Design and construction of hardware and software for autonomous observations of Transient Luminous Events

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. T12016
Author(s):  
S. Amrich ◽  
Š. Mackovjak ◽  
I. Strhárský ◽  
J. Baláž ◽  
M. Hančikovský
Keyword(s):  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Astronomical Observatory ◽  
Uniform Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cmos Camera ◽  
Small Power ◽  
Power Efficient ◽  
Transient Luminous Events ◽  
Observation Network ◽  
Design And Construction

Abstract Transient luminous events (TLE) are phenomena which are currently on the rise in terms of sightings. However, there is no widespread uniform method of their observation and subsequent image processing. Therefore, our project focuses on the design and construction of hardware that can record TLE. It consists of a low gain, colour, CMOS camera with a bright, wide lens connected to a small, power-efficient single board computer. The project also includes writing software to control the hardware. The software decides whether to capture or not and at what orientation there is the biggest chance to capture a TLE. The software can process and classify the created photos based on deep neural networks. As a final product, we have developed the whole apparatus from a hardware and software point of view and installed it at the Astronomical Observatory at Kolonica Saddle in Slovakia, Central Europe. The plan for the future is to make similar apparatuses to spread the observation network.

scholarly journals Energy Harvesting towards Self-Powered IoT Devices

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5528
Author(s):  
Hassan Elahi ◽  
Khushboo Munir ◽  
Marco Eugeni ◽  
Sofiane Atek ◽  
Paolo Gaudenzi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Power Management ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
Power Efficient ◽  
Iot Devices

The internet of things (IoT) manages a large infrastructure of web-enabled smart devices, small devices that use embedded systems, such as processors, sensors, and communication hardware to collect, send, and elaborate on data acquired from their environment. Thus, from a practical point of view, such devices are composed of power-efficient storage, scalable, and lightweight nodes needing power and batteries to operate. From the above reason, it appears clear that energy harvesting plays an important role in increasing the efficiency and lifetime of IoT devices. Moreover, from acquiring energy by the surrounding operational environment, energy harvesting is important to make the IoT device network more sustainable from the environmental point of view. Different state-of-the-art energy harvesters based on mechanical, aeroelastic, wind, solar, radiofrequency, and pyroelectric mechanisms are discussed in this review article. To reduce the power consumption of the batteries, a vital role is played by power management integrated circuits (PMICs), which help to enhance the system’s life span. Moreover, PMICs from different manufacturers that provide power management to IoT devices have been discussed in this paper. Furthermore, the energy harvesting networks can expose themselves to prominent security issues putting the secrecy of the system to risk. These possible attacks are also discussed in this review article.

scholarly journals Obstacles and benefits of the implementation of a reduced rank smoother with a high resolution model of the Atlantic ocean

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1187-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Freychet ◽  
E. Cosme ◽  
P. Brasseur ◽  
J.-M. Brankart ◽  
E. Kpemlie
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Optimal Interpolation ◽  
The North ◽  
Observation Network ◽  
North Brazil ◽  
Resolution Model

Abstract. Most of oceanographic operational centers use three-dimensional data assimilation schemes to produce reanalyses. We investigate here the benefits of a smoother, i.e. a four-dimensional formulation of statistical assimilation. A square-root sequential smoother is implemented with a tropical Atlantic ocean circulation model. A simple twin experiment is performed to investigate its benefits, compared to its corresponding filter. Results show that the smoother leads to a better estimation of the ocean state, both on statistical (i.e. mean error level) and dynamical point of view. Smoothed states are more in phase with the dynamics of the reference state, an aspect that is nicely illustrated with the chaotic dynamics of the north-Brazil rings. We also show that the smoother efficiency is strongly related to the filter configuration. One of the main obstacles to implement the smoother is then to accurately estimate the error covariances of the filter. Considering this, benefits of the smoother are also investigated with a configuration close to situations that can be managed by operational centers systems, where covariances matrices are fixed (optimal interpolation). We define here a simplified smoother scheme, called half-fixed basis smoother, that could be implemented with current reanalysis schemes. Its main assumption is to neglect the propagation of the error covariances matrix, what leads to strongly reduce the cost of assimilation. Results illustrate the ability of this smoother to provide a solution more consistent with the dynamics, compared to the filter. The smoother is also able to produce analyses independently of the observation frequency, so the smoothed solution appears more continuous in time, especially in case of a low frenquency observation network.

