Infrastructure for Entrepreneurship

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Systems Of Innovation ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Resource Endowments

Entrepreneurship is a critical driver of economic health, industrial rejuvenation, social change, and technological progress. In an attempt to determine how to best support such an important component of society, researchers and practitioners alike continue to ask why some countries, regions, and cities have more entrepreneurship than others. Unfortunately, the answer is not clear. This question is addressed by focusing on location-based support or infrastructure for entrepreneurship. A framework based on a social systems perspective guides this examination by concentrating on three main categories of infrastructure: resource endowments, institutional arrangements, and proprietary functions. Work from the knowledge-based perspective of entrepreneurship, systems of innovation, entrepreneurial ecosystems, and resource dependence literatures is integrated into this framework.

A Group Awaiting Death: The Social Systems Perspective on a Naturally Occurring Group Situation

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Starker ◽  
Joan E. Starker
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Task Structure ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Situation ◽  
Imminent Death

The decline and imminent death of an individual in a hospital's intensive care unit led to the creation of a transient group composed of family and friends. The dynamics of this tragic group are explored using the concepts provided by Social Systems theory. Ambiguity of the task structure and its inherent frustrations, fluidity of leadership and power, and failure of a utopian defense are all discussed as contributors to subsequent dissension and splitting. The social systems perspective provides a useful tool for understanding this naturally occurring group situation.

Urbanization and Family Structure in the Ivory Coast

1966 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remi Clignet
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Relative Decline

Urbanization may be viewed as a particular manifestation of social change. As such, it is often defined as a process leading originally distinct social systems to a common destination. As an example, it is supposed to facilitate the universal emergence of a European type of nuclear family. In this perspective, many scholars have been eager to determine the extent to which African patterns of familial behavior lose their traditional specific properties. These researchers have in fact equated the problem of measuring urbanization with the problem of measuring the relative decline and persistence of traditional affiliations. Taking as examples the familial systems of two Ivory Coast peoples, the present paper intends to show some of the limitations of this type of analysis.

Crisis of What: The End of Capitalism or Another Systemic Cycle of Capitalist Accumulation?

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Chase-Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
World Systems ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Systemic Crisis

AbstractIn this article I discuss the nature of the current global systemic crisis in order to evaluate the likelihood of several possible futures in the next few decades. Employing a comparative world historical and evolutionary world-systems perspective, I consider how the constellation of antisystemic movements and challenging regimes are similar to, or different from, the challengers in earlier crisis periods. I use a structural analysis of social change to assess the probabilities of different outcomes, while acknowledging that the future, like the past, is somewhat open-ended and the somewhat unpredictable actions of individuals and groups can shift the probabilities that we are trying to estimate.

On Social Stability and Social Change

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 360-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron C. Kay ◽  
Justin Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
System Justification ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
System Justification Theory ◽  
The Status ◽  
System Threat ◽  
Do So

More than a decade of research from the perspective of system-justification theory (Jost & Banaji, 1994) has demonstrated that people engage in motivated psychological processes that bolster and support the status quo. We propose that this motive is highly contextual: People do not justify their social systems at all times but are more likely to do so under certain circumstances. We describe four contexts in which people are prone to engage in system-justifying processes: (a) system threat, (b) system dependence, (c) system inescapability, and (d) low personal control. We describe how and why, in these contexts, people who wish to promote social change might expect resistance.

The Development of World-Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Chase-Dunn ◽  
Hiroko Inoue ◽  
Teresa Neal ◽  
Evan Heimlich
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
World Systems ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Relations ◽  
The Comparative Study

This essay discusses conceptual issues that arise from the study of human social change. The comparative and evolutionary world-systems perspective is explained as a theoretical research program for studying long-term social change. This approach employs an anthropological framework of comparison for studying world-systems, including those of hunter-gatherers. Problems of spatially bounding whole human interaction networks are addressed, and the utility of a comparative approach to the study of hierarchical relations among human polities (core/periphery relations) is examined. The hypothesis of semiperipheral development is explained, and criteria for empirically identifying semiperipheral regions are specified. World history and global history are the most important evidential bases, along with prehistoric archaeology, for the comparative study of world-systems. Getting the grounds of comparison right by correctly conceptualizing the spatial units of analysis and paying careful attention to core/periphery relations are crucial issues in the effort to comprehend and explain the development of world-systems.

DESIGN A KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEM TO AUTOMATICALLY ASSESS COMMERCIAL WEBSITES

2007 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 43-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
XUE LI ◽  
WAYNE HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Automatic Assessment ◽  
Knowledge Based System ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Knowledge Based

From an information systems perspective, the assessment of commercial websites can be assessed objectively or subjectively. From a business point of view, they can be assessed quantitatively or qualitatively. This paper describes taxonomy of website assessment approaches and proposes a knowledge-based system approach to evaluate commercial websites effectively. Given a large number of constantly evolving commercial websites on the Internet, our approach shows an efficient way of automatic assessment of commercial websites.

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