Ontological History

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Thomas Nail
Keyword(s):  
Original Method ◽  
Kinetic Activity ◽  
History Of

This chapter lays out an original method for the study of the history of ontology. It also critiques two major problems in the study of ontology: stasis and reductionism. Ontological practice is a historical and kinetic activity, and it therefore makes an important intervention into the study of ontology more broadly. What is at stake, therefore, in the development of an ontology of motion is a solution to these two problems. In addition, the chapter develops a theory of ontology as a practice of graphism. Finally, it provides an outline of the plan of the book and the major theses that will be argued herein.

Numerical and Experimental Study of the Loaded Transmission Error of a Worm Gear With a Plastic Wheel

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre de Vaujany ◽  
Michèle Guingand ◽  
Didier Remond
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Worm Gear ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Structural Damping ◽  
Kelvin Model ◽  
Worm Gears ◽  
History Of ◽  
Generalized Kelvin Model

Nowadays, the wheels of worm gears with a low module can be made of plastic; thus, classical modeling can no longer be used satisfactorily. The present paper describes an original method for studying the quasistatic loaded behavior of a worm gear, with a steel worm and a nylon wheel. A generalized Kelvin model is proposed, and the computation of load sharing is described by using an equation of displacement compatibility. The history of previous deformation and the effect of the nylon’s structural damping are also taken into account. Experimental measurements of the loaded transmission error are performed with the help of optical encoders rigidly connected to the worm and gear shafts, giving access to their instantaneous angular positions. The numerical simulations fit quite well with the experimental results.

scholarly journals Painting, Poetry and the Interference of the Genres in English Art: The Case of William Blake

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Atanas Karaçoban ◽  
Patricia Denisa Dita
Keyword(s):  
Western Culture ◽  
William Blake ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Artistic Practice ◽  
Poetic Text ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artistic Works

Throughout the history of Western culture and art, there are numerous examples of those who, in their creativity, went beyond the limits of a particular art, embarking instead on attempts to combine in one artistic discourse the practices of various arts, such as music and poetic text, drama and dance, literature and sculpture, literature and painting, and so on. One of these artists is William Blake, acclaimed as a major poet and painter of romanticism in English and world art. He is accredited as the founder of a whole new and original method of producing artistic works, called “illuminated printing”, which is a remarkable combination of poetic text, decoration, and picture. Apart from revealing Blake’s appurtenance to romantic tradition, the present study aims to present the specificity of his technique and, primary, to disclose the ways in which it combines the artistic practice of poetry with that of painting as to render and strengthen the meaning by mutually sustaining and illuminating each other.

scholarly journals Modified Staphylococcal Absorption Method Used for Detecting Rubella-Specific Immunoglobulin M Antibodies During a Rubella Epidemic

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 588-592
Author(s):  
R. Handsher ◽  
A. Fogel
Keyword(s):  
Density Gradient ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Density Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Absorption Method ◽  
Igm Antibody ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
History Of

A recently described method for detecting rubella-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody based on absorption of IgG by Staphylococcus aureus strain Cowan I has been applied to 198 sera collected during a recent rubella epidemic in Israel. Modification of the original method introduced for the present study includes treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol of antibody remaining after absorption by staphylococci. This treatment confirms that the residual antibody is IgM (sensitive to 2-mercaptoethanol) rather than IgG (2-mercaptoethanol resistant). None of the 67 control patients (seropositive for rubella but without history of recent illness or contact) had specific IgM when tested by this method, though 15 showed some residual antibody after staphylococcal absorption. A total of 125 of 131 rubella convalescents (95%) were positive 4 to 49 days after onset of the clinical symptoms. Six patients had no IgM antibodies when tested by the method described, and all were convalescents tested late in relation to onset of clinical symptoms (beyond 3 weeks). When density gradient centrifugation was applied to clarify some results, 2 of 3 convalescents classified as IgM negative by the staphylococcal absorption method did in fact possess IgM antibody. None of 10 controls tested by density gradient centrifugation was IgM positive. This combination of staphylococcal absorption and 2-mercaptoethanol treatment is recommended as a screening test for selection of IgM positives, in addition to the use of a more sensitive method (such as density gradient centrifugation) on at least some samples classified as IgM negative.

scholarly journals Некоторые замечания о нестандартных методах анализа. I

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.I. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Predicate Logic ◽  
Continuum Hypothesis ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Formal Proofs ◽  
Forthcoming Article ◽  
First Order ◽  
Boolean Valued Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Infinitesimal Analysis ◽  
The Axiom Of Choice