scholarly journals An overview and a WBS template for construction planning of mid-rise buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Pierre Lukongo Ngenge ◽  
Fatemeh Nouban
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Construction Planning ◽  
Work Breakdown Structure ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Construction Step ◽  
Period Estimation ◽  
Proper Performance ◽  
Design And Construction

The construction of small houses was started many years before Christ, and the development of this field has led many architects and engineers to a higher level of buildings. Mainly the buildings in terms of height are classified into three types: low-, medium- and high-rise buildings. In this particular study, medium or med-rise buildings are investigated. Reaching the fully finished building stage is not easy, and it requires many steps. Taking into account the step-by-step tasks for proper performance completion, economical point of view, performance period estimation and other considerations, it is essential to organise (plan) the work before it starts accurately; that is why a work breakdown structure (WBS) template is vital in the planning, design and construction of buildings. In this paper, an overview and a WBS template for construction planning of the med-rise buildings are submitted. It was seen that for the successful construction of a mid-rise building, 14 steps are required prior completion, and among all steps, construction step takes more time for completion.

scholarly journals Power-Efficient Deep Neural Networks with Noisy Memristor Implementation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Dupraz ◽  
Lav R. Varshney ◽  
Francois Leduc-Primeau
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Power Efficient

scholarly journals Modern preschool building: design and construction practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 03030
Author(s):  
Natalia Norina ◽  
Svetlana Golovina ◽  
Veniamin Norin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Educational Establishment ◽  
The City ◽  
Construction Practice ◽  
Design And Construction

The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the design solution of the building of a preschool educational establishment in the city of Guastalla (Italy) with the aim of the possibility of adapting such a project to the conditions of Russian cities. A set of basic requirements for preschool buildings according to Russian building codes and rules is presented. They are grouped into four main groups: compliance with sanitary- hygienic and psychological requirements, safety, durability, cost-effectiveness, good appearance. A detailed analysis of the structural design of buildings based on a glued laminated frame with curved sections is presented from an environmental point of view. The conclusion is made about the inadmissibility of the use of glued laminated frames as a structural element of the preschool buildings. It is emphasized that the preschool building must in a special way satisfy the physiological needs of a small person. If this requirement is not met, no other advantages of the building will make it suitable for a comfortable and safe stay of children. The paper also presents a comparison of the development trends in the architecture of modern preschool buildings in the Russian and foreign practice of design and construction.

Test Stand for Durability Tests of Rotating Elements of Office Chairs

2014 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Zbrowski ◽  
Krzysztof Matecki
Keyword(s):  
Test Stand ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Static Loads ◽  
Certification Tests ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Present Test ◽  
Normative Requirements ◽  
Design And Construction

This paper presents the purpose, concept, principles of functioning, design and construction of a stand intended for testing the durability of rotational elements of office chairs. It shows the use of the stand for certification tests in accordance with the PN-EN 1335:2009 standard. It also discusses how tests on swivelling and the durability of wheels and the base of office chairs should be conducted using the developed stand. The authors present test conditions and discuss the instrumentation necessary to induce static loads during the investigations. They also identify the possibilities to perform other tests on the stand by introducing to the existing research instruments additional instrumentation necessary from the point of view of the above listed standard. The possibility of adjusting the stand to the prospective changes in normative requirements and the needs of individual users are also described.

ON THE POWER EFFICIENCY OF CASCODE COMPENSATION OVER MILLER COMPENSATION IN TWO-STAGE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAMED AMINZADEH ◽  
REZA LOTFI
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Operational Amplifiers ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Power Efficient ◽  
Miller Compensation ◽  
Function Zeros ◽  
Design Challenges

Optimization of power consumption is one of the main design challenges in today's low-power high-speed analog integrated circuits. In this paper, two popular techniques to stabilize two-stage operational amplifiers, namely, Miller and cascode compensations are compared from power efficiency point of view. To accomplish this, cascode-compensated topologies are basically analyzed to derive the required equations for the comparison. In the analysis, a new method to take into account the effect of transfer function zeros is proposed. By assuming that the zeros' magnitudes are fairly nondominant, the method increases the accuracy of the analyses. The relationships show that for the same specifications, cascode compensation is more power-efficient than Miller compensation, especially for heavy capacitive loads. This has been confirmed by SPICE simulations.

