Polarographic Determination of Piperazine in Animal Feeds

1971 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-557
Author(s):  
J D McLean ◽  
O L Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Condensation Product ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Diffusion Current ◽  
Polarographic Determination ◽  
Saturated Calomel Reference Electrode ◽  
Polarographic Method ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Animal Feeds

Abstract A simple and rapid polarographic method has been developed for the analysis of piperazine in animal feeds. A polarographically reducible condensation product of piperazine dihydrochloride is formed in the presence of excess formaldehyde in pH 5 buffer solution; the diffusion current of the product is measured at —0.98 v vs. a saturated calomel reference electrode.

Polarographic Determination of Traces of Gold in Blood and Serum

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary D Christian
Keyword(s):  
Relative Error ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Polarographic Determination ◽  
Polarographic Method ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Gold Sample

Abstract A polarographic method for the determination of as little as 1 µg. of gold in blood and serum samples is described. The relative error is 2.1%. After the sample is dry ashed at 550°, the gold is extracted into ether as the chloride, to separate it from interfering copper and iron. A polarogram of the gold sample is obtained in 2 M potassium hydroxide. The method should be applicable to the determination of gold in other biological samples containing interfering elements.

scholarly journals Determination of Mercury (II) Ion on Aryl Amide-Type Podand-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevgi Güney ◽  
Gülcemal Yıldız ◽  
Gönül Yapar
Keyword(s):  
Glassy Carbon Electrode ◽  
Modified Electrode ◽  
Glassy Carbon ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Acetate Buffer Solution ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode ◽  
Buffer Solution

A new voltammetric sensor based on an aryl amide type podand, 1,8-bis(o-amidophenoxy)-3,6-dioxaoctane, (AAP) modified glassy carbon electrode, was described for the determination of trace level of mercury (II) ion by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). A well-defined anodic peak corresponding to the oxidation of mercury on proposed electrode was obtained at 0.2 V versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The effect of experimental parameters on differential voltammetric peak currents was investigated in acetate buffer solution of pH 7.0 containing 1 × 10−1 mol L−1NaCl. Mercury (II) ion was preconcentrated at the modified electrode by forming complex with AAP under proper conditions and then reduced on the surface of the electrode. Interferences of Cu2+, Pb2+, Fe3+, Cd2+, and Zn2+ions were also studied at two different concentration ratios with respect to mercury (II) ions. The modified electrode was applied to the determination of mercury (II) ions in seawater sample.

Polarographic Determination of Fumaric Acid in Foods

1968 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-537
Author(s):  
James E Taylor ◽  
V H Blomquist
Keyword(s):  
Fumaric Acid ◽  
Confidence Limit ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Polarographic Determination ◽  
Polarographic Method ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Grape Jelly

Abstract The previously reported polarographic method for determining fumaric acid in foods has been revised and subjected to collaborative study. Interferences from naturally occurring substances were kept to a minimum by using a 25.00 g sample of juices. Seven types of samples were sent to collaborators: grape jelly (0.10% added fumaric acid) and apple, lemon, orange, pineapple, sauerkraut, and tomato juices with 0.05, 0.10, and 0.50% added fumaric acid. Analysis at the 0.05 and 0.10% levels indicated a 95 % confidence limit of ± 0.003 about the means 0.05 and 0.10, respectively, while results from the 0.50% level indicated ± 0.01 about its mean of 0.48. It is recommended that the method be adopted as official, first action.

POLAROGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF BENZOYL PEROXIDE AND CUMENE HYDROPEROXIDE

1951 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Giguère ◽  
D. Lamontagne
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Benzoyl Peroxide ◽  
Mercury Electrode ◽  
Cumene Hydroperoxide ◽  
Polarographic Determination ◽  
Polarographic Method ◽  
Organic Peroxides ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Dropping Mercury Electrode

Benzoyl peroxide and cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) are reduced at the anodically polarized dropping mercury electrode, the former at about +0.3 volt vs. S.C.E., and the latter at +0.1 v. Their half-wave potentials as well as that of the two reduction steps of dissolved oxygen are gradually shifted towards more negative values with increasing concentration of organic peroxides. The polarographic method is suitable for determining these peroxides in concentrations up to 2 × 10−3 mole per liter. Dissolved oxygen does not interfere seriously with the analyses.

Polarographic studies of α-substituted cystines

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 713-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Thibert ◽  
R. J. Walton
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Diffusion Current ◽  
Polarographic Determination ◽  
Wave Potential ◽  
Titration Curves ◽  
Half Wave Potential ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Relationship Of

The polarographic determination of some α-substituted cystines in 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, with thymol as a maximum suppressor, was investigated. A linear relationship of the diffusion current to the concentration of the compound was observed. The influence of substituent, thymol concentration, and pH on the apparent half-wave potential and shape of the polarograms was determined. The systems were not reversible.Potentiometric titration curves were obtained for the α-substituted cystines.

Differential Pulse Polarographic Determination of Saccharin in Foods: Collaborative Study

1980 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Holak ◽  
Benjamin Krinitz ◽  
◽  
R L Carr ◽  
R J Gajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Tetrabutylammonium Bromide ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Chromatographic Column ◽  
Polarographic Determination ◽  
Polarographic Method ◽  
A Current

Abstract An improved differential pulse polarographic method for the determination of saccharin in foods has been developed. The sample (if solid) is blended with water; an aliquot is acidified with HC1, mixed with Celite, transferred to a chromatographic column, and eluted with chloroform. After chloroform is evaporated with a current of air, the residue is dissolved in 0.1N NaOH, and an aliquot is polarographed in a supporting electrolyte composed of 0.1N HC1, 0.1N KC1, and 0.1% tetrabutylammonium bromide. The method is sensitive, relatively precise, and applicable to a wide variety of foods. A collaborative study has been conducted and the results indicate average recoveries of 101.5, 99.8, 96.9, 91.9, and 95.3%, respectively, for samples containing saccharin from 0.028 to 1.4%. The method has been adopted as official first action.

Determination of Radiochemical Purity and Pharmacokinetic Parameters of 99mTc-Sulphur Colloid and 99mTc-Tin Colloid

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (06) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Konstantinovska ◽  
K. Milivojević ◽  
J. Bzenić ◽  
V. Jovanović
Keyword(s):  
Radiochemical Purity ◽  
Slow Component ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Optimum Size ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Fast Phase ◽  
Biodistribution Studies ◽  
Biological Half Time

Labelling yield and radiochemical purity, higher than 95%, of 99mTc-colloid preparations were determined by using the paper chromatography method. Less than 3% of labelled citric acid, added to the preparation as a buffer solution, has been found in 99mTc-sulphur colloid. High radiochemical purity and optimum size of colloid particles has also been proved by biodistribution studies on experimental animals. The analysis performed has shown that more than 50% of 99mTc-colloid preparations excreted by urine is 99mTcO–, the remaining past 50% being protein bound 99mTc. Biological half-time of excretion of the fast phase is the same for both preparations, i.e. 10 min, while for the slow component it is 120 min in 99mTc-S-colloid and 160 min in 99mTc-Sn colloid.

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