scholarly journals Quality and benefits of good agricultural practice method on choy sum cultivation in northern Cambodia

2021 ◽  
Vol 892 (1) ◽  
pp. 012046
Author(s):  
V Teck ◽  
H Tann ◽  
A Meas ◽  
S Leng ◽  
R Chea
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Good Agricultural Practice

Abstract Choy sum (Brassica chinensis var. parachinensis) is one of the important green leafy vegetable crops widely produced and consumed in Cambodia. Most of the farmers practically use chemical inputs to increase their choy sum’s yield, yet negatively affecting consumers’ health. Accordingly, assuring food safety and higher yield of choy sum are essential for sustainable economic growth and development in Cambodia. In this study, we aimed to investigate the quality and benefits of choy sum cultivation using good agricultural practice (GAP) over the organic farming systems in northern Cambodia; where growth rate, yield and economic efficiency of choy sum crop were assessed. Completely randomized design was employed on three treatments (non-treated control, organic method, and GAP), while classical statistical tests were used to examine the difference of quality and benefits between the treatments. As a result, cultivation technique-GAP method provided a better growth rate, yield, and economic profitability than other treatments. Thus, GAP method’s application is recommended for choy sum crop production and other potential green leafy crops. These findings provided more concrete evidence on financial benefits and quality of production of the GAP method on leafy plant growth (choy sum). Therefore, agricultural extension using GAP method would be a good technique to promote agricultural value chain, while improving food safety and livelihoods of Cambodian farmers.

scholarly journals HACCP Plan and Adoption of HACCP Metasystem in the Tea Industries of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
I. Ahmad ◽  
R. S. Chowdhury ◽  
Rayhan Uddin ◽  
A. Shakawat ◽  
W. U. Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Critical Control Points ◽  
Processing Step ◽  
Good Agricultural Practice ◽  
Biological Hazard ◽  
Physical Hazard

HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) metasystem is a concept not much familiar to the tea industries of Bangladesh. This study was conducted to investigate the issue of food safety through HACCP metasystem and conduct a hazard analysis to make a comprehensive model of HACCP plan for the tea industries of Bangladesh. Both qualitative and quantitative data analysis was used to determine the CCPs (Critical Control Points) or OPRPs (Operational Pre-Requisite Programs) and design a HACCP plan through risk assessment and seven logical approaches. Two OPRPs and CCPs were determined. The derived CCPs were the biological hazard in the cultivation stage and the physical hazard in the processing step namely CTC (Crush, Tear and Curl) and Googy shifter step. The biological hazard in the cultivation stage can be controlled by proper application of GAP (Good Agricultural Practice) while the physical hazard can be controlled in the processing step by proper maintenance of the magnetic arrestor. Considering the benefits and constraints, standard processing procedures and guarantees of food safety of tea as well as to stay in the competitive global market the tea industries should adopt HACCP metasystem.

scholarly journals Demand Driven Common Bean Variety Development and Promotion for Enhanced Productivity and Production

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Berhanu Amsalu Fenta ◽  
Kassay Negash ◽  
Kidane Tumssa ◽  
Tigist Shiferaw ◽  
Dagmawit Tsegaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Bean Variety ◽  
Good Agricultural Practice ◽  
Variety Selection

Common bean research program of Ethiopia aimed at development of demanded variety for enhanced adoption, improve food and nutrition security as well as to boost income of smallholder farmers thereby enhancing foreign earnings of the country. To achieve these aim, the breeding program use different strategies. These incudes, importing demanded variety and fast-track testing release, introducing bean germplasm and release stable variety and participatory variety selection for incorporating growers traits on variety selection. Accordingly, bean improvement program selected six major bean products that includes, small/large white beans, speckled bean, small/large reds and mottled beans. During variety selection stakeholders’ choice and trait of preference has been incorporated during interactive consultative forums of the value chain actor at bean innovation multi-stakeholder platform. Apart from bean variety development, integrated crop management technologies has been developed to implement good agricultural practice. To facilitate common variety adoption, bean seed system have been enhanced through integration of early generation seed production with formal and informal seed production of public and private seed producers. These efforts has enhanced transformed productivity from 0.7 to 1.5 t/ha and area expanded from 150,000 ha to 520,121 ha and total production up to 568,243 t. Due to this fact bean export has been increased up to 100–150 million USD per annum. Generally, the demand led breeding and value chain approach, synergetic and innovative technology generation and promotion has transformed bean productivity, area produced and market; consecutively livelihood of growers and income of the country has been enhanced.

