The History of Migration from Turkey to Western Europe: A Multi-theoretical Analysis of the Routes to Germany and the United Kingdom

Since the existing research on migration from Turkey to Western Europe does not employ multiple theoretical perspectives, this article, based on two field studies, focuses on the changing phases and forms of this human mobility by utilising a number of relevant international migration theories. The article examines the uncovered socio-economic, demographic, and political aspects of migration from Turkey to Germany and the United Kingdom and unpacks how the parameters and motives for these two routes have changed from a comparative historical perspective. In this way, it deepens the discussion on the factors and circumstances leading to migration and demonstrates that while individual, household, and historical-structural distinctions and conflicts initiate human mobility, it is perpetuated by ongoing differences, a culture of migration, networks, and ethnic economies.

Newcomer challenges with accessing healthcare services in Saskatchewan, Canada

Newcomers experience a variety of barriers to healthcare services. The study objective is to identify newcomers’ healthcare barriers. During 2014-2015, we conducted in-depth interviews with service providers, and newcomer parents who had been in Saskatchewan for under 5 years. Primary themes include: 1) navigation difficulty, 2) limited awareness, 3) language, 4) interpretation and translation, 5) health benefits, 6) service limitations and stigma, 7) gender and cultural concerns, 8) health attitudes and beliefs, and 9) work demands. The results exposed service gaps and suggest options to improve access to healthcare. Consideration should be given to the development of formal processes to ensure the provision of information concerning healthcare and health benefit programs, as well as responsive healthcare services, including convenient primary healthcare sites that offer comprehensive care in a culturally responsive manner with embedded interpretation services to ensure that the Saskatchewan healthcare system does not perpetuate or create health disparities.

Çalışma Mekanı Olarak Ev: Küresel Salgın Dönemi’nde Yaşam Denge Algısı’nın Dışavurumu

Küresel salgın döneminde yeni çalışma mekanı olarak “ev”e nasıl ve ne ölçüde uyum sağlandığı, iş ve iş dışı yaşam dengesinin nasıl deneyimlendiği bu araştırmanın temel sorularıdır. Fiziksel ve sosyal çevreden etkilenen ve aynı zamanda psikolojik çevreye ilişkin algılarımızı da etkileyen “bireysel yaşam alanları” olarak çalışma mekanlarının, sağlığımız ve esenliğimiz üzerindeki etkileri son yıllarda üzerinde durulan konular arasında yer almaktadır. Pandemi ile birlikte; uzaktan çalışma, özellikle ofis çalışanları için dünya çapında bir tür norm haline gelmiştir. Evde çalışmaya geçilmesi ile birlikte, çalışma ile ofis alanları arasındaki çizgiler ve mesafeler giderek bulanıklaşmaya başlamıştır. Bu geçişin bir sonucu olarak, evde özel bir alan yaratmak önemli bir hal almıştır. Çalışmamız, çok disiplinli bir konu olan “çalışma mekanı olarak ev”i, birey ve çevre ilişkisi bağlamında ele almaktadır. Bunun içinde netnografik yaklaşımla bir sosyal ağ platformu üzerinden, evden çalışmaya ilişkin paylaşımlar içerik analiziyle değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular; paylaşımlarla ilgili zaman aralığı, cinsiyet, iş-meslek gibi verilerin, demografik ve çalışma alanının düzenlenmesi, kurumsallık, yaşam dengesi gibi göstergelerle içerik analizi sonucu oluşan temalar üzerinden sunulmuştur. Bulgular konuyla ilgili paylaşımların çoğunlukla olumlu olduğunu, paylaşım yapanların büyük oranda kadın olduğunu ve salgının başladığı andan itibaren, evde günlük rutinin düzenlenmesi ile bir çalışma alanı oluşturulmasının öncelikli konular olduğunu göstermektedir.

Critical study of leadership styles in handling COVID-19 crisis

The world is passing through an unparalleled crisis, named COVID-19. The world economy is surrounded by it, and therefore on a daily basis, there are many updates in the situation, which is rapidly changing the status of the nation’s worldwide. Some are on the verge of survival, some are trying to get the makeover and some are facing turmoil. In order to overcome this situation, the leaders of the different countries had to plan the strategies to deal with this current situation. Therefore, this paper is focused upon determining the different leadership styles followed by the leaders of the different countries and the effectiveness of these leadership styles in handling the COVID-19 situation. Both primary and secondary data has been collected for the research. This research would encourage the academicians, researchers, management students, corporate managers and employees etc. to understand the impact of different leadership styles followed by the leaders to control any devastating situation that could shatter the economy of any nation. This research would help develop the proper understanding of the different leadership styles and its implementation for determining the effectiveness of the different leadership styles in handling this uncontrollable situation.

