Neutrophilic dermatoses

2013 ◽  
pp. 1426-1433
Author(s):  
Pia Moinzadeh ◽  
Thomas Krieg
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Neutrophilic Dermatoses ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Dermal Infiltrate ◽  
Exanthematous Pustulosis

Neutrophilic dermatoses (ND) comprise a heterogeneous group of non-infectious skin diseases characterized by a diffuse epidermal and/or dermal infiltrate consisting of polymorphonuclear neutrophilic inflammatory cells throughout the different skin layers. Depending on the localization of this infiltrate, patients may present with a variety of skin lesions such as pustules/vesiculopustules (epidermal infiltrate), plaques or papules (dermal infiltration), nodules or ulcerations (deep dermal/subcutaneous infiltrate) and also with possible systemic symptoms, such as leucocytosis, arthralgias, myalgia, and malaise. Based on the clinical picture of cutaneous lesions and further systemic symptoms the patients can be subdivided into different entities. These include Sweet’s syndrome (SS), pyoderma gangrenosum (PG), rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis, bowel-associated dermatosis-arthritis syndrome, subcorneal pustular dermatosis (Sneddon Wilkinson), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau (ACH), palmoplantare pustuloses (PPP), pustular bacterid (PB), neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis, and Behçet’s disease. The pathogenesis is still not fully elucidated but it has been hypothesized that it is associated with immunological dysfunctions, with abnormal cytokine signalling, causing an uncontrolled recruitment of neutrophilic cells. ND can be triggered by underlying systemic inflammatory diseases, malignancies, haematological disorders and/or medication use. Diagnostic procedures include detailed physical examination, laboratory tests, and histopathological assessments. The therapeutic management of ND is mainly based on systemic steroids in acute cases and immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory drugs in chronic forms. Underlying systemic conditions have to be diagnosed and treated as early as possible to avoid complications.

Neutrophilic dermatoses

2013 ◽  
pp. 1426-1433
Author(s):  
Pia Moinzadeh ◽  
Thomas Krieg
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Neutrophilic Dermatoses ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Dermal Infiltrate ◽  
Exanthematous Pustulosis

Neutrophilic dermatoses (ND) comprise a group of non-infectious skin diseases characterized by a diffuse epidermal and/or dermal infiltrate consisting of polymorphonuclear neutrophilic inflammatory cells throughout the different skin layers. Depending on the localization of this infiltrate, patients may present with a variety of skin lesions such as pustules/vesiculopustules (epidermal infiltrate), plaques or papules (dermal infiltration), nodules or ulcerations (deep dermal/subcutaneous infiltrate) and also with possible systemic symptoms, such as leucocytosis, arthralgias, myalgia, and malaise. Depending on the localization of neutrophilic cells in the skin, the clinical picture of cutaneous lesions and further systemic symptoms the patients can be subdivided into different subgroups. These include Sweet’s syndrome (SS), pyoderma gangrenosum (PG), rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis, bowel-associated dermatosis-arthritis syndrome, subcorneal pustular dermatosis (Sneddon Wilkinson), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau (ACH), palmoplantare pustuloses (PPP), pustular bacterid (PB), neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis, and Behçet’s disease. The pathogenesis is still not fully elucidated but it has been hypothesized that it is associated with immunological dysfunctions, with abnormal cytokine signalling, causing an uncontrolled recruitment of neutrophilic cells. ND can be triggered by underlying systemic inflammatory diseases, malignancies, haematological disorders and/or medication use. Diagnostic procedures include detailed physical examination, laboratory tests, and histopathological assessments. The therapeutic management of ND includes systemic steroids in acute cases and immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory drugs in chronic forms. Underlying systemic conditions have to be diagnosed and treated.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk of appearence of skin lesions considered to be cutaneous markers of diabetes in a population group in bihor county

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-290
Author(s):  
Denisa Kovacs ◽  
Luiza Demian ◽  
Aurel Babeş
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Skin Lesion ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions

