scholarly journals Qualitative Research With HIV+ Older Adults Living in Rural Areas: Methodological Considerations During COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 587-588
Author(s):  
Erin Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Older adults living with HIV/AIDS (OALWHA) in rural areas of the U.S. are a highly marginalized community. Intersectional stigma related to age, HIV status, geography, sexual orientation, gender identity, and race oftentimes create a complex lived experience for this population group. While there is a significant need for qualitative research that highlights the intersecting stigmas experienced by OALWHA in rural areas, recruitment challenges exist. Fear of being outed in their rural communities, due to their HIV status and LGBTQ+ identities, makes many OALWHA reluctant to participate in research. However, there is much resiliency in the population as well, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. In fact, as research approaches have pivoted to phone/virtual data collection during the pandemic, this can help promote anonymity among this population group. This presentation will detail methodological considerations for recruitment, data collection, and analysis for qualitative research with OALWHA in rural areas of the U.S.

scholarly journals Loneliness Among the Elderly in Rural Contexts: A Mixed-Method Study Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160940692199686
Author(s):  
Borja Rivero Jiménez ◽  
David Conde-Caballero ◽  
Lorenzo Mariano Juárez
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Population Group ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Technological Tools

Loneliness among the elderly has become a pressing issue in Western societies. In the Spanish context, the problem of the so-called “empty” Spain disproportionately affects this population group—elderly individuals living in rural areas with low population density, and therefore at higher risk of social exclusion and isolation. We introduce here a mixed-method, quantitative-qualitative research protocol, triangulated with technological tools, designed to improve both data acquisition and subsequent data analysis and interpretation. This study will take place in a rural locality in the Extremadura region (Spain), chosen according to a particular socio-demographic profile. The De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale will be used on a cohort of 80 people over 65 years old. Within this cohort, a smaller sample of 20–30 individuals will be selected for semi-structured interviews about their beliefs and experiences of loneliness. Finally, data gathered from technological tools (smartbands, Bluetooth sensors) will allow us to monitor social interactions and to map daily loneliness/interaction patterns. Data will be triangulated by analyzing and comparing the empirical material gathered through these different methods and tools. Strict adherence to ethical standards for data protection and handling will be essential through data collection and analysis. As well as providing insights into the phenomenon of loneliness in old age, the use of different methods and tools for data collection will provide the basis for an epistemological reflection on the scope and limits of each one of these methods.

scholarly journals Umbilical cord care through community-based distribution of chlorhexidine in rural Sindh, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Shah ◽  
Q Jamali ◽  
F Aisha
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cord Care ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Sindh Province ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background Unsafe practices such as cutting umbilical cord with unsterilized instruments and application of harmful substances, are in practice in many rural areas of Pakistan, and associated with high risk of neonatal sepsis and mortality. Methods We conducted an implementation research in 2015 in Tharparkar district, in Sindh province of Pakistan to understand the feasibility and acceptability of community-based distribution of chlorhexidine (CHX) in rural Pakistan. For this cohort group-only study, 225 lady health workers (LHWs) enrolled 495 pregnant women. Enrolled women received 4% CHX gel and user’s instructions for newborn cord care. The LHWs also counseled women on the benefits and correct use of CHX. Study enumerators collected data from CHX receiving women 3 times: at around 2 weeks before delivery, within 24 hours after delivery, and on the 8th day after delivery. We implemented this study jointly in collaboration with Ministry of Health in Sindh province, Pakistan. Results Among enrolled participants, 399 women (81%) received only the first visit, 295 women (60%) received first two visits and 261 women (53%) received all three visits by enumerators. Among 399 women, who received CHX gel, counseling on its use and were respondent to the first round data collection, 78% remembered that the CHX gel to be applied to cord stump and surrounding areas immediately after birth; but less than a third (29%) forgot the need to keep the cord clean and dry. Among 295 respondents in the first two rounds of data collection, who delivered at home, 97% applied CHX to cord stump on the first day. Conclusions Community-based CHX distribution by LHWs, along with counseling to recipient women, resulted in a high rate of cord care with CHX among newborn delivered at home. Results from this study may help program implementers to consider expanding this intervention for improving newborn cord care on the first day of life in Pakistan. Key messages Community-based distribution of chlorhexidine for newborn cord care appears as highly acceptable and feasible in rural communities in Pakistan. Relevant program policy supporting community-based CHX distribution along with counseling by LHW may help expanding coverage of newborn cord care in rural communities in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Exploring Daily Activity Patterns on the Typical Day of Older Adults for Supporting Aging-in-Place in China’s Rural Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8416
Author(s):  
Ziqi Zhang ◽  
Zhi Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Definition Of

