scholarly journals Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients Who Receive SNAP Benefits Have a Higher Risk of Food Insecurity, Poorer Diet Quality, and Lower Vegetable Intake Than Those Who Don't

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 175-175
Author(s):  
Giaynel Cordero ◽  
So Yeon Pak ◽  
Vincent Wong ◽  
Donna Lee ◽  
Daniel Laor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Dark Green

Abstract Objectives Many CKD/ESKD pts rely on SNAP benefits to help offset the cost of food. We studied the association of SNAP benefits with food insecurity and dietary habits in our inner-City population. Methods A face-to-face survey was conducted with a sample of patients from inner-city CKD (23), dialysis (24), and transplant (33) clinics. As SNAP usage was similar across all clinics data were pooled. Diet was assessed using 24-hour recall and analyzed using ASA24 software. The Healthy Eating Index was scored using the HEI-15, with a value below 50 considered poor. Food security was evaluated using the question “In the last 12 months did you ever eat less than you think you should because there wasn't enough money for food?”. All comparisons were by t-test except where noted. Results Mean age was 54.7 ± 1.7. There were 46 (58%) men and 34 (42%) women with 65 Black, 5 Asian, 5 Hispanic, and 4 others. 34 people (42.5%) had an income < $20 K, with 22 (27.4%) between $20 K and 40 K. 21 (26.3%) were employed. 42 people (44.2%) participated in SNAP in the last year and 53 (55.8%) did not. There was no significant difference in age, gender, years in the US, or education level between the SNAP recipients (SNAP-Y) and those who did not receive. SNAP-Y were less likely to be employed (10% vs 39%, P < 0.5 by Chi square) and reported more food insecurity (23% vs 2%, P = 0.007 by Chi-square). SNAP-Y ate a poorer diet by HEI (53.0 ± 7.2 vs 59.6 ± 1.6, P = 0.015), ate less fiber (11.5 ± 6.9 vs 15.5 ± 1.04, P = 0.009), less magnesium (234 ± 16.9 vs 298 ± 23.8, P = 0.05), less vitamin C (54.9 ± 9.4 vs 99.1 ± 16.6, P = 0.025), fewer total vegetables (1.15 ± 0.25 vs 1.77 ± 0.18, P < 0.05), and fewer dark green leafy vegetables (0.4 ± 0.5 vs 0.5 ± 0.12, P = 0.009). There was no difference in intake of total calories, sodium, protein, fat or total carbohydrate intake. Conclusions In our population: 1. Patients who received SNAP benefits reported more food insecurity. 2. All patients had poor adherence to Dietary Guidelines but SNAP recipients were worse, ate less fiber, magnesium and vitamin C and ate fewer vegetables, including dark green leafy vegetables. 3. As data suggest that plant-based eating may be advantageous for patients with kidney disease, and most Greenmarkets in our neighborhood take SNAP, these latter findings are particularly concerning and warrant further study to discern if this is an issue of cost or education. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Considerations for the design of nutrition-sensitive production programmes in rural South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Hendriks ◽  
A. Viljoen ◽  
D. Marais ◽  
F. A. M. Wenhold ◽  
A. M. McIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Home Consumption

Abstract Background Very little has been researched about the efficacy, effectiveness, feasibility, sustainability and impact of food-based approaches on the diets and nutritional status of populations at risk of hunger and food insecurity. This study contributes knowledge about the impact of food-based approaches on the diets of populations at risk of hunger and food insecurity in four of the poorest rural communities in South Africa. The study investigated the consumption and production patterns of rural households (278 in summer and 280 in winter) in four sites in the poorest municipalities in South Africa. Methods A multistage stratified random sampling technique was applied to identify the communities and sample households for the quantitative survey and qualitative assessments. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected between 2013 and 2015 through focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews and the two-round panel survey to cover both the summer and winter seasons at each site. Results Home gardening led to a significant positive increase in the consumption of white roots and tubers, dark green leafy vegetables, orange-coloured fruit and other fruit in the 24 h prior to the survey. Participation in a community garden led to significant increases in the consumption of dark green leafy vegetables and other vegetables. School gardening did not demonstrate any statistical relationships with the consumption of foods from the crop-related food groups. Crop production improved dietary diversity. Selling produce and irrigation showed a stronger improvement in dietary diversity. Seasonality affected the availability of fresh fruit and vegetables for home consumption in winter. Conclusions Producing beyond that solely for home consumption has greater benefits for dietary diversity and a consumption-smoothing effect during the post-harvest period. Politicians and the scientific community should recognise the role that household and small-scale crop production plays in supporting household consumption and the provision of essential micronutrients despite constraints and disincentives. Production and education programmes should focus on strengthening existing good consumption patterns and promoting the consumption of foods that can improve dietary diversity.

