scholarly journals Generativity Among Japanese Elderly: Its Association With Demographic Characteristics and Health Indicators

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 422-423
Author(s):  
Sachiko Murayama ◽  
Erika Kobayashi ◽  
Masataka Kuraoka ◽  
Kumiko Nonaka ◽  
Motoki Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Developmental Task ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Japanese Elderly ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract Generativity is defined as concern and activity dedicated to contributing to the welfare of others, especially younger generations. Although generativity is postulated to be an important developmental task in old age, there are few reports of its related factors in Asian countries. The purpose of our study is to examine the gender difference of generativity and to explore the defining factors among Japanese elderly. During August to September 2016, we conducted a questionnaire survey for randomly selected 1,187 people aged 65–84 years in the Tokyo area (527 males, 660 females, mean age 72.6 years±5.5), and measured the following variables: generativity, gender, age, length of residence, parental status (having children or grandchildren), working status, commitment to child-rearing activities, mental health (WHO-5 scores), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). As a result of Student’s t-test, we found that males scored significantly higher on generativity than females (t=2.678, df=1067.097, p<.01). Moreover, we carried out multiple regression analysis, separated by gender. The results showed that, only among males, generativity was positively related to age (β=.096, p<.05) and having children (β=.148, p<.001). In addition, we found that generativity was positively associated with the following variables in both genders: having jobs, commitment to child-rearing activities, mental health, and IADLs (β=.081–.318, p=.000–.032). Among them, mental health and IADLs especially had strong effects on generativity (β=.188–.318, p<.001). We have concluded that the related factors of generativity differ between males and females, but regardless of gender, health indicators are strongly associated with generativity in old age.

FEAR SYNDROME AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS DEATH IN YOUNGER AND OLDER FEMALES

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 333-344
Author(s):  
Stanislaw Lipinski
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
T Test ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Attitude Towards Death ◽  
Attitudes Towards Death ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

The author has measured attitudes regarding death and fear syndrome in a group of females of young and of old age. The results obtained via the Student's t-test reveal that older females demonstrate perceive death in the categories of value, inevitability and centrality, whereas younger females see it as tragic, absurd, mysterious and fearful.Regarding the fear syndrome older females demonstrate a higher level of hidden fear (HF) and a significantly higher level of needs and desires (Q4+), while younger females – a significantly higher level of neurotic tendencies (C-). The correlation between fear syndrome and attitude towards death also differentiate both examined groups. The attitude of the young females is marked mostly by fear.

Ageing Does Not Affect Ulnar Variance: An Investigation in Taiwan

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. -S. CHEN ◽  
J. -W. WANG
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Ulnar Variance ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

This paper presents a longitudinal study of the effect of ageing on ulnar variance. Between 1976 and 1985, ulnar variance in 1000 normal adult subjects was measured using the Palmer method. In 1995 to 2002, 17 to 22 years later, the ulnar variance was measured again in 864 of them. They were stratified into three age groups: Group I consisted of 351 subjects of young age (20–39 year-old), Group II of 318 subjects of middle age (40–59 year-old) and group III of 195 subjects of old age (60 year-old or older). The means of the initial and the final ulnar variance of the whole series and the three groups were compared by the paired Student’s t-test. There were no significant differences between the initial and final ulnar variances in all three age groups and in the whole series. In normal subjects without diseases or injuries affecting the wrist, ageing does not affect the ulnar variance.

scholarly journals Implementing a Universal Well-Being Assessment to Mitigate Barriers to Resident Utilization of Mental Health Resources

