PSV-9 The effect of management practices on eggshell cleanliness, bacteria levels and cuticle deposition in free-range poultry

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 304-304
Author(s):  
Julie Bosland ◽  
Becky Sartini
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Nest Box ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
Level 1

Abstract Small-scale egg production is a growing industry in New England; however, foodborne illness risk exists from small-scale free-range eggs due to lack of guidelines for safe handling and management practices. We hypothesized that the manure level (ML) of the eggs along with management practices will affect both the total bacterial levels (relative light units= RLU) and the cuticle deposition (CD) of the eggshell. Hens (n = 53) were used in this study and housed at Peckham Farm (URI; Kingston, RI) in a mobile coop that allowed free ranging. The management practice experiments were divided into nest box type, location, substrate and time/frequency of collection. The CD experiments involved nesting boxes and nest substrate. Data were analyzed using SAS proc mixed/two sample t-test (P ≤ 0.05). There is a difference in ML between level 1 and 2 and level 1 and 3 eggs. Eggs collected from the conventional (CONV; n = 37) and rollaway (n = 25) nest boxes showed no difference in RLU or CD (P ≥ 0.42). Eggs collected from CONV with different nesting substrates (straw, shavings, AstroTurf nest pad; n = 179) showed no difference in RLU and CD (P ≥ 0.28). Nest box location (mounted vs floor level) showed no difference (P ≥ 0.65) in RLU values from eggs collected from CONV nest boxes. Time of collection (1pm vs 8 am) had a significant impact (P ≤ 0.02) in RLU values; however, frequency of collection showed no impact (P ≥ 0.49). The bacteria levels were most likely lower in the afternoon collection because the eggs laid that day did not spend as much time in nest boxes. In conclusion, although different nest boxes or substrates did not change eggshell bacteria levels, management practices that minimize manure levels on eggs and increase the frequency of collection can help to maintain lower bacteria levels to reduce food safety risk.

scholarly journals A UHF RFID System for Studying Individual Feeding and Nesting Behaviors of Group-Housed Laying Hens

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1337-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Li ◽  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Jofran Oliveira ◽  
Wilco Verhoijsen ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Nest Box ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
Rfid System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nesting Behaviors

Abstract. Enriched colony housing (ECH) is a relatively new egg production system. As such, information is lacking on design parameters to ensure the well-being of the hens and optimal utilization of housing resources. A new system has been developed at Iowa State University that enables automated monitoring and quantification of feeding and nesting behaviors of individual hens in ECH. Ultra-high-frequency radio frequency identification (UHF RFID) is employed to track individual animals. The UHF RFID system consists of four components: antennas, tags, readers, and a data acquisition system. The antennas for monitoring feeding behavior are placed inside the two feed troughs and covered with plastic boards. Each feed trough has six antennas aligned in series covering the length of the feeder. Four additional antennas are placed inside the nest boxes to monitor the nesting behaviors. All 16 antennas are connected to five 4-channel readers, two per feed trough and one for the nest boxes, that are further connected to the hosting computer via Ethernet. Feed and water consumption and egg production are continuously monitored using load cells. This article describes the development and testing of the RFID system for monitoring feeding and nesting behaviors and provides sample data. The system has proven to be able to characterize benchmark feeding and nesting behaviors of individual hens in ECH, such as daily time spent at the feeder and in the nest box, daily frequency of visiting the feeder and the nest box, number of hens feeding and nesting simultaneously, and variability in these behaviors among individual hens. Future applications of the system include assessing the impact of resource allocation and management practices on feeding and nesting behaviors and on the well-being of the hens. This information will provide a scientific basis for optimal design and management of alternative hen housing systems. Keywords: Animal well-being, Enriched colony housing, Feeding behavior, Nesting behavior, UHF RFID.

scholarly journals Assessing farmers' perspective on antibiotic usage and management practices in small-scale layer farms of Mymensingh district, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1441-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannatul Ferdous ◽  
Sabbya Sachi ◽  
Zakaria Al Noman ◽  
S. M. Azizul Karim Hussani ◽  
Yousuf Ali Sarker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Antibiotic Usage ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Withdrawal Period ◽  
Scale Layer ◽  
Control Disease ◽  
Cleaning And Disinfection ◽  
Poor Management