scholarly journals The Constrains Affecting Competitiveness of Emerging Household Citrus Farmers in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Teboho D. Manenzhe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Good Agricultural Practice ◽  
Practice Standards ◽  
Farming Households

This study looked at the constrains affecting competitiveness on emerging citrus household farmers using primary data collected from a convenience sample of 150 emerging farming households in Nelspruit and Onderberg citrus administration regions of Ehlanzeni District Municipality of South Africa. The results showed that tertiary education and farming models influenced farming households to produce good quality citrus fruit and access both export and local fruit markets. In addition, study results indicated that other household socioeconomic constraints such as gender, age, training, business plan, water, input costs, barriers to engaging in farming on a commercial level, food safety, and good agricultural practice standards, and lack of title deed had a negative influence on the competitiveness of emerging household farmers in the study area. Policies that encourage a regular visit to farmers to follow up on the compliance of food safety and good agricultural practice standards by CGA advisors and agricultural extensionists are recommended for increased compliance.

Hydroponics “Soilless Farming”: The Future of Food and Agriculture – A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roukaya Ghorbel ◽  
Jamel Chakchak ◽  
Hatice Basmacıoğlu Malayoğlu ◽  
Numan S. Çetin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
World Population ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Irrigation Water Use

It is estimated that the global population will reach approximately 10 billion people by 2050 and 66% of the world population will live in urban areas. This growth in cities creates demand for fresh products to maintain a healthy population, a product that often exposed to a long journey to reach the consumer, not only losing quality and nutritive value in the process, but also requiring a significant cost of fossil fuel for transportation and storage. However, the world’s agricultural land among being limited, is also facing major problems such as pollution, salinization and drought that do not favor crop production. The need for food security has paved the way for landless agriculture, becoming more popular in the urban area and becoming a part of urban farming. This article aims to examine hydroponic technologies to help expand the knowledge of their application in terms of science, origin, dynamics and farming systems. Among the benefits of soilless cultures; reservation of cultivated land for main crops; saving at least 90% of irrigation water; use of almost constant amount of recycled water; successfully growing almost every vegetable crops and having highest productivity compared to conventional agriculture. Therefore, it is an indispensable solution in areas where arable land is not available or in saline-prone areas, in short, wherever there is competition for land and water. The purpose of this study is an overview of soilless farming systems, explaining the most widely used hydroponic system, the importance of water quality, nutrient content, grown crops and ultimately cost benefit in terms of economics.

‘Good Agricultural Practices’ in the Agri-Food Supply Chain

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Burrell
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Food Supply Chain ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Good Agricultural Practice ◽  
Import Restrictions ◽  
Legal Frameworks

Criteria defining ‘good agricultural practice’ (GAP) were originally developed for on-farm production methods and resource use. For a decade, GAP principles have been applied throughout the entire agri-food supply chain by organisations promoting voluntary private standard (PS) schemes. Although the stated aim of such schemes is to provide consumers with guarantees of food safety and quality, they are strongly driven by the desire to reduce transaction costs within the chain and to limit the legal liability of chain operators and retailers in the wake of food safety lapses. They raise issues concerning their compatibility with the polluter pays principle, the legitimacy of the standard-setting process, potential duplication of the safeguards enshrined in public legislation, and the extent to which they erect barriers to market entry and impede competition. The extension of voluntary PS schemes to global food chains raises further questions about their compatibility with sustainable development goals and with WTO rules regarding import restrictions based on production methods. Current challenges include the operational coexistence of mandatory public standards and voluntary private standards in the agri-food arena, and how they might be better harmonised within national and international legal frameworks.