scholarly journals Diabetic Inner- City Kidney Patients Eat Less Sugar and Grains but Also Fewer Healthy Nutrients Than Non-Diabetic Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 551-551
Author(s):  
Iqra Nadeem ◽  
Takisha Morancy ◽  
Kingsley Cruickshank ◽  
Ahmad Saleh ◽  
Giaynel Cordero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Refined Grains

Abstract Objectives We evaluated dietary intake in patients with kidney disease with and without diabetes in inner-city Brooklyn clinics. Methods A face-to-face survey was conducted in a random convenience sample of pts from CKD (23) and transplant (45) clinics. Diet was studied by 24-hour recall using ASA24 software. Healthy Eating Index was calculated using the HEI-15 score and the DASH index as standard. Between group comparison was by t-test unless noted. Results There were 37 males (54%) and 31 (46%) females, 56 (82%) Black, 24/62 (24%) received SNAP benefits. 24 (53%) transplant (TXP) and 13 (57%) CKD pts had diabetes (DIAB). By Chi square, DIAB were more likely to make < $20 K/yr (58% vs 23%, P = 0.015) and be unemployed (89% vs 61%, P = 0.018). DIAB were older (61.8 ± 1.6 vs 50.3 ± 2.25 yrs, P < 0.0001). Creatinine was 1.86 ± 1.09 mg/dl. HbA1c was 11.1 ± 3.1, time with diabetes 206.03 ± 26.9 months. Blood pressure, BMI, albumin, potassium and total cholesterol did not differ but HDL was lower (DIAB 41.8 ± 3.5 vs 55.1 ± 4.3, P = 0.026). DIAB ate fewer calories (1386.5 ± 83.9 vs 1779.9 ± 129.1, P = 0.014), carbohydrates (131.8 ± 10.8 vs 211.8 ± 13.4, P < 0.0001), sugar (41.5 ± 5.2 vs 89.4 ± 9.5, P < 0.0001), added sugar (5.4 ± 0.86 vs 10.15 ± 1.89, P = 0.02) and refined grains (3.01 ± 0.43 vs 4.61 ± 0.59, P = 0.035), less fiber (11.1 ± 1.0 vs 16.1 ± 1.4, p-P = 0.006), vitamin C (49.7 ± 8.9 vs 110.2 ± 23.3, P = 0.014), fruit (0.37 ± 0.1 vs 1.96 ± 0.6, P = 0.009), potassium (1928.3135.8 vs 2578.1 ± 224.9, P = 0.014), magnesium (229.3 ± 16.8 vs 304.4 ± 32.9, P < 0.05) and calcium (548.3 ± 60.1 vs 738.6 ± 67.9, P = 0.04). There was no difference for DASH (3.6 ± 0.15 vs 3.9 ± 0.18) or HEI score (57.8 ± 1.9 vs 59.4 ± 2.3) or dairy, meat, total protein, fat or sodium intake. Conclusions In our population: 1. DIAB pts reported more unemployment and lower income. 2. DIAB pts ate fewer total calories, but similar intake of protein and fat. 3. DIAB pts ate fewer carbohydrates, sugars, added sugars, and refined grains but did not have lower BMI and diabetes control was poor, with lower HDL values. 4. DIAB pts also ate less fresh fruit, potassium, calcium, magnesium, fiber and vitamin C. 5. Education of our pts with kidney disease and diabetes should reinforce positive dietary habits but encourage overall healthy eating that includes fruits and fiber, as patients may be focusing on restricting sugar and carbohydrates to the detriment of other nutrients. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Considerations for the design of nutrition-sensitive production programmes in rural South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl L Hendriks ◽  
Annemarie Viljoen ◽  
Diana Marais ◽  
Friede AM Wenhold ◽  
Angela M McIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Home Consumption

