‘Tagore and China’ Reconsidered

2021 ◽  
pp. 209-235
Author(s):  
Yu-Ting Lee
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
Rabindranath Tagore ◽  
Eastern Culture ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Contemporary Chinese

This chapter re-examines the relationship between Rabindranath Tagore and China, which was previously understood through the poet’s 1924 controversial trip to China and thus subject to rather fixed interpretation. It argues that while it is important to explore how Tagore’s contemporary Chinese thinkers responded, usually emotionally, to his proposal of the ‘revival of Eastern culture’ according to their respective stances, more depth and dimensions can be restored to the event to sustain a fuller understanding of how cultural debate was conducted in the early twentieth-century world. To this end, starting from a thought-provoking conversation between Tagore and Feng Youlan, a to-be prominent philosopher who was a PhD researcher at Columbia University in 1920, this chapter seeks to demonstrate a philosophical reading of ‘Tagore and China’ and goes further to expand the intellectual web, covering both Chinese and Western thinkers of distinction, to reveal the world historical significance of Tagore’s uneasy interaction with China.

scholarly journals At the Borders of Non-Work: Poor Female Workers and Definitions of Vagrancy in Early Twentieth-Century Rio de Janeiro

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-224
Author(s):  
Lerice de Castro Garzoni
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Public Intellectual ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The Press ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis article discusses how residents of early twentieth-century Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, defined vagrancy. Commentators on the 1890 Penal Code sought to explain the terms of the article related to vagrancy, article number 399, and its application. Evaristo de Moraes, a lawyer, essayist, and public intellectual at that time, similarly dedicated several works to this topic, as did journalists and literary writers who worked in the press. But these debates in the lettered realm were not isolated from the views and actions of average citizens, a phenomenon that one can observe by reading the criminal proceedings against women who were arrested for repeat offenses against anti-vagrancy laws. In the interventions and arguments of the accused and their defenders, it is possible to observe how vagrancy took on new meanings and how, over the course of time, the relationship between these women and the world of work evolved.

On Metaphysics and the Political: A Polemics of Reading Baudelaire in the 1930s

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Joseph Acquisto
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Progressive Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This essay examines a polemic between two Baudelaire critics of the 1930s, Jean Cassou and Benjamin Fondane, which centered on the relationship of poetry to progressive politics and metaphysics. I argue that a return to Baudelaire's poetry can yield insight into what seems like an impasse in Cassou and Fondane. Baudelaire provides the possibility of realigning metaphysics and politics so that poetry has the potential to become the space in which we can begin to think the two of them together, as opposed to seeing them in unresolvable tension. Or rather, the tension that Baudelaire animates between the two allows us a new way of thinking about the role of esthetics in moments of political crisis. We can in some ways see Baudelaire as responding, avant la lettre, to two of his early twentieth-century readers who correctly perceived his work as the space that breathes a new urgency into the questions of how modern poetry relates to the world from which it springs and in which it intervenes.

Integration of the Tatar communityto Azerbaijani society

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (08) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Эллада Амирага гызы Аббасова ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Key Words ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Common Origin ◽  
The World ◽  
Future Events ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Relationship

The development of international cooperation in the field of culture is extremely important, since it ensures wide and in-depth interaction between states and peoples, makes a real opportunity for dialogue, unites the cultures of the peoples of the world. Two fraternal countries have actively taken root in international cultural exchange; Azerbaijan and Tatarstan. Azerbaijan is a multicultural country that is home to many peoples and ethnic minorities. Representatives of the peoples inhabiting this region are full citizens of the Republic of Azerbaijan, including the Tatars. The radical transformations that befell these countries at the end of the twentieth century influenced future events and their development. The Azerbaijani and Tatar peoples, whose relations have a long history, are linked by a common origin, similarity of language, culture and traditions. The relationship between the two peoples has strengthened even more during the years of independence. Key words: Tatars in Azerbaijan, activities of the Tatar community, cultural exchange, Tugan-Tel, Yashlek, Ak-Kalfak

Englishness, Empire and Nostalgia: A Heterodox Religious Community's Appeal in the Inter-War Years

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 374-392
Author(s):  
Jane Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War I ◽  
British Empire ◽  
Belief Networks ◽  
Healing Ministry ◽  
World War ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
Sense Of Identity ◽  
The Rich

This article looks at the ways in which the Panacea Society – a heterodox, millenarian group based in Bedford during the inter-war years – spread its ideas: through personal, familial and shared belief networks across the British empire; by building new modes of attracting adherents, in particular a global healing ministry; and by shipping its publications widely. It then examines how the society appealed to its (white) members in the empire in three ways: through its theology, which put Britain at the centre of the world; by presuming the necessity and existence of a ‘Greater Britain’ and the British empire, while in so many other quarters these entities were being questioned in the wake of World War I; and by a deliberately cultivated and nostalgic notion of ‘Englishness’. The Panacea Society continued and developed the idea of the British empire as providential at a time when the idea no longer held currency in most circles. The article draws on the rich resource of letters in the Panacea Society archive to contribute to an emerging area of scholarship on migrants’ experience in the early twentieth-century British empire (especially the dominions) and their sense of identity, in this case both religious and British.

