scholarly journals Increasing the amount of corticotomy does not affect orthodontic tooth movement or root resorption, but accelerates alveolar bone resorption in rats

2016 ◽  
pp. cjw038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Kurohama ◽  
Hitoshi Hotokezaka ◽  
Megumi Hashimoto ◽  
Takako Tajima ◽  
Kotaro Arita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement

scholarly journals Is Inflammation a Friend or Foe for Orthodontic Treatment?: Inflammation in Orthodontically Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption and Accelerating Tooth Movement

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2388
Author(s):  
Masaru Yamaguchi ◽  
Shinichi Fukasawa
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Orthodontic Forces ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The aim of this paper is to provide a review on the role of inflammation in orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) and accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (AOTM) in orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is stimulated by remodeling of the periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone. These remodeling activities and tooth displacement are involved in the occurrence of an inflammatory process in the periodontium, in response to orthodontic forces. Inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins (PGs), interleukins (Ils; IL-1, -6, -17), the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α superfamily, and receptor activator of nuclear factor (RANK)/RANK ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) are increased in the PDL during OTM. OIIRR is one of the accidental symptoms, and inflammatory mediators have been detected in resorbed roots, PDL, and alveolar bone exposed to heavy orthodontic force. Therefore, these inflammatory mediators are involved with the occurrence of OIIRR during orthodontic tooth movement. On the contrary, regional accelerating phenomenon (RAP) occurs after fractures and surgery such as osteotomies or bone grafting, and bone healing is accelerated by increasing osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Recently, tooth movement after surgical procedures such as corticotomy, corticision, piezocision, and micro-osteoperforation might be accelerated by RAP, which increases the bone metabolism. Therefore, inflammation may be involved in accelerated OTM (AOTM). The knowledge of inflammation during orthodontic treatment could be used in preventing OIIRR and AOTM.

scholarly journals Apical External Root Resorption and Repair in Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Biological Events

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liviu Feller ◽  
Razia A. G. Khammissa ◽  
George Thomadakis ◽  
Jeanine Fourie ◽  
Johan Lemmer
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
External Root Resorption

Some degree of external root resorption is a frequent, unpredictable, and unavoidable consequence of orthodontic tooth movement mediated by odontoclasts/cementoclasts originating from circulating precursor cells in the periodontal ligament. Its pathogenesis involves mechanical forces initiating complex interactions between signalling pathways activated by various biological agents. Resorption of cementum is regulated by mechanisms similar to those controlling osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Following root resorption there is repair by cellular cementum, but factors mediating the transition from resorption to repair are not clear. In this paper we review some of the biological events associated with orthodontically induced external root resorption.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Stress induced in the Periodontal Ligament during Extrusion and Rotation Movements— Part II: A Comparison of Linear vs Nonlinear FEM Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 819-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
HP Raghuveer ◽  
M Hemanth ◽  
MS Rani ◽  
Chathura Hegde ◽  
B Vedavathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Nonlinear Material ◽  
Nonlinear Fem ◽  
3D Fem ◽  
Nonlinear Simulation ◽  
Force System

ABSTRACT Background Optimal orthodontic forces are those which stimulate tooth movement with minimal biological trauma to the tooth, periodontal ligament (PDL) during and alveolar bone. Among various types of tooth movements, extrusion and rotational movements are seen to be associated with the least amount of root resorption and have not been studied in detail. The mechanical behavior of the PDL is known to be nonlinear elastic and thus a nonlinear simulation of the PDL provides precision to the calculated stress values. Therefore in this study, the stress patterns in the PDL were evaluated with extrusion and rotational movements using the nonlinear finite element method (FEM). Materials and methods A three-dimensional (3D) FEM model of the maxillary incisors was generated using SOLIDWORKS modelling software. Stresses in the PDL were evaluated with extrusive and rotational movements by a 3D FEM using ANSYS software with nonlinear material properties. Results It was observed that with the application of extrusive load, the tensile stresses were seen at the apex whereas the compressive stress was distributed at the cervical margin. With the application of rotational movements, maximum compressi vstress was distributed at the apex and cervical third whereas the tensile stress was distributed on cervical third of the PDL on the lingual surface. Conclusion For rotational and extrusion movements, stress values over the periodontal ligament was within the range of optimal stress value as proposed by Lee, with a given force system by Proffit as optimum forces for orthodontic tooth movement using nonlinear properties. During rotation there are stresses concentrated at the apex, hence due to the concentration of the compressive forces at the apex a clinician must avoid placing heavy stresses during tooth movement. How to cite this article Hemanth M, Raghuveer HP, Rani MS, Hegde C, Kabbur KJ, Chaithra D, Vedavathi B. An Analysis of the Stress Induced in the Periodontal Ligament during Extrusion and Rotation Movements—Part II: A Comparison of vs Nonlinear FEM Linear Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16(10):819-823.