Severe aging in rural China is prompting communities to promote support for older people to age in place. The study of the daily life of older adults in rural areas is conducive to understanding their real life and demands, as well as the way they interact with their environment, to develop feasible strategies. In this study, 171 older adults over 60 years old in two different types of villages in Northern Zhejiang Province were investigated and analyzed in terms of the temporal and spatial features of daily activities, as well as their relationship with population attributes, personal competence, and subjective demands. The results show that: (1) significant association can be seen between working hours and the demand for health services, housework hours and gender and age, as well as leisure hours and ADL and the demand for recreational services. (2) The older adults appear to have inter-group homogeneity in some aspects: basic living activities, leisure hours, the gender difference in housework hours, and recreational preference, while they have higher average paid work hours and fewer leisure alternatives than their urban counterparts. Their definitions of paid work, housework, and leisure activities are vague. (3) The definition of home by the older adults in rural places sometimes seems to go beyond the scope of their own house, and the extensive definition of home may change their recognitions of some activities. They also inclined to assign meaning to a place through frequent use rather than through external definitions. (4) The weak consciousness on buying services and deteriorated financial situation hinders the older adults in rural communities from expressing their real demands. Unspoken demands include economic security, recreational choices, and assistance in housework. The results will help to provide references for the improvement of eldercare services and the community environment.

scholarly journals Nurses attitude and perceived factors that influence working in rural communities in Delta State, South-South Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Ehiemere IO ◽  
Onorikpori T ◽  
Nwaneri A ◽  
Ndie EC ◽  
Emeh A
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Community Health Nurses ◽  
Nurses Attitude

The study was aimed at determining nurses’ attitude to and perceived factors that influence posting and working in rural communities in Delta State, Nigeria. Descriptive cross-sectional research design was used for the study. A total of 129 nurses covering the entire nursing staff working in these communities were studied. The instrument for data collection was questionnaire. The data obtained were subjected to simple descriptive statistics and t-test analysis. The results interestingly showed that nurses have positive attitude towards the acceptance of rural postings. This positive attitude not withstanding it was concluded that community Health nurses should be posted to rural areas since they are better prepared by training to work in rural communities.

scholarly journals FALL RISK BEHAVIORS AND INTRINSIC RISK FACTORS FOR FALLS IN INDIGENOUS AND NON-INDIGENOUS RURAL OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S471-S472
Author(s):  
Andre G Bouweraerts ◽  
Justus Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Fall Risk Factors ◽  
Fall Rates ◽  
Risk Factors For Falls

Abstract Within California, older adults living in rural counties have reported higher rates of falls than urban dwelling older adults. Although many Indigenous people live in rural areas, it is unclear whether the rate of falls among Indigenous older adults is similar to that of non-indigenous older adults living in rural areas. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine fall risk behaviors and intrinsic risk factors for falls in rural dwelling Indigenous (N = 89), and non-Indigenous (N = 68) older adults 60-95 years of age living in California. Results showed that both Indigenous and non-Indigenous older adults share similarly high fall rates, but there are a much greater number of Indigenous older adults falling multiple times a year. Moreover, fall risk behaviors and intrinsic fall risk factors were significantly different between Indigenous and non-Indigenous rural-dwelling older adults. Future studies should investigate falls and fall risk factors in different tribes/locations of Indigenous older adults to better understand whether these risk factors differ among tribes. Moreover, it would be beneficial for future studies to assess the effectiveness of fall prevention exercises on fall risk in these communities. Information gained from this study helps to inform clinicians and researchers alike about the prevalence of falls and factors contributing to falls among Indigenous older adults living in rural communities; and helps to influence decisions in the future of programs for reducing fall risk in this often neglected population.

The Possibility of a Sustainable Rural Development by Husbanding Precious Resources

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-98
Author(s):  
Fariha Bibi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Rural Sustainability ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level

The present chapter aimed at making out the possibility of sustainable rural development by husbanding precious resources in the rural areas, particularly the rural areas of the Central Karakoram zone in Pakistan. For this purpose, a qualitative research design was manipulated in order to decipher the maximum chance of attaining rural sustainability in these areas through a thorough perusal of various relevant past studies. Hence, the information, gleaned from the archival sources and elucidated hermeneutically, signified a high level of effectiveness of the economical use of natural resources for retaining sufficient and passable degree of sustainability in the rural areas. Consequently, the hermeneutic assertions, made by the researcher of this study, accentuated the inculcation of numerous assorted customary husbandry methods, adopted and employed by the pure traditional rural communities, among the modern rural population of the Central Karakoram zone in Pakistan as well in order to enhance the possibility of arriving at the rural sustainability in these areas. Recognizing the value of certain reliable husbandry practices, the study deemed and estimated a maximum accomplishment of targets set out for attaining sustainable rural development all around the world, particularly in the Central Karakoram zone in Pakistan.