André Martinet (1908–1999)

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-293
Author(s):  
Johannes Klare
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of Linguistics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Position ◽  
Research Director

André Martinet holds an important position in the history of linguistics in the twentieth century. For more than six decades he decisively influenced the development of linguistics in France and in the world. He is one of the spokespersons for French linguistic structuralism, the structuralisme fonctionnel. The article focuses on a description and critical appreciation of the interlinguistic part of Martinet’s work. The issue of auxiliary languages and hence interlinguistics had interested Martinet greatly from his youth and provoked him to examine the matter actively. From 1946 onwards he worked in New York as a professor at Columbia University and a research director of the International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA). From 1934 he was in contact with the Danish linguist and interlinguist Otto Jespersen (1860–1943). Martinet, who went back to Paris in 1955 to work as a professor at the École Pratique des Hautes Études (Sorbonne), increasingly developed into an expert in planned languages; for his whole life, he was committed to the world-wide use of a foreign language that can be learned equally easily by members of all ethnic groups; Esperanto, functioning since 1887, seemed a good option to him.

scholarly journals A MODEL OF EXPRESSIONIST STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT IN THE WORK OF THE WRITER (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE WORKS OF LEO PERUTS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (78) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
E.A. Radaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Large Interval ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
First Time

The purpose of this study is to present a model for the development of the expressionist method in the genre of the novel using the example of the evolution of the novelistic work of the Austrian writer of the early twentieth century L. Perutz. The results obtained: the creative method of the Austrian writer is moving from scientific knowledge to mysticism; in the center of all novels created with a large interval, there is always a confused hero, broken by what is happening (in other words, the absurdity of the world), whose state is often conveyed through gestures; the author finally moves away from linear narration to dividing the plot into almost autonomous stories, thematically gravitating more and more to the distant historical past. Scientific novelty: the novels of L. Perutz are for the first time examined in relative detail through the prism of the aesthetics of expressionism.

scholarly journals Emil Theodor Kocher: an innovator surgeon.

1969 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
María Liliana Franco ◽  
Natalia Acosta ◽  
Lilian Chuaire
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
Emil Theodor Kocher ◽  
Theodor Kocher

Emil Theodor Kocher is considered along with Frank Lahey, Theodor Billroth, William Halsted, Charles Mayo, George Crile and Thomas Dunhill as one of the «Magnificent Seven», referring to the group of surgeons who managed thyroidectomy to make it a safe and efficient intervention that it is now practiced throughout the world. He was author of numerous contributions towards medicine. One of his most important contributions was to elucidate the function of the thyroid gland, through the observation and study of thyroidectomyzed patients, for which he was recognized by the academic and scientific community during the early twentieth century.

Japanese Phenomenology

2015 ◽  
pp. 630-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tōru Tani
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Nishida Kitaro ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter is an introduction to Japanese phenomenology, which was brought to Japan in the early twentieth century by Nishida Kitarō and others, soon after Husserl launched the movement in Germany. Beginning with a brief historical and cultural overview, the chapter focuses on four major phenomenologists: Sakabe Megumi, Nitta Yoshihiro, Noé Keiichi, and Washida Kiyokazu. Each of the four, each in a different way, articulates a fundamental aspect of Japanese phenomenology: the criticism of subject-object dualism and the attending idea of an autonomous being-in-itself. All attempt to inquire more deeply into the nondual dimensions underlying that dualism: Sakabe through an inquiry into betweenness (aida or awai), encounter, and reflection (utsushi); Nitta by probing the depths of “verticality” and “mediality”; Noé by investigating the relationship between narrative and experience; and Washida by transgressing the borders of philosophy and pursuing more “reversibility” in human relationships.

On the idea of the planetary

Soundings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (78) ◽  
pp. 50-63
Author(s):  
Dipesh Chakrabarty ◽  
Ashish Ghadiali
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Rabindranath Tagore ◽  
Atmospheric Sciences ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Agent Of Change ◽  
The Relationship

The notion of the planetary allows us to distinguish between the global of globalisation and the global of global warming. Globalisation is the process through which humans created the world we live in, how we converted the planet into a spherical human domain, at the centre of which are the human stories of technology, empires, capitalism and inequality. Global warming is what has resulted at the planetary level as intensified human consumption of the globe's resources has turned humanity into a geological agent of change. The global is 500 years old, while the planetary is as old as the age of the earth. The physical world has its own deep history: over time it has experienced profound changes. If climate change is to be addressed this mutability must be recognised – the unchanging nature of the world can no longer be taken for granted. The interview covers the rise of atmospheric sciences during the Cold War, when the Earth became, effectively, part of a comparative study of planets; the relationship between Marxism and the idea of 'deep history'; the human-made ecological disaster of bush-fires in Australia; the influence of Rohith Vemula and Rabindranath Tagore on planetary thinking and ideas about connectivity; biopower, zoe and the pandemic; and the difficulty of thinking politically about deep history.

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