scholarly journals In vivo microcomputed tomography evaluation of rat alveolar bone and root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Ru ◽  
Sean Shih-Yao Liu ◽  
Li Zhuang ◽  
Song Li ◽  
Yuxing Bai
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Bone Volume Fraction ◽  
Trabecular Thickness

ABSTRACT Objective: To observe the real-time microarchitecture changes of the alveolar bone and root resorption during orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: A 10 g force was delivered to move the maxillary left first molars mesially in twenty 10-week-old rats for 14 days. The first molar and adjacent alveolar bone were scanned using in vivo microcomputed tomography at the following time points: days 0, 3, 7, and 14. Microarchitecture parameters, including bone volume fraction, structure model index, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, and trabecular separation of alveolar bone, were measured on the compression and tension side. The total root volume was measured, and the resorption crater volume at each time point was calculated. Univariate repeated measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni corrections were performed to compare the differences in each parameter between time points with significance level at P < .05. Results: From day 3 to day 7, bone volume fraction, structure model index, trabecular thickness, and trabecular separation decreased significantly on the compression side, but the same parameters increased significantly on the tension side from day 7 to day 14. Root resorption volume of the mesial root increased significantly on day 7 of orthodontic loading. Conclusions: Real-time root and bone resorption during orthodontic movement can be observed in 3 dimensions using in vivo micro-CT. Alveolar bone resorption and root resorption were observed mostly in the apical third on day 7 on the compression side; bone formation was observed on day 14 on the tension side during orthodontic tooth movement.

scholarly journals Cellular and Molecular Changes in Orthodontic Tooth Movement

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1788-1803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrul Hisham Zainal Ariffin ◽  
Zulham Yamamoto ◽  
lntan Zarina Zainol Abidin ◽  
Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab ◽  
Zaidah Zainal Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Compression Region ◽  
Tissue Changes

Tooth movement induced by orthodontic treatment can cause sequential reactions involving the periodontal tissue and alveolar bone, resulting in the release of numerous substances from the dental tissues and surrounding structures. To better understand the biological processes involved in orthodontic treatment, improve treatment, and reduce adverse side effects, several of these substances have been proposed as biomarkers. Potential biological markers can be collected from different tissue samples, and suitable sampling is important to accurately reflect biological processes. This paper covers the tissue changes that are involved during orthodontic tooth movement such as at compression region (involving osteoblasts), tension region (involving osteoclasts), dental root, and pulp tissues. Besides, the involvement of stem cells and their development towards osteoblasts and osteoclasts during orthodontic treatment have also been explained. Several possible biomarkers representing these biological changes during specific phenomenon, that is, bone remodelling (formation and resorption), inflammation, and root resorption have also been proposed. The knowledge of these biomarkers could be used in accelerating orthodontic treatment.

Effects of Prostaglandin E2 on Alveolar Bone Resorption during Orthodontic Tooth Movement

1988 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Fu Chao ◽  
Chung Shih ◽  
Teen-Meei Wang ◽  
Tai-Hua Lo
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Prostaglandin E

The role of HIF-1α in nicotine-induced root and bone resorption during orthodontic tooth movement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Ullrich ◽  
Agnes Schröder ◽  
Maria Bauer ◽  
Gerrit Spanier ◽  
Jonathan Jantsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Alternative Mechanism ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts ◽  
Expression Ratio ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Study Results

Summary Background In orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), pseudo-inflammatory processes occur that are similar to those of nicotine-induced periodontitis. Previous studies have shown that nicotine accelerates OTM, but induces periodontal bone loss and dental root resorption via synergistically increased osteoclastogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in nicotine-induced osteoclastogenesis during OTM. Materials/Methods Male Fischer-344 rats were treated with l-Nicotine (1.89 mg/kg/day s.c., N = 10) or NaCl solution (N = 10). After a week of premedication, a NiTi spring was inserted to mesialize the first upper left molar. The extent of dental root resorption, osteoclastogenesis, and HIF-1α protein expression was determined by (immuno)histology, as well as bone volume (BV/TV) and trabecular thickness (TbTh) using µCT. Receptor activator of nuclear factor of activated B-cells ligand (RANK-L), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and HIF-1α expression were examined at the protein level in periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF) exposed to pressure, nicotine and/or hypoxia, as well as PDLF-induced osteoclastogenesis in co-culture experiments with osteoclast progenitor cells. Results Nicotine favoured dental root resorptions and osteoclastogenesis during OTM, while BV/TV and TbTh were only influenced by force. This nicotine-induced increase does not appear to be mediated by HIF-1α, since HIF-1α was stabilized by force application and hypoxia, but not by nicotine. The in vitro data showed that the hypoxia-induced increase in RANK-L/OPG expression ratio and PDLF-mediated osteoclastogenesis was less pronounced than the nicotine-induced increase. Conclusions Study results indicate that the nicotine-induced increase in osteoclastogenesis and periodontal bone resorption during OTM may not be mediated by hypoxic effects or HIF-1α stabilization in the context of nicotine-induced vasoconstriction, but rather by an alternative mechanism.

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