Editorial

On behalf of the editorial team of Border Crossing journal, I am very delighted to introduce the first issue of the twenty first volume. In the first instance, our journal is an international multidisciplinary peer-reviewed journal that has been in publication since 2011 and publishes quality articles from any fields of Social Sciences and Humanities. We would like to emphasize that Border Crossing has switched to the “open issue” model and promises to complete the rapid refereeing process without delay according to the wishes of the authors. Thus, we publish two issues per year covering the first and second half of each year. Herewith, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to our authors, reviewers, editorial board members, co-editors and readers who contributed to the development and success of our Journal.

Forging a Linguistic Identity, Overseas-trained South Asian Doctors in the UK

Contemporary social policy debates on community cohesion in the UK appear to have very prescribed identities for migrants centred around on concepts of ‘Britishness’, having ‘common values’ and one national language, that is, English, for their successful integration. This paper draws on an empirical study of the integration and identity experiences of overseas-trained South Asian Doctors in the UK. The study involved in-depth interviews with 27 overseas-trained South Asian doctors practicing as general practitioners (GPs) in three geographical locales with varying ethnic density and urban/rural mix in the UK. The study set out to explore how this group of highly skilled migrants integrated into the UK society, perceived their identities and whether they had acquired a sense of belonging to Britain. The key concepts examined included identity, context of migration, structural and socio-cultural integration. Their narratives show that while they drew on certain sections of British society for recognition and realisation of opportunity by embedding themselves in local social contexts, they also drew strength from their own religious/cultural and linguistic resources. This included engaging with the revolutionary writings of their own poets and scholars as a way of creative thinking, innovating and dealing with adversity. In addition to the adaptation and dealing with adversity in the UK, the evidence shows that South Asian languages have played a significant role in maintaining transnational identities.

From Secular Muslim Feminisim to Islamic Feminism(s) and New Generation Islamic Feminists in Egypt, Iran and Turkey

In dominantly Muslim societies, there have been two major feminist paradigms referred to as “secular Muslim feminism” emerging at late nineteenth century and “Islamic feminism(s)” arising after the 4th women world congress in Beijing in 1995. They evolved in historical contexts where new subjects and identities were being re/fashioned out of shifting combinations of religious, class, ethnic, and national affiliations. On the one hand, secular Muslim feminism joined the western oriented first wave of liberal feminism including secular nationalists, Islamic modernists, humanitarian/human rightists, and democrats. Islamic feminism, on the other hand, is expressed in a single or dominantly religiously grounded discourse taking the Qur'an as its core text. In this article, I reflect on the roots of feminism in the Middle East with a particular emphasis on Egypt, Iran and Turkey. I discuss secular feminism and Islamic feminism, and what makes them distinct. Finally, I discuss whether a new wave of Islamic feminism has been formed with the criticisms of a new generation of Islamic feminists.

On Being and Belonging: Transnational migration and its bearing on my identity and sense of belonging

Movement of people within or between countries has taken place for millennia. Migration is a common phenomenon, where migrant experiences are known to be vast and varied. Although migration has been studied globally, there is a need to document personal migrant experiences to understand their struggles in order to build inclusive communities. This narrative describes the author’s transnational experiences and struggles in trying to grapple with her identity and sense of belonging.

Integration and Local Finnish Governments: Local Turn or State Responsibility?

Local governments have become more important in the integration of immigrants, constituting a local turn in integration policy. However, the empirical evidence is still limited and variation between countries is presumably high. The present paper analyses the role played by Finnish local governments in the integration process, with municipal governments being highly autonomous from a general European perspective. The paper delineates the basic features of local integration policy, i.e. who does what, and thereafter it assesses the integration plans of local governments and how they justify the current policy. A closer look at Finnish integration policy, however, suggests that state administration actually has a strong role and that most resources are being directed to integration courses administered by the labour administration of the state. What remains for the local governments is to foresee that their services are suitable for immigrants, too. There is an asymmetry between local governments, though, as immigrants mostly live in larger cities, and half of them in the capital city area. While local governments are obliged to assess their integration policies, such assessments mostly deal with outputs and the feedback of service users. In sum, only a weak local turn seems to be emerging in Finland.

Food Trucks Driving Gentrification in Austin, Texas

The text explores the implicit relationship between food practices and gentrification processes in a neoliberal city. Based on Bourdieu’s capital types, the text explores the ways in which one’s personal taste in food and urban space can lead to the transformation of whole neighbourhoods. In particular, it looks at the role food trucks played in the ways in which an East Austin neighbourhood gentrified from 2012-2020. The research finds that food trucks turn fallow lots into bustling urban spaces and places. Such convivial and vibrant urban settings attract the creative class and drive up property values. We argue that culinary practices, and food trucks in particular, are critical vehicles of the gentrification process.