scholarly journals The role of the mahogany tree (Swietenia macrophylla King) on quantity and quality of water that fall below the canopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 918 (1) ◽  
pp. 012036
Author(s):  
M F Fadhilah ◽  
Y Hidayat ◽  
A Hadiyane
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Hardness Measurement ◽  
Swietenia Macrophylla ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Quality Measurement ◽  
Rainwater Quality

Abstract Mahogany trees (Swietenia macrophylla) are often planted in urban forests area. This shady-crowned tree has a role in controlling the quantity and quality of rainwater that falls to the ground. Mahogany trees also affect the quality of rainwater through interception, fall, and stemflow. The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of the interception process, such as throughfall and stemflow, on changes in rainwater quality of the mahogany tree. The Data that needed to be measured were tree dimension, rainfall interception, and rainwater quality. Interception measurement was performed by calculating the number of throughfall and stemflow in one month-measurement. While the measurement of rainwater quality was measured once in the laboratory. These water quality measurements include Electrical Conductivity (EC), hardness, the content of Elements Ca, Mg, Na and K, and pH concentrations. The results based on the total area of the crown showed that mahogany had an interception value of 18.088%. In the throughfall measurement, the mahogany has a throughfall of 81.799%, while the amount of the stemflow is only 0.113%. The correlation of interception values, throughfall, and stemflow with rainfall are in general positively correlated. That means the higher rainfall water will increase the number of interception, throughfall, and stemflow. The results on water quality measurement explain that Ec value in rainwater interception was increased compared to water produced from rainfall in mahogany trees. It also has the same condition in hardness measurement. In pH measurements, the interception of rainwater has less pH when compared to direct rainfall water. In addition, the content of Elements Ca, Mg, K, and Na in Stemflow and Throughfall water have more numbers than rainfall itself.

scholarly journals Investigating the Impact of Anthropogenic and Natural Sources of Pollution on Quality of Water in Upper Indus Basin (UIB) by Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoor A. Baluch ◽  
Hashim Nisar Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analysis ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Anthropogenic Source ◽  
Indus River ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Impact

Water quality of the Indus River around the upper basin and the main river was evaluated with the help of statistical analysis. In order to analyze the similarities and dissimilarities for identifying the spatial variations in water quality of the Indus River and sources of contamination, multivariate statistical analysis, i.e., principle component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis, and descriptive analysis, was done. Data of 8 physicochemical quality parameters from 64 sampling stations belonging to 6 regions (labeled as M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, and M6) were used for analysis. The parameters used for assessing the water quality were pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxygen reducing potential (ORP), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity (%), and concentration of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb), respectively. PCA assisted in extracting and recognizing the responsible variation factors of water quality over the region, and the results showed three underlying factors including anthropogenic source pollution along with runoff due to rain and soil erosion were responsible for explaining the 93.87% of total variance. The parameters which were significantly influenced by anthropogenic impact are DO, EC, TDS (negative), and concentration of Pb (positive), while the concentration of As, % salinity, and ORP are affected by erosion and runoff due to rain. The worst pollution situation for regions M1 and M6 was due to the concentration of As which was approximately 400 μg/l (i.e., 40 times higher than minimum WHO recommendation). Furthermore, the results also indicated that, in the Indus River, three monitoring stations and five quality parameters are sufficient to have a reasonable confidence about the quality of water in this most important reserve of Pakistan.

scholarly journals Water Quality of Freshwater Ecosystems in a Temperate Climate

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2643
Author(s):  
Piotr Klimaszyk ◽  
Ryszard Gołdyn
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Water Ecosystems ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Water is the substance that made life on Earth possible. It plays a key role in both the individual and population development of all species. Water is also a critical resource for humans as populations continue to grow and climate change affects global and local water cycles. Water is a factor limiting economic development in many regions of the world. Under these conditions, good water quality becomes an extremely important factor that determines its economic utility, including water supply, recreation, and agriculture. Proper water quality maintenance of freshwater ecosystems is also very important for preserving biodiversity. The quality of water depends on many factors, the most important of which are related to human impact on water ecosystems, especially the impact of various pollutants from municipal economy, industry and agriculture. Hydrotechnical changes, such as river damming, drainage processes and water transport between catchments also have a significant impact. Water quality is also dependent on the impact of natural conditions connected, e.g., with climate, catchment, water organisms and their interactions within the food-webs, etc. This Special Issue consists of fourteen original scientific papers concerning different problems associated with the water quality of freshwater ecosystems in a temperate climate. Most of the articles deal with the relations between water quality and the structure of ecosystem biocenoses. The conclusion of these articles confirms the fact that the deterioration of water quality has a direct impact on the quantitative and qualitative structure of biocenoses. This is accompanied by a decline in biodiversity and the disappearance of rare plant and animal species. They also draw attention to the particular importance of internal physical and chemical differentiation within the aquatic ecosystem, both in horizontal and vertical dimensions. The problem of ensuring proper ecological conditions and good quality of water in freshwater aquatic ecosystems is also raised, and methods for the restoration of water bodies are presented. The majority of the research presented in this Special Issue was carried out in Central Europe, and one of the papers concerns the area of West Africa—the edge of temperate climate zone.