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Sofka ◽  
Carl Grey ◽  
Nathan Lerfald ◽  
Laura Davisson ◽  
Janie Howsare
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Well Being ◽  
West Virginia University ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Assessment Visit ◽  
Internal Medicine Residents ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Background  Physician utilization of well-being resources remains low despite efforts to promote use of these resources. Objective  We implemented a well-being assessment for internal medicine residents to improve access and use of mental health services. Methods  We scheduled all postgraduate year 1 (PGY-1) and PGY-2 residents at West Virginia University for the assessment at our faculty and staff assistance program (FSAP). While the assessment was intended to be universal (all residents), we allowed residents to “opt out.” The assessment visit consisted of an evaluation by a licensed therapist, who assisted residents with a wellness plan. Anonymous surveys were distributed to all residents, and means were compared by Student's t test. Results  Thirty-eight of 41 PGY-1 and PGY-2 residents (93%) attended the scheduled appointments. Forty-two of 58 residents (72%, including PGY-3s) completed the survey. Of 42 respondents, 28 (67%) attended the assessment sessions, and 14 (33%) did not. Residents who attended the sessions gave mean ratings of 7.8 for convenience (1, not convenient, to 9, very convenient), and 7.9 for feeling embarrassed if colleagues knew they attended (1, very embarrassed, to 9, not embarrassed). Residents who attended the assessment sessions reported they were more likely to use FSAP services in the future, compared with those who did not attend (P < .001). Conclusions  Offering residents a well-being assessment may have mitigated barriers to using counseling resources. The majority of residents who participated had a positive view of the program and indicated they would return to FSAP if they felt they needed counseling.

87 OVARIAN RESERVE, EMBRYO PRODUCTION, AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH ANTI-MÜLLERIAN HORMONE (AMH) IN HOLSTEIN COWS

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
J. Verstegen ◽  
A. Rozner
Keyword(s):  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Follicular Reserve ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Student’S T Test

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a small peptide hormone that has been associated with ovarian follicular reserve in humans and in some animal species including bovine. Profiles of AMH, as well as the relationship between serum AMH to oocyte number and in vivo embryo production, were evaluated in Holstein cows. AMH levels were determined in 15 unstimulated cows at monthly intervals for 4 months and in 394 male and 399 female developing Holstein animals from birth to adulthood. Also, AMH was measured in 41 heifers at the time of ovum pick-up (OPU) and 125 heifers at the time of embryo flushing. Superovulation was induced before OPU or embryo flushing using a modified Ovsynch protocol with 4 days of decreasing FSH (Pluset H®, MOFA Global, Verona, WI, USA). Blood samples were collected using serum tubes and spun within 2 h. The samples were stored at –20°C until evaluated for AMH using the AMH-Bovine specific immunoassay® (MOFA Global). AMH levels in males and females peaked at 2 months of age and then decrease as they reached adulthood. The average AMH level of adult cows was stable for each of the 4 monthly measurements, with a high correlation between all values per animal (r2 = 0.9077; P < 0.01), suggesting that AMH levels are consistent for at least 4 consecutive months. However, AMH levels were lowest during the summer months, suggesting a seasonal change in AMH secretion. Animals repeatedly ovarian stimulated showed decreasing AMH levels (509 ± 295, 299 ± 210, 211 ± 119) with subsequent stimulations. There was also a significant decrease in the number of embryos recovered (5.7 ± 4, 2.2 ± 1.9; P = 0.02); however, the number of oocytes was not altered by multiple stimulations (9.9 ± 9.8, 8.1 ± 6.2; P = 0.57). Because AMH and embryo numbers decreased after multiple stimulations, the first AMH value and results of the first OPU or embryo flush were used for the correlation of AMH to the number of oocytes or embryos. Animals were separated into 3 AMH categories: low (<100), normal (100–400), and high (>400 pg mL–1). High AMH OPU animals had significantly higher numbers of oocytes than the normal or low AMH groups (13.8 ± 9.2, 9.2 ± 5.3, 5.6 ± 3.9; P = 0.001). High AMH flushed animals had significantly higher numbers of embryos than animals with low AMH (10.9 ± 8.0, 5.7 ± 5; P = 0.002). Statistical analyses were performed using Statview 5. Differences were determined using Student's t-test; P < 0.05 was considered significant. In conclusion, AMH serum concentrations are consistent over multiple months; however, blood should not be taken for animal selection by AMH after ovarian stimulations have begun and should be interpreted with caution during the summer months. AMH is highly associated with superovulation response and oocyte and embryo production and should improve efficiency of multiple-ovulation embryo transfer.