Abstract Objectives: The aim of the study was to calculate the prevalence rates and risk ofappearance of cutaneous lesions in diabetic patients with both type-1 and type-2diabetes. Material and Method: 384 patients were analysed, of which 47 had type-1diabetes (T1DM), 140 had type-2 diabetes (T2DM) and 197 were non-diabeticcontrols. Results: The prevalence of the skin lesions considered markers of diabeteswas 57.75% in diabetics, in comparison to 8.12% in non-diabetics (p<0.01). The riskof skin lesion appearance is over 7 times higher in diabetic patients than in nondiabetics.In type-1 diabetes the prevalence of skin lesions was significantly higherthan in type-2 diabetes, and the risk of skin lesion appearance is almost 1.5 timeshigher in type-1 diabetes than type-2 diabetes compared to non-diabetic controls.Conclusions: The diabetic patients are more susceptible than non-diabetics todevelop specific skin diseases. Patients with type-1 diabetes are more affected.

scholarly journals Fermented Morinda citrifolia (Noni) Alleviates DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in NC/Nga Mice through Modulating Immune Balance and Skin Barrier Function

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim ◽  
Seong ◽  
Choung
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Immune Balance

Morinda citrifolia, a fruit generally known as “Noni”, has been traditionally used in parts of East Asia to relieve inflammatory diseases. Although several studies using noni have been reported, the effect of fermented Morinda citrifolia (F.NONI) on atopic dermatitis (AD) has not been investigated. Thus, we aimed to investigate the improving effect of F.NONI treatment on AD-like skin lesions and elucidate molecular mechanisms. F.NONI was prepared by the fermentation of noni fruit with probiotics and then extracted. F.NONI was orally administrated to NC/Nga mice to evaluate its therapeutic effect on 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD. Oral administration of F.NONI significantly alleviated AD lesions and symptoms such as dermatitis scores, ear thickness, scratching behavior, epidermal thickness, and infiltration of inflammatory cells (e.g., mast cells and eosinophils). In addition, F.NONI treatment reduced the levels of histamine, IgE and IgG1/IgG2a ratio, thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC), and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in serum and beneficially modulated the expressions of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Th22-mediated cytokines in lesioned skin and splenocytes. Furthermore, the expressions of the skin barrier-related proteins including filaggrin (FLG), loricrin (LOR), involucrin (IVL), zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and occludin (OCC) were restored by F.NONI treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that F.NONI could be a therapeutic agent to attenuate AD-like skin lesions through modulating the immune balance and skin barrier function.

Anti-Chemokine Therapy for Inflammatory Diseases

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Castellani ◽  
K. Bhattacharya ◽  
M. Tagen ◽  
D. Kempuraj ◽  
A. Perrella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemokine Receptors ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Inflammatory Proteins ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Chemokines are inflammatory proteins acting via G-protein coupled chemokine receptors that trigger different signaling pathways. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2/MCP-1) and regulated on activation, normal T expressed and secreted (CCL5/RANTES) are the two major members of the CC chemokine beta subfamily. The roles of RANTES and MCP-1 are emerging in regulating the recruitment of inflammatory cells into tissue during inflammation. The inhibition of MCP-1 and RANTES with corresponding antibodies or other inhibitors may provide benefits in different clinical scenarios including cancer, inflammation, CNS disorders, parasitic disease, autoimmune and heart diseases. RANTES and MCP-1 may represent targets for diagnostic procedures and therapeutic intervention, and may be useful as a prognostic factor in the above diseases.

The Role of Apoptosis in the Pathogenesis of Dermatitis Herpetiformis

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Caproni ◽  
D. Torchia ◽  
E. Antiga ◽  
D. Degl'Innocenti ◽  
E. Barletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fas Ligand ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Dermatitis Herpetiformis ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Malignant Skin ◽  
Perilesional Skin