This and forthcoming articles discuss two of the most known nonstandard methods of analysis---the Robinsons infinitesimal analysis and the Boolean valued analysis, the history of their origination, common features, differences, applications and prospects. This article contains a review of infinitesimal analysis and the original method of forcing. The presentation is intended for a reader who is familiar only with the most basic concepts of mathematical logic---the language of first-order predicate logic and its interpretations. It is also desirable to have some idea of the formal proofs and the Zermelo--Fraenkel axiomatics of the set theory. In presenting the infinitesimal analysis, special attention is paid to formalizing the sentences of ordinary mathematics in a first-order language for a superstructure. The presentation of the forcing method is preceded by a brief review of C.Godels result on the compatibility of the Axiom of Choice and the Continuum Hypothesis with Zermelo--Fraenkels axiomatics. The forthcoming article is devoted to Boolean valued models and to the Boolean valued analysis, with particular attention to the history of its origination.

scholarly journals Population networks from DNA sequences: methodological developments

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Schaeffer ◽  
V. Nicolas ◽  
F. Austerlitz ◽  
C. Larédo
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Models ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Population History ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Simulated Data Sets

AbstractSeveral classes of methods have been proposed for inferring the history of populations from genetic polymorphism data. As connectivity is a key factor to explain the structure of populations, several graph-based methods have been developed to this aim, using population genetics data. Here we propose an original method based on graphical models that uses DNA sequences to provide relationships between populations. We tested our method on various simulated data sets, describing typical demographic scenarios, for different parameters values. We found that our method behaved noticeably well for realistic demographic evolutionary processes and recovered suitably the migration processes. Our method provides thus a complementary tool for investigating population history based on genetic material.

scholarly journals Professor of the Imperial Medical-Surgical Academy V.M. Florinsky – Scientist, Teacher and Statesman

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Alexander Anatolevich Dvirskii ◽  
Anatoly Emelianovich Dvirsky ◽  
Igor Isaakovich Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Medical Genetics ◽  
University Education ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
State Activity ◽  
History Of

The main periods of life, scientific and state activity of Vasilij Markovich Florinsky. The purpose of the article is to consider stages of V.M. Florinsky’s activity in the academy as a pupil, scientist and statesman and to show his role in the development of obstetrics and gynaecology, anthropology, ethnography, history of medicine and folk medicine, as well as his contribution to the formation of eugenics and medical genetics. During the study the following methods were applied: theoretical, analysis, biographical. V.M. Florinsky published more than 330 scientific works. He published about 30 scientific publications on various sections of obstetrics and gynaecology. The scientist proposed an original method to prevent ruptures of the perineum during childbirth, among the first in Russia he successfully used chloroform for anesthesia in childbirth, conducted various histological studies in the field of obstetrics and gynaecology. A significant part of V.M. Florinsky's publications is devoted to archaeological and ethnographic researches. Discussion: V.M. Florinsky's biography will arise interest in specialists of humanitarian and medical profiles, politicians and public figures. Conclusion: having considered the main periods of life, scientific and state activity of V.M. Florinsky, his significant contribution to the development of obstetrics and gynaecology, anthropology, ethnography, history of medicine and folk medicine and to the formation of eugenics and medical genetics can be noted. V.M. Florinsky as a reformer and administrator in the system of university education strengthened the domestic and international authority of Russian science.

Numerical and Experimental Study of Loaded Transmission Error of Worm Gear With a Plastic Wheel

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre de Vaujany ◽  
Miche`le Guingand ◽  
Didier Remond
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Worm Gear ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Structural Damping ◽  
Kelvin Model ◽  
Worm Gears ◽  
History Of ◽  
Generalized Kelvin Model

Nowadays, the wheels of worm gears with a low module can be made of plastic, thus classical modeling can no longer be used satisfactorily. The present paper describes an original method for studying the quasi-static loaded behavior of a worm gear, with a steel worm and a nylon wheel. A generalized Kelvin model is proposed and the computation of load sharing is described by using an equation of displacement compatibility. The history of previous deformation and the effect of the nylon’s structural damping are also taken into account. Experimental measurements of the Loaded Transmission Error are performed with the help of optical encoders rigidly connected to the worm and gear shafts, giving access to their instantaneous angular positions. The numerical simulations fit quite well with the experimental results.

