Effect of Feeding Low Levels of Diethylstilbestrol on Gestation and Lactation of Rats

In biliary fistula dogs the plasma prothrombin falls eventually to low levels and bleeding commonly occurs. Faulty absorption of vitamin K from the intestine in these animals is an important causative factor. Feeding bile permits absorption of the traces of this vitamin normally present in mixed diets, and as a result a slow rise in prothrombin level is observed. If a standard diet is supplemented with large amounts of vitamin K concentrate the prothrombin rise is rapid, provided bile or bile salt is supplied to aid in the absorption. Variations in the rate of prothrombin depletion in biliary fistula dogs kept on constant diet indicate the existence of additional factors which require further study. Our experience indicates that vitamin A and vitamin D supplements do not correct the prothrombin deficiency in biliary fistula animals.

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Physiological responses of postprandial red rock crabs (Cancer productus) during emersion

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z09-106 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 87 (12) ◽

pp. 1158-1169 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

I. J. McGaw ◽

D. L. Curtis ◽

J. D. Ede ◽

K. J. Ong ◽

F. van Breukelen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physiological Responses ◽

Anaerobic Respiration ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Ammonia Concentration ◽

Aerial Exposure ◽

Cancer Productus ◽

Intracellular Digestion ◽

Low Levels ◽

Effect Of Feeding ◽

High Lactate

The physiological responses of unfed and postprandial red rock crabs ( Cancer productus J.W. Randal, 1840) were investigated during periods of emersion. During aerial exposure, oxygen uptake quickly fell to very low levels and was no longer detectable in the haemolymph after 12 h. The resulting anaerobic respiration led to a build up in lactic acid and the resulting acidosis was more pronounced in the postprandial crabs. There was also a concomitant rise in PCO2 and CCO2, and in both cases these were higher in postprandial animals. Higher ammonia levels in postprandial crabs showed that cellular activities were still proceeding anaerobically, suggesting that although crabs can delay mechanical digestion during emersion, once intracellular digestion occurs they may be committed to these processes. Increased mortality rates of postprandial animals were probably due to a combination of the high lactate and CO2 levels coupled with an increased ammonia concentration. For C. productus stranded in the intertidal zone there may be little effect of feeding, as they are only exposed for short periods and recovery occurs during re-immersion. The crabs are more likely to become moribund and death ensue during longer term exposure such as commercial live shipment.

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Effect of Feeding Low Levels of Diethylstilbestrol on Established Lactation in Parous Dairy Cows

Journal of Dairy Science ◽

10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(57)94549-6 ◽

1957 ◽

Vol 40 (7) ◽

pp. 746-751 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

G.E. Hawkins ◽

K.M. Autrey

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Low Levels ◽

Effect Of Feeding

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The effect of feeding supplementary mixtures of tree leaves on nitrogen utilisation in sheep

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0308229600028385 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 1995 ◽

pp. 71-71

Author(s):

C J Powell ◽

C E Lascano ◽

D L Romney ◽

M Gill

Keyword(s):

Single Phase ◽

Condensed Tannin ◽

Latin Square ◽

Ammonia Concentration ◽

Tree Leaves ◽

Hair Sheep ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

Ytterbium Chloride ◽

Low Levels ◽

Effect Of Feeding

The potential benefits of mixing leaves containing high and low levels of condensed tannin (CT) on N utilisation in sheep was studied at the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Colombia.Supplements of Cratylia argentea (Ca) (tannin free), replaced with 0, 25, 50 or 100% Flemingia macrophylla (Fm) (25.1 g CT/kg DM) were fed as 40% of total ration DM (85g/M0Â·75), the remainder coming from Brachiaria dictyoneura (Bd). Treatments were offered in a replicated 4x4 latin square to eight male African Hair sheep (mean liveweight 23 (s.e. 1.5) kg), fistulated at the rumen and proximal duodenum (T-piece). Total collections of urine and faeces were used to estimate apparent N retention. Ammonia concentration was measured in rumen liquor samples taken hourly over 24 hours, while duodenal flows were estimated from spot samples using Ytterbium chloride as a single phase marker.

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Effect of feeding level during rearing and pregnancy on gilt performance

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600010758 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 1989 ◽

pp. 83-83

Author(s):

P.H. Simmins ◽

S.A. Edwards ◽

H.H. Spechter ◽

J.E. Riley

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Performance ◽

Physiological Stress ◽

Reproductive Efficiency ◽

Large White ◽

Feeding Level ◽

Genetically Improved ◽

Feeding Regimes ◽

Low Levels ◽

Management Changes ◽

Effect Of Feeding

The modern genetically-improved female pig reaches first mating with low levels of back fat compared to the female bred in previous decades. Increasingly too, gilts have been bred at younger ages and lower weights and the effects of these management changes are unclear. It has been questioned whether the modern gilt is under greater physiological stress especially when subjected to low feeding levels, which could influence reproductive efficiency. The objectives of the trial reported here were to compare the reproductive performance of gilts given different feeding regimes during rearing and pregnancy in order to produce a range in body weight and back fat.The trial was designed as a 2 x 3 factorial experiment. Gilts from a Large White x Landrace crisscross breeding programme, blocked for genotype, were first allocated to one of two treatments from 10 to 25 weeks of age. Gilts were group housed and fed on a age-based scale rising to either 2.25 kg/d (L) or 2.70 kg/d (H). At 25 weeks of age, gilts with defects of teats or gait were discarded.