Compliance with GLOBALGAP standards among smallholder pineapple farmers in Akuapem-South, Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baah Prince Annor ◽  
Akwasi Mensah-Bonsu ◽  
John Baptist D. Jatoe
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Good Agricultural Practice ◽  
Food Safety Standards

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the adherence, constraints and key factors associated with smallholder pineapple farmers’ compliance with Global working group for Good Agricultural Practice (GLOBALGAP) standards in the Akuapem-South Municipal area, Ghana. It utilizes the modeling of socio-economic, farm, market and institutional factors influencing smallholder farmers’ compliance with GLOBALGAP standards. This paper aims to enhance smallholder farmers’ compliance with food safety standards in particular GLOBALGAP so they can continue to participate in international food trade. Design/methodology/approach – The study uses mainly primary data solicited from 150 randomly selected smallholder farmers. Descriptive statistics are employed in estimating compliant farmers’ rate of adherence with standards requirements and identifying constraints of farmers while a probit regression model is used to determine the factors influencing GLOBALGAP compliance decision of farmers. Findings – Findings of the study show that compliant farmers’ rate of adherence with the standard is about 90 percent and this is below the minor musts compliance criteria of 95 percent. The results also indicate that lack of access to farm credits, high cost of farm inputs and high cost of labor are the major constraints to GLOBALGAP compliance. Factors found to positively influence farmers’ compliance decision are number of pineapple farms, access to off-farm income, access to market information and extension services. However, compliance is negatively influenced by age. Research limitations/implications – Majority of Ghanaian smallholder pineapple farmers are not GLOBALGAP certified. The study was limited to Akuapem-South because most farmers produce pineapple for the export market and are certified under the Option II GLOBALGAP group certification. Originality/value – This paper brings to bear issues confronting food safety standards compliance among smallholder farmers in developing countries, particularly Ghana.

Effect of maintenance liming with olivine, dolomite and calcite on growing-season N2O emissions in an arable soil of SE Norway

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodora Todorcic Vekic ◽  
Lars Bakken ◽  
Peter Dörsch
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Mitigation Potential ◽  
Good Agricultural Practice ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Se Norway ◽  
Ph Management

<p> </p><p>There is growing evidence that liming reduces the magnitude of N2O emissions in acidic soils. Here we report N2O emissions from a liming experiment with olivine, dolomite and calcite and of maintenance liming with the same materials in clay loam soil at Norwegian University of Life Sciences research farm. The field was bulk limed in 2014 and monitored for N2O fluxes by an autonomous filed flux robot (FFR). Over the course of four years, the fluxes varied but showed a potential of lime as a mitigation tool, with calcareous treatments (dolomite and calcite) displaying a clear decline in N2O emissions compared to unamended plots. To explore the effect of maintenance liming, subplots were maintenance limed and compared with bulk limed controls after sowing the field to winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in summer and fertilizing with 50 kg NPK-N.</p><p>Growing-season N2O emissions (June-September) in maintenance limed dolomite plots were on average 26% lower than bulk limed plots and the corresponding reduction in calcite plots was 16%. There was no effect of maintenance liming in the olivine treatment. N2O emissions decreased in the order unlimed control > olivine > dolomite > calcite, covering a pH<sub>CaCl</sub><sub>2</sub> range of 4.9 to 6.5.</p><p>Our results suggest that maintenance liming, as a component of good agricultural practice, is important to maintain the N2O reducing effect of liming over time. However, the amount of CO2 released by the dissolution of lime should be investigated in order to fully explore the mitigation potential of soil pH management in crop production.</p>

scholarly journals Energy Budget of Crops and Weed Management to Enhance Crop Productivity in Cold Arid Ladakh Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
M. S. Raghuvanshi ◽  
J. C. Tewari ◽  
Kamlesh Pareek ◽  
Stanzin Landol ◽  
Mohd. Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Energy Unit