Background and Aim: Indiscriminate and injudicious use of antibiotics in layer farms is a common practice of Bangladesh for the compensation of Poor management practices and ignorance. Despite this scenario, there is no published documentation on antibiotic usage pattern and farm management practices in layer farms. This study was undertaken to understand the farmers' perspective in small-scale layer farms regarding antibiotics usage and farm management. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted in 120 small-scale layer farms of Mymensingh district during January-February 2017. We only considered farms in production. Data were analyzed on antibiotic usage, purpose, egg management, understanding of antibiotic residue, withdrawal period, and other issues. Results: Among 120 farmers, about 94.16% of farmers are using antibiotics without respecting the withdrawal period. Only 39.1% of farmers possess knowledge of residues. In our surveyed farms, 91.83% of farmers are not practicing egg washing before supplying to the market and 52.67% of farmers are unaware of cleaning and disinfection of egg tray. Ten different types of antibiotics of seven classes have found in the survey. Most antibiotics are in the Watch (49%) and Reserve (8%) groups according to the WHO AWaRe categorization and 73% antibiotics are critically important for human medicine and are considered as last resort. Conclusion: This study found that due to the lack of knowledge and poor management, farmers consider using antibiotics as the most effective practices to control disease and enhancement of egg production. These indiscriminate uses of antibiotics are responsible for antibiotic residual and resistance problem. Here, we also provide some suggestion and guidelines to improve management practices to minimize the emerging problems of antimicrobial resistance through small-scale layer farms.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Cow Mastitis among Small Scale Farmers and Dairy Farms in Western Tigray, Northwest Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Leul Berhe ◽  
Zinabu Nigus Belay ◽  
Gebresilase Gebrekidan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Total Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

A cross sectional study was carried out from November 2017 to June 2018 to assess awareness status and management practice common among dairy cows owners and to determine the prevalence of bovine mastitis and its associated risk factors in four districts and nine kebelles of Western Zone of Tigray Regional State, North West Ethiopia. In this study, out of the 355 dairy cows and 1314 functional quarters examined, 99(27.89%) cows and 142(10.81%) quarters were found positive for sub-clinical mastitis on California Mastitis Test (CMT). In addition, from the 355 dairy cows and 1420 quarters examined, 88(24.79%) and 108(7.61%) cows and teats respectively, were found to be blind. From the total risk factors considered, statistically significant association (P<0.05) was found in different breed, udder type and parity. Semi structured questionnaires surveys were distributed to 87(95.60%) males and 4(4.40%) females. According to the survey result, 76(83.52%) of the dairy cow owners housed their cows in open area with muddy or soily floor type. From the total 91 interviewed 32(35.16%) regularly dispose dung and cleaning of house. During the survey, udder management before and after milking was assessed. According to the response of 89(97.80%) milkers washed their hands prior to milking and 2(2.20%) did not. From the total 91interviewed individuals, 13(14.29%) milkers disinfect their hands before proceeding to milk the next cow while 78(85.71%) did not. During the survey, sequence of milking cows was assessed. Based on the response of respondents, 85(93.41%) of the milker did not follow sequence of milking and the rest 6(6.59%) milkers emphasized the need to follow the order of milking. The result of the present study indicated a relatively high prevalence of subclinical mastitis and with higher incidence of one or more nonfunctional teat which impose higher economic loss to the dairy owners. Lack of strategic control measures and improper attention to the health of the mammary glands contribute the higher infestation rate. Better management practices in milking and adequate housing with proper sanitation should be provided.

Talented Employees in Russian and Foreign Companies

2013 ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Latukha ◽  
T. Tsukanova
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Talent Management ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Practice Development

The study investigates talent management practices in Russian and foreign companies. The inquiry of Russian and foreign companies (working in Russia) showed that perceived and dedicated talent management practices contribute to better companies performance. The study results can be used in talent management practice development.

Impact Of Human Resource Practices In Small Scale Industries In Thoothukudi District Of Tamilnadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-169
Author(s):  
Srimo Fernandas
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Small Scale Industry ◽  
Human Resource Management Practices ◽  
Small Scale Industries

In the economic growth of a country, the human factor plays a vital role. The study has been made to study the growth of small scale industries in the development of human resource management practices of in Thoothukudi district. The study has the following objectives. To study the socio-economic outline of the small scale industry owners. To understand the nature of management of the small-scale industry. To find out the motivational factors for starting small-scale industries. To analyse the average income generated by different activities by the small scale industry owners.

