Maintaining the Camps

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie Y. Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Water Pipelines ◽  
American Labor

This chapter focuses on the maintenance of the camps. It explores how wartime shortages and Japanese American labor protests intersected with harsh environmental conditions, complicating the WRA’s efforts to keep the camps running smoothly. One of the first challenges was finding adequate coal to heat the camps during the winter. The WRA then confronted the protests of detainees, who called attention to how seasonal changes added to their labor duties. Alkaline soil, moreover, ate away at water pipelines and required constant repairs. The natural world helped to shape modes of Japanese American resistance, as some individuals refused to work or went on strike.

Nature Behind Barbed Wire

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie Y. Chiang
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
World War ◽  
Us History ◽  
War Relocation Authority ◽  
The Social ◽  
Japanese Ancestry

The mass imprisonment of over 110,000 people of Japanese ancestry during World War II was one of the most egregious violations of civil liberties in US history. Removed from their homes on the temperate Pacific Coast, Japanese Americans spent the war years in ten desolate camps in the nation’s interior. Although scholars and commentators acknowledge the harsh environmental conditions of these camps, they have turned their attention to the social, political, or legal dimensions of this story. Nature Behind Barbed Wire shifts the focus to the natural world and explores how it shaped the experiences of Japanese Americans and federal officials who worked for the War Relocation Authority (WRA), the civilian agency that administered the camps. The complexities of the natural world both enhanced and constrained the WRA’s power and provided Japanese Americans with opportunities to redefine the terms and conditions of their confinement. Even as the environment compounded their feelings of despair and outrage, they also learned that their willingness (or lack thereof) to transform and adapt to the natural world could help them endure and even contest their incarceration. Ultimately, this book demonstrates that the Japanese American incarceration was fundamentally an environmental story. Japanese Americans and WRA officials negotiated the terms of confinement with each other and with a dynamic natural world.

scholarly journals Photoperiodic regulation of prolactin secretion: changes in intra-pituitary signalling and lactotroph heterogeneity

2004 ◽  
Vol 180 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Pars Tuberalis ◽  
Photoperiodic Regulation ◽  
Pituitary Lactotroph

Many mammalian species utilise day-length (photoperiod) to adapt their physiology to seasonal changes in environmental conditions, via secretion of pineal melatonin. Photoperiodic regulation of prolactin secretion is believed to occur via melatonin-mediated changes in the secretion of a putative prolactin secretagogue, tuberalin, from the pituitary pars tuberalis. Despite the in vivo and in vitro evidence in support of this intra-pituitary signalling mechanism, the identity of tuberalin has yet to be elucidated. This paper reviews recent advances in the characterisation of tuberalin and the regulation of its secretion. Furthermore, the hypothesis that pituitary lactotroph cells display heterogeneity in their response to changing photoperiod and tuberalin secretion is examined.

Sprinter and Sprummer

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Entwisle
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Carnivorous Plants ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
The World

Since 1788, Australia has carried the yoke of four European seasons that make no sense in most parts of the country. We may like them for historical or cultural reasons, or because they are the same throughout the world, but they tell us nothing of our natural environment. It's time to reject those seasons and to adopt a system that brings us more in tune with our plants and animals – a system that helps us to notice and respond to climate change. Using examples from his 25 years working in botanic gardens, author Timothy Entwisle illustrates how our natural world really responds to seasonal changes in temperature, rainfall and daylight, and why it would be better to divide up the year based on what Australian plants do rather than ancient rites of the Northern Hemisphere. Sprinter and Sprummer opens with the origins and theory of the traditional seasonal system, and goes on to review the Aboriginal seasonal classifications used across Australia. Entwisle then proposes a new five-season approach, explaining the characteristics of each season, along with the biological changes that define them. The book uses seasons to describe the fascinating triggers in the life of a plant (and plant-like creatures), using charismatic flora such as carnivorous plants, the Wollemi Pine and orchids, as well as often overlooked organisms such as fungi. The final chapter considers climate change and how the seasons are shifting whether we like it or not.

Studies of the hydrobiology of a tropical lake in north-western Queensland. II. Seasonal changes in thermal and dissolved oxygen characteristics

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 589 ◽  
Author(s):  
CM Finlayson ◽  
TP Farrell ◽  
DJ Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Thermal Stratification ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Tropical Lake ◽  
North Western

The stratification characteristics of Lake Moondarra (24�34'S.,139�35'E.), a man-made lake in north- western Queensland, have been studied. Evidence is presented that the lake approximates the warm polymictic type in which no persistent thermal stratification ever develops. During the cooler months, thermal stratification breaks down during the night; in the warmer months, the intense rainstorms prevent the establishment of a persistently stratified water column. The shallowness of the lake relative to its surface areaand the prevailing environmental conditions ensure that extensive periods of oxygen depletion do not develop in the water column. It is concluded that a strong and prolonged period of thermal stratification, with subsequent serious effects of the availability of dissolved oxygen in the deeper layers, would only arise if, in a particular year. there were no significant rainstorms.

Seasonal changes in the diving performance of the bimodally respiring freshwater turtle Rheodytes leukops in a natural setting

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A Gordos ◽  
Craig E Franklin ◽  
Colin J Limpus
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Freshwater Turtle ◽  
Natural Setting ◽  
Aquatic Respiration ◽  
Pressure Sensitive ◽  
Austral Autumn

The objective of this study was to investigate how seasonally fluctuating environmental conditions influence the diving performance of the highly aquatic, bimodally respiring turtle Rheodytes leukops in a natural setting. Over four consecutive seasons (Austral autumn 2000 to summer 2001), the diving behaviour of adult turtles was recorded via pressure-sensitive time–depth recorders within Marlborough Creek, central Queensland, Australia. Short surfacing intervals recorded for R. leukops in winter suggest that the species utilizes aquatic respiration as an overwintering strategy to prevent the development of a metabolic acidosis during the long inactive dives observed during the season. As water temperature increases and aquatic PO2 decreases, R. leukops switches from facultative to obligate air-breathing, presumably because of the increased metabolic cost associated with aquatic respiration under summer conditions. Increases in mean surfacing time from winter to spring and summer are attributed to seasonal changes in behaviour possibly associated with foraging rather than to the physiological state of the turtle, given that no difference in median surfacing time among seasons was observed.

Variation in calcification rate of Acropora downingi relative to seasonal changes in environmental conditions in the northeastern Persian Gulf

Coral Reefs ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1371-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahangir Vajed Samiei ◽  
Abolfazl Saleh ◽  
Arash Shirvani ◽  
Neda Sheijooni Fumani ◽  
Mehri Hashtroudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Calcification Rate
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