Apoptosis is a form of cell death that is claimed to be involved in a number of chronic inflammatory and malignant skin diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether apoptosis may contribute to the pathogenesis of epidermal changes in dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) and, in particular, whether certain apoptosis-related markers such as Bax, Bcl-2, Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) take part in this process. For the detection of apoptotic nuclei, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labelling technique (TUNEL) was employed on cryostat sections. Skin lesions from six and perilesional skin from four DH patients were stained with monoclonal antibodies to Bax, Bcl-2, Fas and FasL. The same evaluation was also performed on three patients affected by bullous pemphigoid (BP) and in two healthy donors. Using TUNEL technique, a remarkable increase in the apoptotic rate within the epidermal compartment was observed in DH and BP patients in comparison with normal controls. In our immunohistochemical analysis, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was almost the same in the epidermis of perilesional/lesional DH, BP and healthy skin specimens. In DH and BP specimens both Bax and Bcl-2 proteins were increased in the dermal perivascular compartment. Fas showed a prevalently epidermal staining, both in DH and BP lesions, while FasL was distributed in perivascular and subjunctional dermis; some FasL+ cells infiltrated the DEJ and the basal layer of epidermis. This study allowed us to highlight conspicuous apoptotic phenomena in basal and suprabasal keratinocytes within lesional and perilesional skin of DH. We conclude that in DH, as well as in BP, apoptosis plays a role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous lesions in concert with other pathogenetic mechanisms.

scholarly journals Regional variations in antigenic properties of skin. A possible cause for disease-specific distribution of skin lesions.

1986 ◽  
Vol 164 (6) ◽  
pp. 2125-2130 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Sison-Fonacier ◽  
J C Bystryn
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Specific Distribution ◽  
Antigenic Properties ◽  
Possible Cause ◽  
Disease Specific

The possibility that the distribution of skin lesions in some cutaneous diseases is due to variations in the antigenic properties of skin was investigated by mapping the expression of the skin-specific pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid antigens in different regions of the body. The expression of both antigens was relatively stable within the same region, but varied between regions in a pattern that was distinct for each antigen. For each antigen there was a correlation between regions of high expression and location of skin lesions in autoimmune diseases involving the antigen. The results indicate that there are marked regional differences in the antigenic properties of skin and suggest this may influence the distribution of cutaneous lesions in some skin diseases.

scholarly journals Skin Manifestations in COVID-19: Prevalence and Relationship with Disease Severity

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Giavedoni ◽  
Sebastián Podlipnik ◽  
Juan M. Pericàs ◽  
Irene Fuertes de Vega ◽  
Adriana García-Herrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Background Data ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Clinicopathological Patterns ◽  
Grover’S Disease ◽  
Clinicopathological Pattern ◽  
Lung Infiltrates

Background: Data on the clinical patterns and histopathology of SARS-CoV-2 related skin lesions, as well as on their relationship with the severity of COVID-19 are limited. Methods and Materials: Retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected cohort of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a teaching hospital in Barcelona, Spain, from 1 April to 1 May 2020. Clinical, microbiological and therapeutic characteristics, clinicopathological patterns of skin lesions, and direct immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical findings in skin biopsies were analyzed. Results: Fifty-eight out of the 2761 patients (2.1%) either consulting to the emergency room or admitted to the hospital for COVID-19 suspicion during the study period presented COVID-19 related skin lesions. Cutaneous lesions could be categorized into six patterns represented by the acronym “GROUCH”: Generalized maculo-papular (20.7%), Grover’s disease and other papulo-vesicular eruptions (13.8%), livedo Reticularis (6.9%), Other eruptions (22.4%), Urticarial (6.9%), and CHilblain-like (29.3%). Skin biopsies were performed in 72.4%, including direct immunofluorescence in 71.4% and immunohistochemistry in 28.6%. Patients with chilblain-like lesions exhibited a characteristic histology and were significantly younger and presented lower rates of systemic symptoms, radiological lung infiltrates and analytical abnormalities, and hospital and ICU admission compared to the rest of patients. Conclusion: Cutaneous lesions in patients with COVID-19 appear to be relatively rare and varied. Patients with chilblain-like lesions have a characteristic clinicopathological pattern and a less severe presentation of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Involvement of RAGE and Oxidative Stress in Inflammatory and Infectious Skin Diseases

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Guarneri ◽  
Paolo Custurone ◽  
Valeria Papaianni ◽  
Sebastiano Gangemi
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Topical Administration ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Local Inflammatory Response ◽  
Advanced Glycosylation End Products ◽  
End Products ◽  
Surface Receptor ◽  
Advanced Glycosylation