scholarly journals An Evaluation on Library Services Using Servqual Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 00071
Author(s):  
Made HeryWihardikaGriadhi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Quadrant Analysis ◽  
Library Services ◽  
Library Service ◽  
Service Programs ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Evaluative Research ◽  
The Impact

after The aim of this study was to identify the quality and effectiveness of the services provided by the library using Servqual Method, which covered several variables, namely: tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. The reached population were UNDIKSHA students who were already members of the library, this study was designed as quantitative evaluative research which analyzed the quality and effectiveness of the services provided by the library by analyzing the role of each factor based on Servqual Method. Data were collected using questionnaire with Likert Scale. The data obtained were analyzed in a descriptive quantitative way using Glikman’s Quadrant Analysis. The impact of this research for Undiksha Library is able to provide information about the quality and effectiveness of existing service programs and can be used as input to develop strategies for developing the Undiksha library services. The results showed the quality of each variable is as follows: overall the result of quality measurement service in Undiksha library based on servqual variable is in good quality, but still need improvement in tangible variable especially in terms of physical facility and library collection, reliability variable still need improvement on indicator accuracy of information. Responsiveness Variable still need improvement especially in terms of hospitality librarian, Assurance Variables still need improvement in indicator of knowledge and skill of librarian. Level of effectiveness of library service of University of Education Ganesha, Based on the direction of score T of indicator in each variable; tangible variable show effective category, variable of reliability less effective, responsiveness variable show effective, anssurance vriabel are effective and emphaty variables show less effective.

scholarly journals Water quality and management in the Australian pig industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Louise Edwards ◽  
Helen Crabb
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
The Impact

Context Water is the first nutrient and an essential component of all agricultural production systems. Despite its importance there has been limited research on water, and in particular, the impact of its availability, management and quality on production systems. Aims This research sought to describe the management and quality of water used within the Australian pig industry. Specifically, the water sources utilised, how water was managed and to evaluate water quality at both the source and the point of delivery to the pig. Methods Fifty-seven commercial piggeries across Australia participated in this study by completing a written survey on water management. In addition, survey participants undertook physical farm parameter measurements including collecting water samples. Each water sample was tested for standard quality parameters including pH, hardness, heavy metals and microbiological status. Key results Responses were received from 57 farms, estimated to represent at least 22% of ‘large’ pig herds. Bore water was the most common water source being utilised within the farms surveyed. Management practices and infrastructure delivering water from the source to the point of consumption were found to differ across the farms surveyed. Furthermore, water was regularly used as a delivery mechanism for soluble additives such as antibiotics. The quality of water at the source and point of consumption was found to be highly variable with many parameters, particularly pH, hardness, salinity, iron, manganese and microbiological levels, exceeding the acceptable standard. Conclusions In general, water quality did not appear to be routinely monitored or managed. As a result, farm managers had poor visibility of the potential negative impacts that inferior water quality or management may be having on pig production and in turn the economics of their business. Indeed, inferior water quality may impact the delivery of antibiotics and in turn undermine the industry’s antimicrobial stewardship efforts. Implications The study findings suggest that water quality represents a significant challenge to the Australian pig industry. Access to drinking water of an acceptable quality is essential for optimal pig performance, health and welfare but also to ensure farm to fork supply chain integrity, traceability and food safety.

scholarly journals Organik Tavukçulukta İçme Suyu Özellikleri, Beslemedeki Önemi ve Su Kalitesini Artırmaya Yönelik Uygulamalar

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Eleroğlu ◽  
Arda Yıldırım ◽  
Ahmet Şekeroğlu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact

The source of water, the content and quality is very important used in every stage of poultry production. The birds must have continuous access and supply of quality water without any antibiotic and bacteriological residues. Sensory, physiochemical properties and chemical composition must be taken into consideration while assessing water quality. The quality of water used in the production of conventional or organic poultry has impacts on the poultry health, quality of products and human health. The impact of water quality is higher on the functionality of water in live organism and the consumption amount varies depending on many factors. A source of water which is used in organic production is also important with their characteristics. Different water sources may be used for animal consumption, such as springs, shallow wells, deep and artesian wells, lakes and creeks. Organic farms should regularly submit water samples to a laboratory for testing of water quality against the possibility of contamination of water sources. Water contaminants could create equipment problems and restrict the amount of water available for consumption therefore affects the quality of products. There are many aspects to the broad problems of water quality and different physical and chemical applications used to ensure sustainability of water quality for human and animal use. In this review, it will be focused on the quality of the water to be used in the organic poultry production and quality enhancing physical and chemical applications.

scholarly journals The Fluctuation of Water Quality of Ci Lutung flow areas in Majalengka and Sumedang.