Abstract Background Very little has been researched about the efficacy, effectiveness, feasibility, sustainability and impact of food-based approaches on the diets and nutritional status of populations at risk of hunger and food insecurity. This study contributes knowledge about the impact of food-based approaches on the diets of populations at risk of hunger and food insecurity in four of the poorest rural communities in South Africa. The study investigated the consumption and production patterns of rural households (278 in summer and 280 in winter) in four sites in the poorest municipalities in South Africa. Methods A multistage stratified random sampling technique was applied to identify the communities and sample households for the quantitative survey and qualitative assessments. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected between 2013 and 2015 through focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews and the two-round panel survey to cover both the summer and winter seasons at each site. Results Home gardening led to a significant positive increase in the consumption of white roots and tubers, dark green leafy vegetables, orange-coloured fruit and other fruit in the 24 hours prior to the survey. Participation in a community garden led to significant increases in the consumption of dark green leafy vegetables and other vegetables. School gardening did not demonstrate any statistical relationships with the consumption of foods from the crop-related food groups. Crop production improved dietary diversity. Selling produce and irrigation showed a stronger improvement in dietary diversity. Seasonality affected the availability of fresh fruit and vegetables for home consumption in winter Conclusions Producing beyond that solely for home consumption has greater benefits for dietary diversity and a consumption-smoothing effect during the post-harvest period. Politicians and the scientific community should recognise the role that household and small-scale crop production plays in supporting household consumption and the provision of essential micronutrients despite constraints and disincentives. Production and education programmes should focus on strengthening existing good consumption patterns and promoting the consumption of foods that can improve dietary diversity.

scholarly journals Konsumsi sayuran hijau dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Dessy Hermawan ◽  
Zaenal Abidin ◽  
Dwi Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Centre ◽  
Maternal Anemia ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Dark Green

Consumption of dark green, leafy vegetables and maternal anemia during pregnancyBackground: The data base of the statistical bureau agency in Indonesia, the prevalence of maternal anemia during pregnancy is still relatively high and tends to increase where in 2013 in urban areas amounted to 36.4%, in rural areas 37.8% so that the average 37.1%. in 2018 it has increased significantly to an average of 48.9%. The incidence of maternal anemia during pregnancy in 12  public health centre (Puskesmas)  in North Lampung  was found a public health centre (Puskesmas)  that was classified as still high in Semuli Raya public health centre (Puskesmas) (33.6%).Purpose: Knowing of consumption of dark green, leafy vegetables and maternal anemia during pregnancyMethod: A quantitative study with an analytical survey using the cross sectional study. The samples were 60 respondents and  analysis of statistical tests used the chi-square test.Results: The consumption of dark green, leafy vegetables in 60 respondents, 29 respondents (48.3%) consumes vegetables every day, and 31 respondents (51.7%) has seldom  consumes. Hemoglobin status in 60 respondents, 28 respondents ( 46.7%) had normal range of haemoglobin  and 32 respondents (53.3%) had lower of  haemoglobin . Statistical test results using chi square obtained p-value of 0.000.Conclusion: There was correlation of consumption of dark-green leafy vegetables in prevention of maternal anemia during pregnancy.Keywords: Consumption; Dark green, Leafy vegetables; Maternal anemia; During pregnancyPendahuluan: Data dari badan pusat statistik di Indonesia, prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil tergolong masih tinggi dan cenderung meningkat dimana di tahun 2013 di perkotaan sebesar 36.4 %, di perdesaan 37.8% sehingga rerata 37.1%. di tahun 2018 telah naik secara signifikan menjadi rerata 48.9%. Kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di 12 Puskesmas di Kabupaten Lampung Utara didapatkan ada puskesmas yang  tergolong masih tinggi di Puskesmas Semuli Raya (33.6%).Tujuan: Diketahui hubungan konsumsi sayuran hijau dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil.Metode: Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan survey analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah  sampel sebanyak 60 orang dan analisis uji statistik menggunakan uji chi square.Hasil : Konsumsi makanan sayuran hijau pada 60 responden sebanyak 29 responden (48,3%) mengkonsumsi sayuran hijau setiap hari, dan sebanyak 31 responden (51,7%) jarang mengkonsumsi sayuran hijau setiap hari. Status hemoglobin pada 60 responden sebanyak 28 responden (46,7%) memiliki hb normal, dan sebanyak 32 responden (53,3%) memiliki hb rendah. Hasil uji statistik menggunakan chi square didapat nilai p-value 0.000 < 0,05.Simpulan : Ada hubungan konsumsi sayuran hijau dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil. 