<p>Small scale agriculture is still the predominant characteristic of the Ladakh. It still has a great role in the economy. The region produces barley, wheat, vegetables and also involved in rearing livestock. The farming systems are unique and adapted to the harsh environmental conditions of Ladakh. Currently, the largest commercial agricultural produce is vegetable, which is sold in large quantity to defence establishments and as well as in the local market. It was recorded that production remains mainly in the hands of small land owners. In all the surveyed villages, majority of area (75%) is under vegetable crops as compared to cereals such as wheat and barley (25%). Efforts/ energy (unit in each case= value X 105 k cal/ha/year) being put to grow vegetables are significantly higher than the total output and the situation is just reverse in case of cereals. Survey revealed the need of small scale interventions including scientific weed management. From total energy point of view, staple crop production was found to be energy efficient. Even though subsistence-oriented production remains the economic mainstay, livelihood strategies have diversified in the light of growing geostrategic relevance and significant socio-economic changes.</p>

scholarly journals Examinations of potential environmental friendly materials against tomato and pepper patogens

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tóbiás ◽  
J. Lehoczki-Tornai ◽  
Z. Szalai ◽  
L. Csambalik ◽  
A. Ferenczy
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Germination Ability ◽  
Wine Vinegar ◽  
Good Agricultural Practice

In organic farming systems the focus is on prevention with regards to plant protection. To follow the rules of Good Agricultural Practice one is able to avoid serious yield losses; if it is not possible the use of allowed materials are permitted. Organic farmers have less material to protect their plants so it is necessary to find effective potential materials. Bacterial and fungal diseases of tomato and pepper can cause serious losses in yield. Different materials were tested against some plant pathogen bacterial (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria and fungal (Phytoptora infestans, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotium) strains in order to find potential materials in the field of organic seed treatment. In vitro trials have shown that vinegar, cider vinegar, red wine vinegar, white wine vinegar, cinnamon and thyme oil have inhibiting effect against the causative agent of bacteria and fungi. Germination test has shown that examined vinegar types do not decrease germination ability if the concentration is low, but in higher (more than 5%) concentration it ruins the germination ability. Even in 0,5% concentration of red — and white vine vinegar have good effect on germination capacity.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Padat Tebar Ikan Lele Terhadap Laju Pertumbuhan Dan Survival Rate Pada Sistem Akuaponik [ The Effect Of Stocking Density On Survival Rate And Grow Rate Of Aquaponic System]

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Ongky Wijaya, Boedi Setya Rahardja, Prayogo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Range Test

Abstract Increasing consumption of catfish and dairy products encourage increased domestic production of catfish. During the period of 5 years (2005-2009), catfish production has been increased significantly with an average annual growth reached 32%. In 2008 production reached 114.371 tonnes and in 2009 production increased by almost 75% to about 200 thousand tons. Aquaponic is a bio-integration that links recirculating aquaculture principles to the production of crops / vegetables hydroponically (Diver, 2006). Aquaponic technology has proven to successfully produce an optimal fish on less land and limited water resources, including in urban areas (Ahmad, 2007). This study aims to find out the influences of catfish stocking density difference on the growth rate and survival rate of catfish on aquaponic. The experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD). Analysis of the data processed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to know whether there is influance the growth rate and survival rate between the treatment given. If there are significantly difference then proceed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Based on the research obtained the result that there are significant differences in the survival rate (p> 0.01) and there is a significant difference to the rate of growth (p> 0,01). From the results of statistical tests that have been done show that the highest survival rate is in treatment 4 (87.5333%) and the highest growth rate is in treatment 4 (30.5333%). The lowest Survival found in treatment 1 (53.134%). Lowest growth rate found in treatment 1 (16.6%).

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