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 04013
Author(s):  
Deddy Caesar Agusto ◽  
Eko Kusratmoko
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Indicators ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact

The river is the main source of water in Indonesia, which at the moment, this quality tends to get worse and is no longer worth consuming for various needs. The cause of the pollution is the entry of pollutants both point source (industrial waste) and non-point source (residential and agricultural land). Rainfall can be a non-point source pollutant agent from a watershed to a water body. The impact of rainfall on increasing concentrations of pollutants is very significant, especially the high intensity rainfall that falls after the long dry season. In this study, water quality data is obtained from river outlets located in Damkamun taken every 30 minutes during the rainfall event so that fluctuation in water quality can be seen. Water quality indicators studied in this research are TDS, DHLNitrate, Phosphate and Ph. The author, in analyzing, using rainfall Himawari 8 which is obtained every 10 minutes. The result shows that rainfall is directly related to the water flow and the fluctuation of the discharge affects the water quality. From the calculations, the chemical quality of water is also influenced by the use of land in the watershed. Nitrate value increases when the occurrence of rain occurs in land use while phosphate experiences a high value during the event.

scholarly journals The effect of the mixing of water from different sources in the water supply system on tap water quality – a full-scale technical investigation case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-312
Author(s):  
A. Szuster-Janiaczyk ◽  
J. Bylka
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Tap Water Quality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract The paper presents a detailed analysis of the quality of water pumped into a network and sampled from 39 monitoring points located on the network. A difference in the quality of water sampled from two different sources was demonstrated, as well as the impact of the mixing of the two waters in the water distribution system (WDS) on tap water quality. A mathematical model was used to identify the zones of water mixing and the areas of unfavourable hydraulic conditions (low flow rates and long retention times).

scholarly journals Dynamics of Water Quality: Impact Assessment Process for Water Resource Management

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ejaz-ul-Hassan Bhatti ◽  
Mudasser Muneer Khan ◽  
Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah ◽  
Syed Safdar Raza ◽  
Muhammad Shoaib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Irrigation Canal ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Irrigation Purpose ◽  
The Impact

Surface water is an important source of water supply for irrigation purpose and in urban areas, sewage water is being disposed of in nearby canals without treatment. A study was conducted to investigate the dynamics of water quality of irrigation canal as a result of this practice. The study ascertained the impact of different salinity parameters, indices and approaches to examine the hazardous effects on quality of canal water. The study analyses the samples collected for various parameters like pH, TDS, EC, Na, Cl, Ca, Mg, K, CO3, HCO3 etc. It helped to decide the restriction on use of water based on FAO-UN guidelines. Investigations were focused on assessment of contaminants affecting the quality of water and having hazardous effects on different stages of irrigation water usage. Wilcox diagram and Doneen’s approach-based analysis helped to identify the class and quality of water. This study shall help to analyze the quality of water and provide support to the decision makers for better water resource management and policy development for irrigation purpose i.e. treatment and distribution of water resource.

scholarly journals The impact of land use on the water quality of foothill microcatchment areas

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Andrzej Misztal ◽  
Marcin Kuczera
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
The Impact

The impact of land use on the water quality of foothill microcatchment areas The impact of land use on the water quality of foothill microcatchment areas. In this paper a comparison is made between the impact of land use methods on the quality of water in the streams which drain various catchment areas. For this purpose three microcatchments were selected which are located in agricultural, rural settlements, and forested areas. Water samples were physically and chemically analysed in order to determine: nitrates, nitrites, ammonia, phosphates, sulphates, chlorides, calcium, magnesium, dissolved oxygen, reaction and conductivity. The above studies were conducted in the 2006 and 2007. Our analysis of the collected materials allows us to affirm that land use methods have a significant impact on the water quality of the streams which drain the area. Rural settlement has the most negative influence on the water quality, followed by typical agricultural use. Based on the direct quality evaluations of single water samples, it has been found that only water from forested areas can be qualified as belonging to the 1st cleanness class.

scholarly journals Modelling the impact of water temperature, pipe, and hydraulic conditions on water quality in water distribution networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Mohammed ◽  
Hoese Michel Tornyeviadzi ◽  
Razak Seidu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Identifying and controlling the drivers of change in the quality of water within distribution systems requires a comprehensive understanding of the individual and interactive effects of relevant factors. This article examines the impact of water temperature, pipe characteristics, and hydraulic conditions on the microbiological, physical, and chemical parameters of water quality in the distribution network using Bayesian Dirichlet process mixture of linear models and random forest method. The study was based on a database of the distribution network for the city of Ålesund in Norway and records of water quality data measured at seven different locations in the network from 2013 to 2019. In both modelling approaches applied, temperature was identified as the main factor that controls the microbiological stability of water in the network. From the minimum to the maximum values of temperature in the pipes (3.35 °C–11.14 °C respectively), the probabilities of occurrence of bacteria in water increased from 0.36 to 0.95. Temperature was also shown to be an important factor that affects the chemical parameters of water quality (pH, alkalinity and electrical conductivity). Among the input parameters included in this study, concentration of residual chlorine was shown to have the strongest growth-inhibiting effect on Total Bacteria in the pipes. The results further showed that changes in the hydraulic conditions in the pipes (residence time and flow) were among the most important determinants of the physical, chemical and microbiological quality of water in the distribution network. The random forest models assigned minimal importance to the pipe characteristics and conditions on changes in the water quality parameters. However, the Bayesian models revealed that these parameters have significant impact on the quality of water in the pipes.

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