scholarly journals Determinants and Suitability of Carotenoid Reflection Score as a Measure of Carotenoid Status

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Rush ◽  
Isaac Amoah ◽  
Tung Diep ◽  
Shabnam Jalili-Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Carotenoid Concentration ◽  
Dairy Foods ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes

Carotenoids, orange-coloured pigments found in vegetables, fruit, eggs and dairy foods, act as antioxidants and vitamin A precursors in the human body. Skin carotenoid concentration is a biomarker of vegetable and fruit intake. The aim was to identify determinants of skin carotenoid concentration by measuring “Veggie Meter™” carotenoid reflection spectroscopy scores (CRS) from the fingertip of adults with a range of ages, ethnicity and body size. Frequencies of daily intake of vegetables and fruit and weekly intake of pumpkin and carrot, dark green leafy vegetables (DGLV), eggs (yolk), and dairy were determined from a self-completed food-frequency-questionnaire. A total of 571 (324 Women, 247 Men) adults, aged 16 to 85 years, completed measurements. The CRS ranged from 83 to 769, with a median of 327. Women and men did not score differently. For all participants there were negative correlations of CRS with weight (r = −0.312) and BMI (r = −0.338) and positive correlations with weekly intakes of DGLV (r = 0.242) and carrots and pumpkin (r = 0.202). Based on a review of health outcomes associated with plasma carotenoids, 82% of the participants in the current study are at moderate risk, or more, of negative health outcomes. Determinants of carotenoid status were body size, intake of DGLV, carrots and pumpkin, and ethnicity.

scholarly journals Dietary Diversity in Cambodian Garment Workers: The Role of Free Lunch Provision

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Makurat ◽  
Eleonore Kretz ◽  
Frank Wieringa ◽  
Chhoun Chamnan ◽  
Michael Krawinkel
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Garment Workers ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Randomised Controlled

The objective of this paper is to compare food consumption by Cambodian garment workers with and without access to a free model lunch provision through a factory-based canteen. Data from an exploratory randomised controlled trial were analysed. In total, 223 female Cambodian garment workers were allocated to an intervention arm (six-month lunch provision) or a control arm. Dietary intake on workdays was assessed by qualitative 24-h recalls at baseline and twice at follow-ups during the period of lunch provision using the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) guideline on assessing women’s dietary diversity. In total, 158 participants provided complete data on the dietary intake over workdays at all interviews. Lunch provision resulted in a more frequent consumption of dark green leafy vegetables (DGLV), vitamin A-rich fruits, other fruits, and oils and fats during lunch breaks. In contrast, flesh meats, legumes, nuts and seeds, as well as sweets, were eaten at a lower frequency. Except for a higher consumption rate of vitamin A-rich fruits and a lower intake frequency of sweets, lunch provision had a less clear impact on total 24-h intake from different food groups and was not associated with a higher women’s dietary diversity score (WDDS). A more gap-oriented design of the lunch sets taking into account underutilised foods and the nutritional status of the workers is recommended.

scholarly journals Understanding African American Women's Decisions to Buy and Eat Dark Green Leafy Vegetables: An Application of the Reasoned Action Approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 676-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jylana L. Sheats ◽  
Susan E. Middlestadt ◽  
Fernando F. Ona ◽  
Paul D. Juarez ◽  
Lloyd J. Kolbe
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Reasoned Action Approach ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Dark Green
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