The surface receptor for advanced glycosylation end-products (RAGE) and its soluble (sRAGE) and endogenous secretory (EN-RAGE) forms belong to the superfamily of toll-like receptors and play important roles in inflammation and autoimmunity, directly or through binding with advanced glycosylation end-products (AGE) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP). We reviewed the literature on the role of RAGE in skin diseases. Research in this field is still rather limited (28 articles) but suggests the involvement of RAGE and RAGE-related pathways in chronic inflammatory diseases (lupus, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and lichen planus), infectious diseases (leprosy, Staphylococcus aureus-induced skin lesions), alterations of the repairing processes in diabetic skin, systemic sclerosis, and ulcers. These data prompt further research in this field, which not only will be useful to better understand the pathogenetic mechanisms of diseases, but is also likely to have intriguing clinical implications. Indeed, when their role in the complex and multifactorial inflammatory balance will be adequately defined, RAGE and related molecules could be used as markers of disease severity and/or response to treatment. Moreover, future promising therapeutic perspectives could be topical administration of some of these molecules (e.g., sRAGE) to modulate local inflammatory response and/or the development of anti-RAGE antibodies for systemic treatment.

scholarly journals Presence of Senescent and Memory CD8+ Leukocytes as Immunocenescence Markers in Skin Lesions of Elderly Leprosy Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Lopes da Silva ◽  
Katherine Kelda Gomes de Castro ◽  
Mayara Abud Mendes ◽  
Thyago Leal-Calvo ◽  
Júlia Monteiro Pereira Leal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Leprosy Patients

Leprosy is an infectious disease that remains endemic in approximately 100 developing countries, where about 200,000 new cases are diagnosed each year. Moreover, multibacillary leprosy, the most contagious form of the disease, has been detected at continuously higher rates among Brazilian elderly people. Due to the so-called immunosenescence, characterized by several alterations in the quality of the immune response during aging, this group is more susceptible to infectious diseases. In view of such data, the purpose of our work was to investigate if age-related alterations in the immune response could influence the pathogenesis of leprosy. As such, we studied 87 individuals, 62 newly diagnosed and untreated leprosy patients distributed according to the age range and to the clinical forms of the disease and 25 healthy volunteers, who were studied as controls. The frequency of senescent and memory CD8+ leukocytes was assessed by immunofluorescence of biopsies from cutaneous lesions, while the serum levels of IgG anti-CMV antibodies were analyzed by chemiluminescence and the gene expression of T cell receptors' inhibitors by RT-qPCR. We noted an accumulation of memory CD8+ T lymphocytes, as well as reduced CD8+CD28+ cell expression in skin lesions from elderly patients, when compared to younger people. Alterations in LAG3 and PDCD1 gene expression in cutaneous lesions of young MB patients were also observed, when compared to elderly patients. Such data suggest that the age-related alterations of T lymphocyte subsets can facilitate the onset of leprosy in elderly patients, not to mention other chronic inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Wikstroemia ganpi Extract Improved Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions via Suppression of Interleukin-4 in 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene-Induced SKH-1 Hairless Mice

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 2016
Author(s):  
Jonghwan Jegal ◽  
No-June Park ◽  
Beom-Geun Jo ◽  
Tae-Young Kim ◽  
Sim-Kyu Bong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Skin Barrier Function ◽  
Blood Levels

Plants of the genus Wikstroemia are used in Chinese traditional medicine to treat inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis, bronchitis, and pneumonia. The present study was designed to determine whether Wikstroemia ganpi (Siebold and Zucc.) Maxim. offers a potential means of treating 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) in mice. Symptoms such as redness, edema, and keratinization in AD mice induced by DNCB were alleviated by the co-application of an ethanolic extract of W. ganpi for 2 weeks. The severity of skin barrier function damage was evaluated by measuring TEWL (transepidermal water loss). TEWLs of DNCB sensitized mouse dorsal skin were reduced by the application of a W. ganpi ethanolic extract, and skin hydration was increased. In addition, the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the dermis was significantly reduced, as were blood levels of IgE and IL-4, which play an important role in the expression of AD. The results of this experiment suggest that W. ganpi is a potential therapeutic agent for AD.

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