sensing ◽  
Force Sensors ◽  
Haptic Information ◽  
The Impact

The reduced access conditions of minimally invasive surgery and therapy (MIST) impair or completely eliminate the feel of tool—tissue interaction forces. Many researchers have been working actively on the development of force sensors and sensing techniques to address this problem. The goal of this survey article is to summarize the state of the art in force sensing techniques for medical interventions in order to identify existing limitations and future directions. A literature search was performed from January to July 2009 using a combination of keywords relevant to the area, including force, sensor, sensing, haptics, and minimally invasive surgery. The literature search resulted in 126 articles with valuable content. This article presents a summary of the force sensing technologies, design specifications for force sensors in clinical applications, force sensors and sensing instruments that have been developed for MIST, and the experiments performed to determine the need for force information. Open areas of research include force sensor design, development of alternative methods of sensing, assessment of the impact of force information on performance, determination of the benefits of haptic information, and evaluation of the human factors involved in the processing and use of force information.

Skin contact electrodes for medical applications

The Analyst ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian R. Eggins
Keyword(s):  
Medical Applications ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Contact Electrodes

scholarly journals Motion artifacts reduction in cardiac pulse signal acquired from video imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 5687
Author(s):  
Murthad Al-Yoonus ◽  
Mustafa H. Alhabib ◽  
Mustafa Zuhaer Nayef Al-Dabagh ◽  
M. F. L. Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Classical Method ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Pulse Signal ◽  
Motion Artifacts ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Clinical Environments ◽  
Artifacts Reduction ◽  
Cardiac Pulse

This study examines the possibility of remotely measuring the cardiac pulse activity of a patient, which could be an alternative technique to the classical method. This type of measurement is non-invasive. However, several limitations may deteriorate the accuracy of the results, including changes in ambient illumination, motion artifacts (MA) and other interferences that may occur through video recording. The paper in hand presents a new approach as a remedy for the aforementioned problem in cardiac pulse signals extracted from facial video recordings. Partitioning provides the basis for the presented MA reduction method; the acquired signals are partitioned into two sets for each second and every partition is shifted to the mean level and then all the partitions are recombined again into one signal, which is followed by low-pass filtering for enhancement. The proposed compared with ordinary pulse oximetry Photoplethysmographic (PPG) method. The resulted correlation coefficient was found (0.957) when calculated between the results of the proposed method and the ordinary one. Experiments were implemented using a common camera by creating a dataset from 11 subjects. The ease of implementation of this method with a simple that can be used to monitor the cardiac pulse rates in both home and the clinical environments.

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