Sildenafil Has Little Influence on Cardiovascular Hemodynamics or 6-km Time Trial Performance in Trained Men and Women at Simulated High Altitude

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Jacobs ◽  
Jochen Kressler ◽  
Mark Stoutenberg ◽  
Bernard A. Roos ◽  
Anne L. Friedlander
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Cardiovascular Hemodynamics ◽  
Simulated High Altitude ◽  
Trial Performance

Red Spinach Extract Supplementation Improves Cycle Time Trial Performance in Recreationally Active Men and Women

2019 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam M. Gonzalez ◽  
Matthew R. Accetta ◽  
Robert W. Spitz ◽  
Gerald T. Mangine ◽  
Jamie J. Ghigiarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cycle Time ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Spinach Extract ◽  
Trial Performance

scholarly journals Coffee Ingestion Improves 5 km Cycling Performance in Men and Women by a Similar Magnitude

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil D. Clarke ◽  
Nicholas A. Kirwan ◽  
Darren L. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Cycling Performance ◽  
Similar Magnitude ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Cycling Time Trial ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cycling Time ◽  
Trial Performance

Caffeine is a well-established ergogenic aid, although research to date has predominantly focused on anhydrous caffeine, and in men. The primary aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of coffee ingestion on 5 km cycling time trial performance, and to establish whether sex differences exist. A total of 38 participants (19 men and 19 women) completed a 5 km time trial following the ingestion of 0.09 g·kg-1 coffee providing 3 mg·kg-1 of caffeine (COF), a placebo (PLA), in 300 mL of water, or control (CON). Coffee ingestion significantly increased salivary caffeine levels (p < 0.001; η P 2 = 0.75) and, overall, resulted in improved 5 km time trial performance (p < 0.001; η P 2 = 0.23). Performance following COF (482 ± 51 s) was faster than PLA (491 ± 53 s; p = 0.002; d = 0.17) and CON (487 ± 52 s; p =0.002; d = 0.10) trials, with men and women both improving by approximately 9 seconds and 6 seconds following coffee ingestion compared with placebo and control, respectively. However, no differences were observed between CON and PLA (p = 0.321; d = 0.08). In conclusion, ingesting coffee providing 3 mg·kg-1 of caffeine increased salivary caffeine levels and improved 5 km cycling time trial performance in men and women by a similar magnitude.

Living for Six Days at 2200 M Improves Time-Trial Performance of Sea-Level Residents Exposed to 4300 M

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Fulco ◽  
Stephen R. Muza ◽  
Beth Beidleman ◽  
Juli Jones ◽  
Eric Lammi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Trial Performance

Acute Prior Heavy Strength Exercise Bouts Improve the 20-km Cycling Time Trial Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 2513-2520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato A.S. Silva ◽  
Fernando L. Silva-Júnior ◽  
Fabiano A. Pinheiro ◽  
Patrícia F.M. Souza ◽  
Daniel A. Boullosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Trial ◽  
Strength Exercise ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Cycling Time Trial ◽  
Cycling Time ◽  
Trial Performance

Practical precooling: Effect on cycling time trial performance in warm conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 1477-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc J. Quod ◽  
David T. Martin ◽  
Paul B. Laursen ◽  
Andrew S. Gardner ◽  
Shona L. Halson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Trial ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Cycling Time Trial ◽  
Cycling Time ◽  
Trial Performance

Beneficial Effects of Ice Ingestion as a Precooling Strategy on 40-km Cycling Time-Trial Performance

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ihsan ◽  
Grant Landers ◽  
Matthew Brearley ◽  
Peter Peeling
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Cycling Time Trial ◽  
Crushed Ice ◽  
Cycling Time ◽  
Trial Performance

Purpose:The effect of crushed ice ingestion as a precooling method on 40-km cycling time trial (CTT) performance was investigated.Methods:Seven trained male subjects underwent a familiarization trial and two experimental CTT which were preceded by 30 min of either crushed ice ingestion (ICE) or tap water (CON) consumption amounting to 6.8 g⋅kg-1 body mass. The CTT required athletes to complete 1200 kJ of work on a wind-braked cycle ergometer. During the CTT, gastrointestinal (Tgi) and skin (Tsk) temperatures, cycling time, power output, heart rate (HR), blood lactate (BLa), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and thermal sensation (RPTS) were measured at set intervals of work.Results:Precooling lowered the Tgi after ICE significantly more than CON (36.74 ± 0.67°C vs 37.27 ± 0.24°C, P < .05). This difference remained evident until 200 kJ of work was completed on the bike (37.43 ± 0.42°C vs 37.64 ± 0.21°C). No significant differences existed between conditions at any time point for Tsk, RPE or HR (P > .05). The CTT completion time was 6.5% faster in ICE when compared with CON (ICE: 5011 ± 810 s, CON: 5359 ± 820 s, P < .05).Conclusions:Crushed ice ingestion was effective in lowering Tgi and improving subsequent 40-km cycling time trial performance. The mechanisms for this enhanced exercise performance remain to be clarified.

Carbohydrate and Protein Co-Ingestion Postexercise Does Not Improve Next-Day Performance in Trained Cyclists

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hilkka Kontro ◽  
Marta Kozior ◽  
Gráinne Whelehan ◽  
Miryam Amigo-Benavent ◽  
Catherine Norton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Whey Protein Concentrate ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Time Trial Performance ◽  
Trial Performance

Supplementing postexercise carbohydrate (CHO) intake with protein has been suggested to enhance recovery from endurance exercise. The aim of this study was to investigate whether adding protein to the recovery drink can improve 24-hr recovery when CHO intake is suboptimal. In a double-blind crossover design, 12 trained men performed three 2-day trials consisting of constant-load exercise to reduce glycogen on Day 1, followed by ingestion of a CHO drink (1.2 g·kg−1·2 hr−1) either without or with added whey protein concentrate (CHO + PRO) or whey protein hydrolysate (CHO + PROH) (0.3 g·kg−1·2 hr−1). Arterialized blood glucose and insulin responses were analyzed for 2 hr postingestion. Time-trial performance was measured the next day after another bout of glycogen-reducing exercise. The 30-min time-trial performance did not differ between the three trials (M ± SD, 401 ± 75, 411 ± 80, 404 ± 58 kJ in CHO, CHO + PRO, and CHO + PROH, respectively, p = .83). No significant differences were found in glucose disposal (area under the curve [AUC]) between the postexercise conditions (364 ± 107, 341 ± 76, and 330 ± 147, mmol·L−1·2 hr−1, respectively). Insulin AUC was lower in CHO (18.1 ± 7.7 nmol·L−1·2 hr−1) compared with CHO + PRO and CHO + PROH (24.6 ± 12.4 vs. 24.5 ± 10.6, p = .036 and .015). No difference in insulin AUC was found between CHO + PRO and CHO + PROH. Despite a higher acute insulin response, adding protein to a CHO-based recovery drink after a prolonged, high-intensity exercise bout did not change next-day exercise capacity when overall 24-hr macronutrient and caloric intake was controlled.

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