Community-Engaged Older Adult-Led Policy, Systems, and Environment Interventions in the MS High Obesity Program

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 420-420
Author(s):  
Masey Smith ◽  
Katie Halfacre ◽  
Megan Holmes ◽  
David Buys
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Policy Systems ◽  
Work Done

Abstract Older adults in rural areas are at unique risk for poor outcomes due to social isolation and limited access to resources. The Mississippi High Obesity Program (HOP) aims to enhance access to social connections and resources like community gardens, food pantries, and physical activity as part of its broader objective to prevent and reduce obesity. Through policy, systems and environment strategies, development of Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs) between aforementioned entities, and community based participatory research approaches, Mississippi HOP efforts enhance food systems improvement efforts; grow multi-sectoral collaboration; and evaluate the effectiveness of new policies, and specifically MOUs, in reaching these goals. Older adults represent more than 40% (n=27) of all coalition members and stakeholder leaders (n=61); they are essential for the success of these initiatives. This presentation will highlight the work done during the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of and benefits to older adults, especially ones in rural communities.

Spit: Saliva in Nursing Research, Uses and Methodological Considerations in Older Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Lynn Woods ◽  
Janet C. Mentes
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Summary Statistics ◽  
Individual Vulnerability ◽  
Methodological Considerations

Over the last 10 years, interest in the analysis of saliva as a biomarker for a variety of systemic diseases or for potential disease has soared. There are numerous advantages to using saliva as a biological fluid, particularly for nurse researchers working with vulnerable populations, such as frail older adults. Most notably, it is noninvasive and easier to collect than serum or urine. The authors describe their experiences with the use of saliva in research with older adults that examined (a) osmolality as an indicator of hydration status and (b) cortisol and behavioral symptoms of dementia. In particular, the authors discuss the timing of data collection along with data analysis and interpretation. For example, it is not enough to detect levels or rely solely on summary statistics; rather it is critical to characterize any rhythmicity inherent in the parameter of interest. Not accounting for rhythmicity in the analysis and interpretation of data can limit the interpretation of associations, thus impeding advances related to the contribution that an altered rhythm may make to individual vulnerability.

scholarly journals Do Age-Friendly Rural Communities Affect Quality of Life? A Comparison of Perceptions from Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7283
Author(s):  
Jingyu Yu ◽  
Guixia Ma ◽  
Shuxia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Outdoor Spaces

The aging population in rural areas of China faces serious challenges due to urban–rural disparities. In order to improve the active aging of rural older adults, the establishment of age-friendly communities is encouraged. However, globally, the focus is on age-friendly communities in urban areas, not reflecting rural communities. Hence, we addressed the importance of age-friendly rural communities (AFRCs) and aimed to investigate their impact on the quality of life (QoL) of older adults. We examined different perceptions of AFRCs among older adults (aged over 60) and middle-aged people (45–60) in rural communities with questionnaire surveys (n = 470 and 393, respectively). Several statistical methods, such as Chi-squared test, t-test, reliability test, and multiple regression, were adopted to investigate and compare the perceptions of these two. The results indicated that (1) middle-aged people were more satisfied with AFRC components and had a higher QoL than older adults; (2) the QoL of middle-aged people was predicted by housing, accessibility, and outdoor spaces; (3) the QoL of older adults was affected by housing, outdoor spaces, social participation, and public transportation. These findings aid in our understanding of rural communities and the QoL of rural residents. They are helpful for urban planners and policymakers to improve the planning of AFRCs and supplement research on age-friendly communities in rural areas. Practical implementations are proposed for the planning of AFRCs, such as the passive design of residential housing, grouping of community facilities together, and improvement in the hygiene of outdoor spaces in rural areas.

scholarly journals The revitalization of “Osekkai”: How the COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the importance of Japanese voluntary social work

2020 ◽  
pp. 147332502097334
Author(s):  
Ryuichi Ohta ◽  
Akiko Yata
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Social Connection ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Japanese Word ◽  
The Face

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused worldwide panic, and rural areas are no exception. In Japanese rural areas, many older people live alone and lack access to reliable sources of information. During the pandemic, older adults were initially isolated from their communities because of the recommended social isolation measures, even when there were no cases in rural communities. However, various formal and informal caregivers went beyond their usual roles and tried to reconnect the older rural population with their communities and nurtured their social connections; Japanese community workers mitigated the stress and fear experienced by the rural elderly in the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, this pandemic encouraged rural Japanese customs. One such custom is “Osekkai.” The Japanese word Osekkai describes actions that someone considers useful and meaningful to perform for others. Osekkai involves both formal and informal care, and as social gatherings began to disappear, Osekkai allowed individuals to deal with the various social problems created by the pandemic. Conferences based on Osekkai can strengthen rural people’s connections and improve their social capital. Activities of rural people that are constructed through Osekkai conferences are not only evidence-based but also based on reliance. This unprecedented pandemic has taught us not only the importance of usual healthcare and precautions against infection but also that nurturing social connection in communities is crucial in the face of social turbulence.

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