Canzoniere Francesco Petrarch in a new translation by Vladimir Maransman

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
I.I. Dokuchaev
Keyword(s):  
Original Method ◽  
Divine Comedy ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Italian Poetry ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lyric Poet ◽  
Francesco Petrarch ◽  
The Book Of Songs ◽  
The Russian Language

The review presents a new book by Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Education Vladimir Georgievich Maransman — a translation from Italian of the Book of Songs (Canzoniere) by Francesco Petrarch. This translation is a real event in the history of modern Russian culture, since it turned out to be one of the first full translations into Russian of the main book of the great Italian poet of the Renaissance, the first lyric poet in the history of European poetry — Petrarch, made by one translator. The translation was carried out taking into account the long tradition of Russian translations of Petrarch poetry and has a significant amount of author's text (poet's property). The translation uses the original method of V. G. Marantsman, already used in his previous work — the full translation of Dante’s “Divine Comedy”, and which has been recognized by many readers and critics; a method of conveying the stylistic features of Italian poetry of the era of its occurrence by similar means of the Russian language.

History of pancreatic cancer surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-210
Author(s):  
B. V. Sigua ◽  
V. P. Zemlyanoy ◽  
E. L. Lataria ◽  
E. A. Zakharov ◽  
S. Yu. Rakita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Pancreatic Surgery ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Head Cancer ◽  
The Past ◽  
Subsequent Separation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract. The first mention of pancreatic cancer dates back to 1761, when the six-volume work of the famous Italian anatomist G. Morgagni On the location and causes of diseases discovered through dissection was published. However, the history of surgical treatment of malignant tumors of the pancreas dates back to the end of the 19th century. The accumulated experience of operational techniques and the introduction of aseptic rules created objective prerequisites for performing operations in complex anatomical zones during that period of time. On July 16, 1882, the famous German surgeon F. Trendelenburg, firstly, performed a successful resection of the tail of the pancreas for sarcoma, founding the development of surgery in this field. However, the success in this sphere could not be shifted to a tumor of the head of the gland due to the subsequent separation of the duct system from the duodenum. Over the following years, many outstanding surgeons tried to solve this problem, such as: A. Codivilla, W. Halsted, W. Kaush, until in the early 40s A. Whipple proposed a new method of pancreatoduodenal resection, that became the gold standard for head cancer treatment pancreas. Although it was not possible to achieve significant success in the treatment of cancer in the original method of operation, as a result at various stages of time this procedure wasnt used a lot and was almost forgotten. Today, surgery remains the leading method in the complex treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer. Minimally invasive technologies have been actively introduced into pancreatic surgery in the past two decades. The indications for surgery have been expanded, lymphadenectomy standards have been introduced, thereby increasing the chances of a successful cure.

scholarly journals Early Quaternary history of the genus Archidiskodon (Proboscidea, Elephantidae) in Western Siberia: to the question of intermediate links in mammoth lineage

2018 ◽  
Vol 322 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-258
Author(s):  
I.V. Foronova
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Kuznetsk Basin ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Intermediate Form ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Morphometric Features ◽  
History Of ◽  
Quaternary History

The paper is concerned with the early representatives of the Archidiskodon–Mammuthus lineage from the sediments of Lower Pleistocene of the South of Western Siberia (Kuznetsk Basin). Several forms were being described within the genus Archidiskodon (A. meridionalis, A. m. tamanensis, A. m. voigtstedtensis, A. aff. wusti) which represent consecutive steps of progressive development of the lineage on the early stage of its evolution. Morphometric features of molars (M3) have been studied using the author’s original method designed for this group, which allowed specifying systematic attribution of the taxa under study and their position in the structure of the mammoth lineage. It was demonstrated that the form previously distinguished as Wust’s elephant and later attributed to the species M. trogontherii significantly differs from the latter in frequency and length of the plates. This form also stands out well statistically and is regarded as a separate and the latest taxon among the Archidiskodon group of elephants. A. wusti occupies a distinct position of an intermediate form (a ‘bridge’ as H. Pohlig put it) between the genera Archidiskodon and Mammuthus in the structure of the mammoth lineage. Thus, the multi-dimensional diagrams used in our method permit to take a step close to revealing of so-called intermediate links in the mammoth lineage. Direction of phyletic development and some adaptations of the group in the second half of Early Pleistocene are also discussed. Account is also given to the accompanying fauna and the existence period of these species on the territory under study.

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