Titrimetric Determination of Some Penicillins Using 2-Iodoxybenzoate

1990 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 896-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Belal, ◽  
A El-Brashy ◽  
F Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Assay Procedure ◽  
Titrimetric Determination ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Mechanism Of The Reaction

Abstract A simple semlmlcro titrimetric assay procedure Is described for determination of 6 semisynthetic penicillins, namely: ampiclllin, amoxicillin, benzylpenlclllin, epiclllln, hetaclllin, and phenoxymethylpenlcillln In addition to penicillamine. The method Involves the use of 2-lodoxybenzoate as a standard solution, whereby a known, excess volume Is added to the penicillins in acid medium and, after the specified time, the residual reagent is iodometrically determined. The molar ratio of the reaction Is assessed and a possible pathway for the mechanism of the reaction is suggested and confirmed through thin-layer chromatography (TLC) study of the reaction products. The proposed method is then applied to determination of the studied compounds In their dosage forms. Results obtained are in good agreement with those obtained by official methods.

scholarly journals Colorimetric and Titrimetric Methods for Determination of Some Cephalosporins in their Pure and Dosage Forms.

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisham E. Abdellatef ◽  
Abdalla A. Shalaby ◽  
Heba M. Elsaid ◽  
Magda M. Ayad
Keyword(s):  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Titrimetric Method ◽  
Beer's Law ◽  
Beer’S Law ◽  
Good Percentage ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Mechanism Of The Reaction

Two colorimetric and titrimetric procedures are developed for determination of some cephalosporins, namely, cefotaxime sodium (CFT), cehroxime sodium (CFU) and ceftazidime pentahydrate (CFZ). The first method, a colorimetric method, was based on the reaction of these cited drugs with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-Cl), in the presence of 5x10-3 M borax, with the formation of stable colored chromogens with maximum absorbance in the range of 409 - 414 nm. All variables affecting the development of the colour have been investigated and the conditions were optimized. The method obeys Beer's law over concentration ranges of 19.09 - 95.49, 17.85 - 124.98 and 63.66 - 254.66 µg ml-1 of CFT, CFU and CFZ, respectively. Obedience to Beer's law permitted the successful application of the proposed method for the assay of cefuran, cefumax and fortum vials. The results obtained reveal good percentage recoveries, which are in good agreement with those obtained by the official methods. In the second method, the titrimetric method, the conditions for the oxidimetric titration of cephalosporins have been studied. The titration takes place because of catalytic quantities of KBr, which give rise to an intermediate that can be hydrolyzed to the sulfoxide. The operating conditions are described and a hypothesis is put forward concerning the mechanism of the reaction.

Determination of Sorbitol in Bakery Products

1966 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1180-1183
Author(s):  
Harvey K Hundley ◽  
Duane D Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Ion Exchange Resins ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Sugar Alcohols ◽  
Exchange Resins ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Sorbitol is extracted from bakery products with water, and nonreducing sugars are inverted by acid hydrolysis. Carbohydrates other than the sugar alcohols are degraded in alkaline solution and reaction products are removed by ion exchange resins. Sorbitol is determined by the amount of periodate consumed in oxidation and identified by thin layer chromatography.

Colorimetric Determination of Certain Phenothiazine Drugs by Using Morpholine and Iodine-Potassium Iodide Reagents

1986 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel F Youssef ◽  
Salwa R El-Shabouri ◽  
Fardous A Mohamed ◽  
Abdel Maboud I Rageh
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Iodide ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Colorimetric Determination ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Phenothiazine Drugs ◽  
Lower Molar

Abstract A colorimetric method was developed for the quantitative estimation of 11 phenothiazine drugs. The method is based on the interaction of unsulfoxidized drug with morpholine and iodine-potassium iodide reagents. The interaction for all studied phenothiazine drugs yields a blue product with 2 absorption maxima: one in the range of 620-640 nm with lower molar absorptivity and the other in the range of 662-690 nm with higher molar absorptivity. The color was stable for at least 10 h. The reproducibility and recovery of the method were excellent. The method was applied successfully to the analysis of various commercially available phenothiazines in different dosage forms. The results were comparable to those obtained by official procedures. The suitability of the method for detection and estimation of promethazine excreted in urine has been suggested by preliminary experiments. Reaction products have been isolated and identified.

Collaborative Study of a Method for the Determination of Trimethylamine Nitrogen in Fish

1971 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick E Boland ◽  
Dorothy D Paige
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Dyer’s method for the determination of trimethylamine was collaboratively studied. Six samples of fish extract and one standard solution were sent to each of 9 collaborators. The results from one laboratory differed significantly from the remainder and were not included in the statistical analysis. The results from the remainder of the collaborators were generally in good agreement. Results clearly differentiate between the acceptable and decomposed samples which were used in this study. The method for determining trimethylamine nitrogen in fish has been adopted as official first action.

scholarly journals Direct Spectrophotometric Determination of Cefuroxime Axetil in Pure Form and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms.