THE NATURE AND ENVIRONMENT OF COST MANAGEMENT AMONG EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY U.S. TEXITLE MANUFACTURERS

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Tyson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Textile Mills

Several authors have suggested that a particular managerial component was needed before cost accounting could be fully used for accountability and disciplinary purposes. They argue that the marriage of managerialism and accounting first occurred in the United States at the Springfield Armory after 1840. They generally downplay the quality and usefulness of cost accounting at the New England textile mills before that time and call for a re-examination of original mill records from a disciplinary perspective. This paper reports the results of such a re-examination. It initially describes the social and economic environment of U.S. textile manufacturing in New England in the early nineteenth century. Selected cost memos and reports are described and analyzed to indicate the nature and scope of costing undertaken at the mills in Lowell, Massachusetts, in the late 1820s and early 1830s. The paper discusses how particular cost information was used and speculates why certain more modern procedures were not adopted. Its major finding is that cost management practices fully measured up to the business complexities, economic pressures, and social forces of the day.

The inseparable nature of working and learning: peripheral management practice that facilitates employee learning

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 10-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Andrew Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Employee Learning ◽  
Frontline Managers ◽  
Social Act ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Good Manager

Purpose – This paper aims to look at the peripheral management practice that facilitates employee learning. Such management practices are embedded or inseparable to working and being a good manager. Design/methodology/approach – Point of view. Findings – For many frontline managers and their employees, the separation between working and learning is often not apparent. There appears to be no clear distinction between when they are working and when they are learning. Practical implications – Better development of organizational managers. Originality/value – This paper highlights the informal nature of learning and working and builds on the understanding that much of the learning that occurs at work occurs as part of a social act, often involving managers and their employees. In this way, employee learning that is identified and facilitated by frontline managers is so often entwined in other management activity. Furthermore, this paper outlines some practical actions that organizations can undertake to aid greater frontline management involvement in employee learning.

A snapshot of general practitioner attitudes, levels of confidence and self-reported paediatric asthma management practice

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A. Roydhouse ◽  
Smita Shah ◽  
Brett G. Toelle ◽  
Susan M. Sawyer ◽  
Craig M. Mellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioners ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Paediatric Asthma ◽  
Baseline Questionnaire ◽  
Practitioner Attitudes

The prevalence of asthma in Australia is high. Previous findings have suggested that asthma management, particularly in primary care, remains suboptimal and recent government initiatives to improve asthma management and encourage the use of written asthma action plans (WAAPs) in general practice have been implemented. We aimed to assess the attitudes, confidence and self-reported paediatric asthma management practices of a convenience sample of Australian general practitioners (GPs). A baseline questionnaire was administered to GPs as part of a randomised controlled trial. General practitioners (GPs) were recruited from two areas of greater metropolitan Sydney, NSW between 2006 and 2008. Invitations were sent to an estimated 1200 potentially eligible GPs. Of 150 (12.5%) GPs that enrolled, 122 (10.2%) completed the baseline questionnaire. Though 89% were aware of the Australian National Asthma Guidelines, less than 40% were familiar with guideline recommendations. While 85.2% had positive attitudes towards WAAPs, only 45.1% reported providing them frequently. For children with frequent symptoms, 90% agreed they should prescribe daily, inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), and 83% reported currently prescribing ICS to such patients. These findings indicate gaps between GP attitudes and behaviours and highlights opportunities for interventions to improve paediatric asthma management.

Survey on weedy rice (Oryza spp.) management practice and adoption of Clearfield® rice technology in Peninsular Malaysia

Weed Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Masilamany Dilipkumar ◽  
Muhammad Saiful Ahmad-Hamdani ◽  
Hairazi Rahim ◽  
Tse Seng Chuah ◽  
Nilda Roma Burgos
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Development Area ◽  
Adoption Level ◽  
Main Factor

Abstract A total of 452 rice farmers from three main granary areas of Muda Agricultural Development Authority (MADA), Kemubu Agricultural Development Authority (KADA), and Integrated Agricultural Development Area Barat Laut Selangor (IADA BLS) were surveyed in 2019. The goal was to determine farmers’ knowledge of and management practices for weedy rice (Oryza spp.) as well as the adoption level of Clearfield® rice technology (CRT) in Malaysia. Most farmers (74%) were adept at recognizing weedy rice. The majority of farmers (77%) perceived transplanting and water seeding rice systems as the best options to manage weedy rice, while only 10% of the farmers adopted CRT. The low level of adoption of this technology was due to several constraints, including the high cost of the CRT package and occurrence of imidazolinone (IMI)-resistant weedy rice in their farms. Farmers from MADA and IADA BLS reported the occurrence of IMI weedy rice in their farms for more than nine planting seasons, whereas those from KADA reported having resistant weedy rice for five to six planting seasons. The main factor contributing to the evolution of IMI-resistant weedy rice was ignorance about the technology and deliberate disregard of stewardship guidelines. The survey revealed that there is a need to increase awareness about CRT through training and educational programs for proper adoption of this technology.

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