Iraq’s Religious Landscape in the Wake of the Gulf War

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Helfont
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Gulf War ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Conference Organization ◽  
Religious Landscape

This chapter discusses changes in Iraq’s religious landscape during and after the Gulf War. Because Saudi Arabia was a major adversary of the regime during the conflict, the Saudi-backed Wahhabism/Salafism became a significant threat. The regime reorganized its institutions to deal with Wahhabism and Salafism, terms that it viewed as synonymous. Several of the regime’s institutions, such as the Popular Islamic Conference Organization and the Saddam University for Islamic Studies, were originally founded with Saudi assistance. Now these institutions needed to purge Saudis and their allies from them. Following the Gulf War, there were major uprisings in the Shi’i-dominated areas of Iraq. This chapter also discusses how the regime dealt with those uprisings and dispels the popular myth that the regime’s policies were driven by Sunni sectarianism.

scholarly journals Mohammad in Archipelago: Spatializing Spirituality in Majelis Shalawat Syubbanul Muslimin in Kalikajar Probolinggo

2018 ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Nurul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Spatial Order ◽  
Religious Landscape

Using Mohammad in Archipelago as a metaphor of the postmodern religious landscape, this article argues that Mohammad, a prophet of Muslim born in Mecca Saudi Arabia, has undoubtedly become a consumer item in shalawat council (Majelis Shalawat) practiced in many areas of Indonesia, including Probolinggo. This new religious phenomenon has been reproduced in line with the emergence of blurred negotiation between the profane and the sacred, and by the fact that religion is always posed in social life and in business life, shalawat practice also depends itself on the meaning and process making, or the certain socio-cultural context. This study sets the Majelis Shalawat Syubbanul Muslimin, located at Probolinggo, in relation with the ways they reproduced its penetration of religion vis-a-vis market economy. It also portrays how Syubbanul Muslimin produced a spatial order of certain followers since they have successfully practiced modes and techniques of production, consumption, and structuration of their own spiritual market. Additionally, it also contributes to the construction of charisma they have shaped by using the economic-political discourse of media.

Long-term (1991–1995) monitoring of the intertidal biota of Saudi Arabia after the 1991 gulf war oil spill

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 472-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A Jones ◽  
Jaime Plaza ◽  
Iain Watt ◽  
Mahmoud Al Sanei
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Gulf War

Premature Mortality in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Associated with Particulate Matter Air Pollution from the 1991 Gulf War

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald H. White ◽  
Carl H. Stineman ◽  
J. Morel Symons ◽  
Patrick N. Breysse ◽  
Sung Roul Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Gulf War ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia

Divergent goals will rock Saudi-Egyptian relations

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Gulf War ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Refined Oil ◽  
Regional Order

Significance The oil shipments were part of a five-year deal that Saudi would provide Egypt with 700,000 tonnes of refined oil products per month, but these were stopped in early October amid a row over Egypt's position towards Syria. Relations between Saudi Arabia and Egypt have served as a bedrock of stability in the Middle East for much of the period since the second Gulf War (1990-91), but this subset of the regional order now appears in jeopardy. Impacts If Riyadh withholds investments or future assistance, the Egyptian economy may deteriorate even further. Should Egypt's economic crisis deepen, its political stability outlook would look uncertain at best and unsustainable at worst. This crisis compounds the Kingdom's recent regional setbacks, as the Syrian and Yemeni wars slide towards unfavourable outcomes for Riyadh.

Beyond Sunni and Shia

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Identity Conflict ◽  
Science History ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Islamic Identity ◽  
And Diffusion

This collection seeks to advance our understanding of intra-Islamic identity conflict during a period of upheaval in the Middle East. Instead of treating distinctions between and within Sunni and Shia Islam as primordial and immutable, it examines how political economy, geopolitics, domestic governance, social media, non- and sub-state groups, and clerical elites have affected the transformation and diffusion of sectarian identities. Particular attention is paid to how conflicts over distribution of political and economic power have taken on a sectarian quality, and how a variety of actors have instrumentalized sectarianism. The volume, covering Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia and the Gulf, Iran, and Egypt, includes contributors from a broad array of disciplines including political science, history, sociology, and Islamic studies. Beyond Sunni and Shia draws on extensive fieldwork and primary sources to offer insights that are empirically rich and theoretically grounded, but also accessible for policy audiences and the informed public.

Source Credibility during the Gulf War: A Q-Study of Rural and Urban Saudi Arabian Citizens

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safran S. Al-Makaty ◽  
Douglas A. Boyd ◽  
G. Norman Van Tubergen
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Source Credibility ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
Gulf War ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Broadcast Media ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Saudi Arabians

This study of how Saudi Arabians sought and placed credibility in information sources about the Gulf War found that those studied fell into two groups: (1) global oriented individuals, primarily urbanites, who were international radio-oriented; and (2) traditional or village oriented individuals, primarily rural, who placed more trust in domestic media. All relied more heavily on broadcast media than on print media. Sources of information were Q-sorted by male Saudi nationals in western Saudi Arabia.

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