scholarly journals Skeletal effects of RME in the transverse and vertical dimensions of the nasal cavity in mouth-breathing growing children

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Cappellette Jr. ◽  
Lucia Hatsue Yamamoto Nagai ◽  
Raquel Mori Gonçalves ◽  
Aparecida Keiko Yuki ◽  
Shirley Shizue Nagata Pignatari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Craniofacial Development ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Respiratory Dysfunction ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Skeletal Effects ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Maxillary Constriction ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Introduction: Maxillary constriction is a dentoskeletal deformity characterized by discrepancy in maxilla/mandible relationship in the transverse plane, which may be associated with respiratory dysfunction. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the skeletal effects of RME on maxillary and nasal transverse dimensions and compare the differences between males and females. Methods: Sixty-one mouth-breathers patients with skeletal maxillary constriction (35 males and 26 females, mean age 9.6 years) were included in the study. Posteroanterior (PA) radiographs were taken before expansion (T1) and 3 months after expansion (T2). Data obtained from the evaluation of T1 and T2 cephalograms were tested for normality with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov method. The Student’s t-test was performed for each measurement to determine sex differences. Results: RME produced a significant increase in all linear measurements of maxillary and nasal transverse dimensions. Conclusions: No significant differences were associated regarding sex. The RME produced significant width increases in the maxilla and nasal cavity, which are important for treatment stability, improving respiratory function and craniofacial development.

scholarly journals Anxiety and Depression as Predictive Factors of Quality of Life in Old Age: A Longitudinal Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 900-900
Author(s):  
Oscar Ribeiro ◽  
Lia Araújo ◽  
Laetitia Teixeira ◽  
Carmen Rodríguez-Blázquez ◽  
Maria Joao Forjaz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Effect Of Age

Abstract Research on the effect of age in quality of life (QoL) is controversial, and doubts remain if this effect is continuous and if it disappears when controlling for other factors. Most studies have verified the association of health-related factors, such as poor physical health, functional impairment, and depression with lower scores of QoL in old age. But studies that analyse such an association in non-clinical samples through longitudinal analysis and including anxiety as a mental health factor remain very rare. This study relies on data from two waves from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) and focuses on a representative sample of individuals aged 50+ from Portugal. It comprises 1782 participants (baseline), of which 1201 were reassessed. The mean age was 64.8 years (sd=9.3 years) and 55.4% were female. Linear Mixed Effects models were performed to identify potential factors associated with changes of QoL across age. According with the final model (pseudo-R2 equal to 0.421), a significant effect of age as time-dependent factor was verified, observing a decline of QoL with increasing age. Years of education, depression and anxiety at baseline were significantly associated with QoL. Thus, the effect of age on quality of life remains significant even when other factors are considered. The influence of mental health on QoL reinforces the importance of intervening in both depressive and anxiety symptoms in old age.

Root Cause Analyses of Suicides of Mental Health Clients

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 316-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Gillies ◽  
David Chicop ◽  
Paul O'Halloran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Data Collection Tool ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Communication Problems ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Mental Health Clients ◽  
Imminent Risk

Abstract. Background: The ability to predict imminent risk of suicide is limited, particularly among mental health clients. Root cause analysis (RCA) can be used by health services to identify service-wide approaches to suicide prevention. Aims: To (a) develop a standardized taxonomy for RCAs; (b) to quantitate service-related factors associated with suicides; and (c) to identify service-related suicide prevention strategies. Method: The RCAs of all people who died by suicide within 1 week of contact with the mental health service over 5 years were thematically analyzed using a data collection tool. Results: Data were derived from RCAs of all 64 people who died by suicide between 2008 and 2012. Major themes were categorized as individual, situational, and care-related factors. The most common factor was that clients had recently denied suicidality. Reliance on carers, recent changes in medication, communication problems, and problems in follow-through were also commonly identified. Conclusion: Given the difficulty in predicting suicide in people whose expressions of suicidal ideation change so rapidly, services may consider the use of strategies aimed at improving the individual, stressor, support, and care factors identified in this study.

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