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 6282-6295
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz Ramadan ◽  
Marwa Bakdash
Keyword(s):  
Reference Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bromothymol Blue ◽  
Cefuroxime Axetil ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Tablet Dosage ◽  
Good Agreement

A simple, direct and cost-effective spectrophotometric method for determination of cefuroxime axetil (CRXA)  in pure and tablet dosage forms was applied. This method is based on formation of ion-pair complex ([CRXA]:[BTB]) between CRXA and bromothymol blue (BTB) in chloroform. Beer’s law in the optimum experimental conditions using [CRXA]:[BTB] complex is valid within a concentration range of 2.00-50.00 ?M (1.021–25.524 ?g.mL-1). The developed method is applied for the determination of CRXA in pure and its commercial tablets without any interference from excipients with average assay of 96.8 to 101.6% and the results are in good agreement with those obtained by the HPLC reference method. Associated drugs (sulbactam and linesolid) with cefuroxime axetil are considered to be interfere, while metronidazole can be considered as non-interfere.

scholarly journals Micellar Enhanced Spectrofluorometric Determination of Labetalol Through Complexation with Aluminium(III): Application to Dosage Forms and Biological Fluids

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 948-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahed El-Enany
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Spectrofluorometric Determination ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Fluorescent Products ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Two simple, sensitive, and specific spectrofluorometric procedures have been developed for the determination of labetalol (LBT) in pharmaceuticals and biological fluids. LBT was found to react with Al3+ , both in acetate buffer of pH 4.5 (Procedure I) and borate buffer of pH 8.0 (Procedure II), to produce highly fluorescent stable complexes. The fluorescence intensity could be enhanced by the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate, resulting in 3.5- and 2.7-fold increases in the fluorescence intensity for Procedures I and II, respectively. In both procedures, the fluorescence intensity was measured at 408 nm after excitation at 320 nm. The different experimental parameters affecting the development and stability of the fluorescent products were carefully studied and optimized. The fluorescence intensity-concentration plots were rectilinear over the range of 0.020.1 and 0.010.05 g/mL with a detection limit of 0.003 and 0.001 g/mL for Procedures I and II, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to commercial tablets containing LBT. The results were in good agreement with those obtained using a reference spectrofluorometric method. Furthermore, the method was applied for the determination of LBT in spiked human plasma, and the recovery (n = 4) was 93.30 2.62%. A proposal of the reaction pathway was postulated for Procedures I and II, respectively.

A Simple Nonchromatographic Determination of Glycerophosphatide in Serum

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur F Rosenthal ◽  
Stella Ching-Hsien Han
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Lipid Mixture ◽  
Acid Reagent ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Chloroform Methanol ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Glycerophosphatide phosphorus is determined in ether-methanol extracts of blood serum by a nondigestive procedure which utilizes a sulfuric-periodic acid reagent. Sphingomyelin phosphorus is not liberated. The method shows good agreement with the sum of lecithin, cephalin, and lysolecithin phosphorus when the lipids are separated by thin-layer chromatography. Lecithin in an artificial lipid mixture is determined readily. The ether-methanol extraction gives results comparable to that of a standard chloroform-methanol extract.

Simple Colorimetric Estimation of Cyclopiazonic Acid in Contaminated Food and Feeds

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
A Rathinavelu ◽  
Edayathimangalam Rajabhavani B Shanmugasundaram
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Cyclopiazonic Acid ◽  
Assay Procedure ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract A method has been developed for quantitative determination of cyclopiazonic acid, a mycotoxin produced by a common food contaminant, Penicillium cyclopium. The organism was grown successively in synthetic minimal medium, rice, corn, and wheat for 15 days. The toxin was extracted with chloroform followed by separation by thin layer chromatography. A colorimetric assay procedure has been successfully developed for the analysis of cyclopiazonic acid present in infected rice, corn, and wheat. The sensitivity of the method was tested by using recovery experiments.

Titrimetric Determination of Vitamin B6 Using Chloramine-T, Bromamine-T, and Bromamine-B

1986 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-49
Author(s):  
Beby Jayaram ◽  
Netkal M Made Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Cadmium Complex ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Foreign Ions ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Titrimetric Determination ◽  
Chloramine T

Abstract Simple titrimetric methods have been developed for determination of the vitamin pyridoxine (PRX) in solution, using aromatic N-haloamines, chloramine-T, bromamine-T, and bromamine-B. The method is based on oxidation of PRX by the N-haloamines; the oxidation involves a 2-electron change. The reaction products, pyridoxal and sulfonamides, were identified. The effects of variables, such as pH of the medium and the presence of foreign ions, and pyridoxal, pyridoxalamine, glycerol, and alcohol, on the rate of oxidation were studied. The methods are useful for determining PRX in pharmaceutical formulations and for assaying its cadmium complex. Statistical evaluation showed that analytical results are accurate to within 1%.

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