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Effect of cooking wheat and maize on the performance of newly weaned pigs 2. Level of dairy products and sequence of feeding

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800053510 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

pp. 263-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

P.G. Lawlor ◽

P.B. Lynch ◽

P.J. Caffrey ◽

J.V. O’Doherty

Keyword(s):

Dairy Products ◽

Dairy Product ◽

Milk Powder ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Weaned Pigs ◽

Low Levels ◽

Pig Performance ◽

Dietary Treatments ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Effect Of Feeding

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the effect of feeding steam flaked wheat and maize in diets with high and low levels of dairy products and to examine the effect of sequence of feeding the processed cereals in diets for newly weaned pigs. In experiment 1, 96 pigs were weaned at 27 days of age, blocked on sex and weight and assigned as individually penned pigs to four dietary treatments as follows: (a) high dairy product diet (6 kg of starter diet containing 230 g/kg milk powder followed by a link diet containing 125 g/kg milk powder to 26 days) with uncooked cereal (HDP), (b) high dairy product diet with steam flaked cereal (HDPC), (c) low dairy product diet (6 kg of starter diet containing 125 g/kg milk powder followed by a link diet containing no milk powder to 26 days) with uncooked cereal (LDP) and (d) low dairy product diet with steam flaked cereal (LDPC). In experiment 2, 96 pigs were weaned at 19 to 24 days of age, blocked on sex and weight and assigned as individually penned pigs to four dietary treatments containing: (a) uncooked cereal for 26 days, (b) uncooked cereal for 14 days followed by cooked cereal to 26 days post weaning, (c) cooked cereal for 26 days and (d) cooked cereal for 14 days followed by uncooked cereal to 26 days post weaning. Steaming and flaking of wheat and maize did not significantly affect pig performance during the experimental period or at any subsequent period up to slaughter. Daily gain from day 0 to 26 post weaning was 415 and 453 g/day (s.e.13•5; P < 0•05) for low and high dairy product diets, respectively. Food conversion efficiency (FCE) from day 0 to 14 post weaning on the low and high dairy product diets was 1•86 and 1•33 g/g (s.e. 0•14; P < 0•05), respectively. Pigs given the high dairy product diets during the experimental post-weaning period reached final carcass weight 5 days earlier than pigs given the low dairy product post-weaning diets (P < 0•05). In experiment 2, treatment did not affect food intake (mean = 450 s.e. 13•2 g; P > 0•05), daily gain (mean = 382 s.e. 12•5 g; P > 0•05) or FCE (mean = 1•19 s.e. 0•02 g/g; P > 0•05). In conclusion, feeding steamed flaked wheat and maize in post-weaning diets failed to improve pig performance irrespective of dairy product or sequence of feeding cooked cereals.

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Effect of feeding diets with excess dietary leucine to finishing pigs on growth and carcass characteristics, meat quality, and intramuscular fat levels

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200008322 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 2002 ◽

pp. 176-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Young Hyun ◽

Mike Ellis ◽

Floyd K. McKeith

Keyword(s):

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Eating Quality ◽

Focused Attention ◽

Finishing Pigs ◽

Low Levels ◽

Muscle Color ◽

Feeding Diets ◽

Effect Of Feeding

Concerns over low levels of intramuscular fat and poor eating quality of meat from modern lean lines of pigs have focused attention on approaches to increasing the marbling fat content of pork. A number of techniques to increase intramuscular fat by manipulation of the nutrient composition of the diet have been evaluated. These have included feeding of protein deficient diets and of excess dietary leucine levels (Cisneros et al., 1996). Leucine is a ketogenic amino acid, the carbon skeleton of which can be used to synthesize fatty acids in muscle. In a previous study (Cisneros et al., 1996) feeding excess dietary leucine increased intramuscular fat and also improved muscle color. This study was carried out to validate those findings.

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BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE IN DOGS AND CATS UNDER DIFFERENT FEEDING DIETS

Archives of Veterinary Science ◽

10.5380/avs.v8i1.4012 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F.H.D. GONZÁLEZ ◽

V. CARVALHO ◽

V. MÖLLER ◽

F.R. DUARTE

Keyword(s):

Caloric Intake ◽

Blood Chemistry ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Biochemical Profile ◽

Blood Biochemical ◽

Calcium Phosphorus ◽

Healthy Dogs ◽

Low Levels ◽

Feeding Diets ◽

Effect Of Feeding

Foram determinados os parâmetros de bioquímica sanguínea em 50 cães e 25 gatos sadios submetidos a três regimes alimentares: ração comercial, comida caseira e alimentação mista (ração e caseira). Os cães e os gatos alimentados com regime misto apresentaram níveis sanguíneos elevados de glicose e de colesterol, sugerindo um consumo de alimentos calóricos acima dos requerimentos e um maior risco de obesidade. A ingestão de proteínas na alimentação caseira parece ser restrita, considerando-se as baixas concentrações de albumina e/ou uréia sanguíneas nos cães e nos gatos. Baixos teores de cálcio foram encontrados nos cães de alimentação não concentrada. Os gatos com alimentação caseira podem estar consumindo quantidades baixas de minerais revelado pelos menores teores sanguíneos de cálcio, fósforo e magnésio. Abstract The aim of the present work was to carry out a study on the variation of the blood chemistry constituents of dogs and cats subjected to different feeding diets. Blood samples from 50 healthy dogs and 25 cats were used to study the effect of feeding diets with commercial ration, homemade or mixed (concentrate and homemade) on their blood biochemical profile. Both, dogs and cats, fed with mixed rations showed higher glucose and cholesterol blood levels, which could be suggestive of a high caloric intake and a risk of obesity. Intake of proteins in animals with homemade feed seems to be low considering concentrations of plasma albumin and/or urea in dogs and cats. Low levels of calcium were found in dogs with non-concentrated feed. Cats with homemade feed could have low intake of minerals considering the lower levels of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium observed.

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