Application of the theory of planned behavior to predict smoking intentions: cross-cultural comparison of Kenyan and American young adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Lu ◽  
YoungJu Shin ◽  
Mary W Gitau ◽  
Margaret W Njoroge ◽  
Peter Gitau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Cultural Adaptations ◽  
Cultural Variations ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
American Model ◽  
American Young Adults

Abstract Despite well-established research on the applications of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in the American culture, TPB has not been fully tested in the Kenyan culture. This study compared the applications of TPB in predicting smoking intentions (i.e., future and weekend smoking intentions) of Kenyan and American young adults. Data were collected from 252 Kenyans and 227 Americans. The Kenyan participants consisted of 41.7% females with a mean age of 25 years (SD = 4.81). The American participants (49.3% females) had an average age of 19 years (SD = 1.30). Multi-group path analysis was performed to test the equivalence of a TPB-based mediation model in Kenyans and Americans. Significant differences of TPB application were detected. In the American model, smoking consequence beliefs were indirectly associated with smoking intentions through attitudes whereas neither direct nor indirect effects of smoking consequence beliefs were detected in the Kenyan model. Instead, normative beliefs indirectly associated with future and weekend smoking intentions through attitudes and subjective norms in the Kenyan model. Despite some overlapping paths, there were cultural variations on specific associations among TPB constructs between Kenyans and Americans. Cultural adaptations may be needed when applying TPB in the Kenyan cultural context.

scholarly journals Still careless: Findings from a cross-sectional study of young pedestrians’ risky road crossing behaviors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Hashemiparast ◽  
Manoj Sharma ◽  
Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi ◽  
Zahra Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Road Crossing

Abstract Background: Pedestrian-vehicle collision is one of the most common traffic injuries worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of pedestrians' road crossing beliefs and behaviors in potentially risky situations using the Theory of Planned Behavior among Iranian young adults. Methods: This was a population-based study on a sample of 562 young adults aged 18 to 25 years living in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected by using a self-administered validated questionnaire including constructs of the theory of planned behavior and items of perceived risk and severity.. The data were analyzed using independent t-test, analysis of covariance and multivariate analysis of variance. Results: From all the respondents, 17.8% reported that they had previous experience of vehicle-collision. Among those with previous experience reported fewer safety behaviors than those who did not experience an accident. It was found significant differences between participants with and without a history of vehicle-collision for perceived risk (mean difference, adjusted multivariate P-value: -5.77, 0.027) and perceived severity (-6.08, 0.003), attitude toward traffic regulations (-6.34, 0.006), attitude toward behavior (-7.56, 0.005), perceived behavioral control (-5.20, 0.018), behavioral intention (-5.35, 0.046) and road crossing behavior in potentially risky situations (-5.37, 0.004). Conclusions: Previous unpleasant experience of vehicle-collision is not the only determinant of self-protective behaviors in road- crossing which indicate the role of cognitive and motivational factors such as, subjective norms, attitudes towards risk, feelings of invulnerability in case of facing with vehicle collision.

Young adults and wine consumption a qualitative application of the theory of planned behavior

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 832-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Patrícia Silva ◽  
Isabel Figueiredo ◽  
Tim Hogg ◽  
Miguel Sottomayor
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wine Consumption ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Purpose – The aim of this study is to identify perceptions, attitudes and behavior of young adults concerning wine consumption, using the “theory of planned behavior” as a theoretical framework. Design/methodology/approach – The aim of this study is to identify perceptions, attitudes and behavior of young adults concerning wine consumption, using the “theory of planned behavior” as a theoretical framework. Findings – The major findings are that attitudes and subjective norms are, apparently, the components with most influence on behavior of young people in relation to wine consumption. For the consumers group, attitudes seem to be the most crucial component, especially the “interest in alcohol”. They drink it in special occasions for sociability and to disinhibit. Regarding the non-consumers group, the main attitude is “dislike taste”. Also the subjective norms, are very present, especially parents, society, friends and publicity, in consumers group. The non-consumers have the perception of greater parental induction to not consume wine. No significant differences were found between gender or educational system. Research limitations/implications – Concerning the results, a limited, convenience sample, was employed and this is assumedly an exploratory study. Therefore the results cannot be considered to represent a broad section of the groups studied. Still sample related, only Portuguese young adults students were studied. Social implications – This research can contribute not only for the knowledge relating to Portugal as a wine consuming environment but also to the general area of attitudes and perceptions of young people towards moderate wine consumption. As today young adults, novice or potential wine consumers will be the next generation of wine consumers, it can be beneficial for wine marketers to focus on this target population aiming at exploring further their engagement with wine. Originality/value – This research has an originally approach to wine consumption by young adults once it focus and explore the non-problematic behavior of young adults about wine consumption. The results of this study can contribute to the development of targeted advertising and publicity of the wine industry, in order to promote moderate wine consumption among young adults.

Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior in Academic Cheating Research–Cross-Cultural Comparison

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 638-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Chudzicka-Czupała ◽  
Damian Grabowski ◽  
Abby L. Mello ◽  
Joana Kuntz ◽  
Daniela Victoria Zaharia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Academic Cheating ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison

scholarly journals Using Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict Nonmedical Anabolic Steroid Use in Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitesh Enaker
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Anabolic Steroid ◽  
Real World ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Steroid Use ◽  
Dangerous Behaviors ◽  
Effective Programs

Nonmedical anabolic steroid use affects as many as three million Americans. Young adults often perform dangerous behaviors while using nonmedical anabolic steroids. For health promoters to design effective programs combating the use of nonmedical anabolic steroids, a theoretical framework may be necessary.  The Theory of Planned Behavior is often applied to predict behavior, and the use of the elements of the Theory of Planned Behavior may help develop a real-world construct to prevent steroid use. The purpose of this article is to explore the application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to improve understanding of the influences of nonmedical anabolic steroid use.

Differences in Smoking Attitudes of Adolescents and Young Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evdoxia Kosmidou ◽  
Yannis Theodorakis
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Past Behavior ◽  
Intention To Smoke ◽  
Attitudes Toward Smoking

This study employed the Theory of Planned Behavior to examine the differences between adolescent ( n = 182) and young adults ( n = 209) in their intention to smoke and examined possible differences. Analysis showed that young adults had more positive self-reported attitudes toward smoking than adolescents, had higher intentions to smoke, lower perceived behavioral control over smoking and perceived they were more informed about smoking. The Theory of Planned Behavior provided good prediction of intention for both young adults ( R2 = .70, attitudes, information, and past behavior significant) and adolescents ( R2 = .68, attitudes, past behavior significant). For both samples attitudes were the strongest predictor of intentions to smoke. Implications for understanding intention toward smoking between adolescents and young adults are discussed.

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