DISTRIBUTED SPANNERS WITH BOUNDED DEGREE FOR WIRELESS AD HOC NETWORKS

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 183-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
YU WANG ◽  
XIANG-YANG LI ◽  
OPHIR FRIEDER
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Unit Disk ◽  
Wireless Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Unit Disk Graph ◽  
Bounded Degree ◽  
Small Power ◽  
Power Efficient ◽  
Stretch Factor ◽  
Hoc Networks

In this paper, we review some new distributed algorithms that construct sparse subgraphs with bounded degree of the unit disk graph efficiently for wireless ad hoc networks. They maintain a linear number of links while still preserving power-efficient routes for any pair of nodes. It was open whether the Yao plus reverse Yao graph and the symmetric Yao graph are spanners. We show that the Yao plus reverse Yao graph has a bounded power stretch factor 2 in civilized unit disk graph. In addition, we review a recent example by M. Grünewald et al. [6] to show that the symmetric Yao graph does not have a constant bounded stretch factor. Finally, we conduct simulations to study the practical performances of these structures. All structures have small power stretch factors for randomly generated unit disk graphs in our experiments.

Preservation of the Large Timber Roof of the Porta Nuova Railway Station in Torino

2013 ◽  
Vol 778 ◽  
pp. 951-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Bertolini-Cestari ◽  
Stefano Invernizzi ◽  
Tanja Marzi ◽  
Steni Rolla
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Timber Structure ◽  
Structural Assessment ◽  
Railway Station ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Maintenance Program ◽  
Bearing Structure ◽  
Important Structure ◽  
Design And Construction

Torino, in 1861, was the first capital of the just unified Reign of Italy. In the same year, Eng. A. Mazzucchetti was charged for the design of the railway station of Porta Nuova in Torino, in correspondence of the arrival of the railway connecting Genova. The original conception resembles the bilateral scheme of the King Cross station in London, which is few years older. The design and construction of the station deserved contributions from the most outstanding scientists of that time, including R. Sephenson who provided the details of the lateral roof structures of the station, and the young Eng. A. Castigliano who defended his thesis on the design of the great steel vault above the rails. The two main branches were conceived with masonry bearing structure and a wide span timber roof covered with stone plates. The station, during the years, was object of several interventions, including restorations, dismantling of parts, and changes in the destination of use. Nowadays, the roof structure needs for important maintenance interventions due to the water leaking which caused the deterioration of the beneath timber structure. The present holders are considering the replacement of the entire roof. This solution is not respectful for conservation criteria, nor is affordable from an economical point of view. The present study describes the correct and sustainable approach for the structural assessment, restoration and maintenance program for the preservation of this important structure belonging to cultural heritage.

scholarly journals Detection of eye contact with deep neural networks is as accurate as human experts

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunji Chong ◽  
Elysha Clark-Whitney ◽  
Audrey Southerland ◽  
Elizabeth Stubbs ◽  
Chanel Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Deep Neural Network ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Gaze Behavior ◽  
Convolutional Network ◽  
Primary Means

AbstractEye contact is among the most primary means of social communication used by humans. Quantification of eye contact is valuable as a part of the analysis of social roles and communication skills, and for clinical screening. Estimating a subject’s looking direction is a challenging task, but eye contact can be effectively captured by a wearable point-of-view camera which provides a unique viewpoint. While moments of eye contact from this viewpoint can be hand-coded, such a process tends to be laborious and subjective. In this work, we develop a deep neural network model to automatically detect eye contact in egocentric video. It is the first to achieve accuracy equivalent to that of human experts. We train a deep convolutional network using a dataset of 4,339,879 annotated images, consisting of 103 subjects with diverse demographic backgrounds. 57 subjects have a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder. The network achieves overall precision of 0.936 and recall of 0.943 on 18 validation subjects, and its performance is on par with 10 trained human coders with a mean precision 0.918 and recall 0.946. Our method will be instrumental in gaze behavior analysis by serving as a scalable, objective, and accessible tool for clinicians and researchers.

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