Anthropology and the Critique of Metaphysics in the Early Herder

Author(s):  
Marion Heinz
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  

The chapter presents a synthetic account of the young Herder’s metaphysics and epistemology, based on several short pieces from the 1760s, with the intention of bringing into relief their strikingly systematic and coherent nature. The objective is to give the reader a greater sense of the philosophical depth of Herder’s anthropology. The first section examines God’s relationship to the world he creates. The second turns to the analogous relationship, based on interaction, between the soul and the body it builds for itself. And in the third, we bring this all together in order to understand how the embodied soul, through engagement with the world, obtains knowledge, and acquires its identity as a historical-cultural being.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Martin

Carnal hermeneutics claims that the body makes sense of the world by making distinctions and evaluating those distinctions in a non-predicative mode. This article makes the case that ludohermeneutics can be enriched by attending to the way in which the body makes sense of digital games and advances carnal hermeneutics as a way of theorising this process. The article introduces carnal hermeneutics, argues for its relevance to ludo-hermeneutics, and outlines three examples of how carnal hermeneutics can be used to theorise sense-making in digital games. The first example demonstrates the capacity for touch-screen games to put us in a new relationship with the image. The second example shows how generic control schemas can take on new meanings in different games. The third example shows how marketing of game controllers draws on conventional attitudes to touch to make digital game touch meaningful.


Author(s):  
Andrew Louth

This chapter on Eastern Orthodox ecclesiology consists of three parts. The first section discusses the fundamental theological understanding of the church as the Body of Christ, the Bride of the Lamb slain before the foundation of the world. The second section looks at the four notes of the church, which characterize the church as it exists in the world: unity, holiness, catholicity, and apostolicity. The third section, ‘The Church in the World’, is concerned with practical issues of ecclesiology: the relation of church and society, Eucharistic ecclesiology, and modern problems.


Projections ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Gallese

The naturalization of the aesthetic experience of film and art can benefit from the contribution of neuroscience because we can investigate empirically the concepts we use when referring to it and what they are made of at the level of description of the brain-body. The neuroscientific subpersonal level of description is necessary but not sufficient, unless it is coupled with a full appreciation of the tight relationship that the brain entertains with the body and the world. In this article, I will discuss aspects of Murray Smith’s proposal on the aesthetic experience of art and film as presented in his Film, Art, and the Third Culture against the background of a new model of perception and imagination: embodied simulation.


2019 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Izabella Malej

Birds of paradise of Alexander Blok and Viktor VasnetsovHeavenly creatures — Alkonost, Sirin and Gamajun — are mythological hybrids with the body of a bird and the head of a beautiful woman. Their origins come from the old Slavonic and Russian folklore. They are described as mythical beings that hypnotised people through singing. Russian artists, including the painter Viktor Vasnetsov and the poet-symbolist Alexander Blok, also succumbed to their charm. Blok, fascinated by Vasnetsov’s canvases Sirin and Alkonost. The Birds of Joy and Sorrow, 1896; Gamajun, the Prophetic Bird, 1895 created poetic versions of these in 1899. In the case of both artists, there is a reference to the semantics of these magical birds, known from the folklore. Alkonost means happiness and hopes, unlike Sirin, an inhabitant of the underground world. Therefore, alkonosts announce joy, while sirins, treating men with hostility, symbolize sadness, suffering and despair. The third bird connecting Blok and Vasnetsov is Gamajun — a bird, the messenger of the gods, their herald, who sings divine hymns to people and predicts the future of those who know how to listen and are open to mysteries. Special attention must be paid to colorful and linear symbolism, to which both creators refer to, as well as to mythical reminiscences Cosmic Tree. Both the painted and lyrical depictions of birds of paradise are an example of creation of a new, modernist myth, the roots of which go back to the oral culture and whose essence defines the philosophical question of the dualism of the world and man’s place in it.Райские птицы Александра Блока и Виктора ВаснецоваРайские существа — Алконост, Сирин и Гамаюн, являются мифологическим гибри- дом тела птицы и головы красивой девы. Истоки их образов восходят к древнеславянскому и русскому фольклору. Они описаны как мифологические существа, которые своим пением гипнотизируют людей. Их колдовству поддались также русские художники, среди которых были живописец Виктор Васнецов и поэт-символист Александр Блок. Блок, очарованный картинами Васнецова Сирин и Алконост. Песнь радости и печали, 1896; Гамаюн, птица вещая, 1895, создал их поэтические версии в 1899 г. В интерепретации райских суще- ствобоих художников прослеживается отсылка к магическим птицам, представленным в фольклоре. Алконост обозначает счастье и надежду, в противовес Сирин как жительницы подземного мира. Таким образом алконосты — вестники радости, зато сирины, враждебно направленные к человеку, символизируют печаль, страдание и отчаяние. Третья птица, со- единяющая Блока и Васнецова, — это Гамаюн, птица вещая, посланник богов, их герольд, услаждающая людей пением Божественных гимнов и предвещающая будущее для тех, кто умеет слушать и открыт для тайны. Особого внимания заслуживают цветовые и линейные символы, а также мифические реминисценции космическое дерево, к которыми оба творца прибегают. Живописные и лирические изображения райских птиц являются примером создания нового, модернистского мифа, корни которого лежат в устной культуре, зато суть помещается в философском вопросе о дуализм мира и место человека в нем.


Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Margaret Harper McCarthy

The article takes up the biblical category of “headship,” one of the “third rails” for Christians in a context dominated by the limited conceptions of equality, especially those assumed by “second wave” and “difference” feminism, viz., that of interchangeable sameness and unbridgeable difference. Headship is easily dismissed as an instance of (bad) cultural influence that spoiled Christianity’s egalitarian beginnings. Less radically, headship is simply avoided, or glossed over with apologetic caveats. Headship is an embarrassment, because it suggests not only exclusive differences—the “head” is not the “body”—but an order between them. Head and body are “subject to each other” in distinct and coordinated ways. In what follows, the author claims that headship is not only not an affront to equality, but its very condition between subjects who belong to each other in a generous relation of reciprocal and fruitful unity and distinction. Moreover, it is the expression of the novelty of Christianity, regarding first of all the nature of God in whom there is an original Head, and a “positive other,” without any hint of subordinationism (inequality). On the contrary, the Father is never absolute, but always already determined by the Son. This original headship then informs the Christian conception of the world, its positivity, even to the point that it can give something to God. Finally, it informs the this-worldly headships (Christ–Church and husband–wife). There, headship counters the status quo, by countering the “body’s” default immanentistic “certainty” about her exclusive life-giving power, enjoining her to acknowledge a transcendent source. It restores equality to the head. For the “head,” it counters the false absolutist image of God, while enjoining him to “radiate” something of which he is first “subject,” to “be involved with,” and determined by, the woman, as a positive other. It restores equality to the body. In sum, the article urges us to turn towards the deepest resources of Christianity, to find therein a more fruitful equality.


Author(s):  
O. Faroon ◽  
F. Al-Bagdadi ◽  
T. G. Snider ◽  
C. Titkemeyer

The lymphatic system is very important in the immunological activities of the body. Clinicians confirm the diagnosis of infectious diseases by palpating the involved cutaneous lymph node for changes in size, heat, and consistency. Clinical pathologists diagnose systemic diseases through biopsies of superficial lymph nodes. In many parts of the world the goat is considered as an important source of milk and meat products.The lymphatic system has been studied extensively. These studies lack precise information on the natural morphology of the lymph nodes and their vascular and cellular constituent. This is due to using improper technique for such studies. A few studies used the SEM, conducted by cutting the lymph node with a blade. The morphological data collected by this method are artificial and do not reflect the normal three dimensional surface of the examined area of the lymph node. SEM has been used to study the lymph vessels and lymph nodes of different animals. No information on the cutaneous lymph nodes of the goat has ever been collected using the scanning electron microscope.


Author(s):  
Pramukti Dian Setianingrum ◽  
Farah Irmania Tsani

Backgroud: The World Health Organization (WHO) explained that the number of Hyperemesis Gravidarum cases reached 12.5% of the total number of pregnancies in the world and the results of the Demographic Survey conducted in 2007, stated that 26% of women with live births experienced complications. The results of the observations conducted at the Midwife Supriyati Clinic found that pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum, with a comparison of 10 pregnant women who examined their contents there were about 4 pregnant women who complained of excessive nausea and vomiting. Objective: to determine the hyperemesis Gravidarum of pregnant mother in clinic. Methods: This study used Qualitative research methods by using a case study approach (Case Study.) Result: The description of excessive nausea of vomiting in women with Hipermemsis Gravidarum is continuous nausea and vomiting more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the body weight decreases and interferes with daily activities days The factors that influence the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum are Hormonal, Diet, Unwanted Pregnancy, and psychology, primigravida does not affect the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Conclusion: Mothers who experience Hyperemesis Gravidarum feel nausea vomiting continuously more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the weight decreases and interferes with daily activities, it is because there are several factors, namely, hormonal actors, diet, unwanted pregnancy, and psychology.


2006 ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Moiseev

The number of classical banks in the world has reduced. In the majority of countries the number of banks does not exceed 200. The uniqueness of the Russian banking sector is that in this respect it takes the third place in the world after the USA and Germany. The paper reviews the conclusions of the economic theory about the optimum structure of the banking market. The empirical analysis shows that the number of banks in a country is influenced by the size of its territory, population number and GDP per capita. Our econometric estimate is that the equilibrium number of banks in Russia should be in a range of 180-220 units.


2006 ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
L. Evstigneeva ◽  
R. Evstigneev

“The Third Way” concept is still widespread all over the world. Growing socio-economic uncertainty makes the authors revise the concept. In the course of discussion with other authors they introduce a synergetic vision of the problem. That means in the first place changing a linear approach to the economic research for a non-linear one.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Monika Szuba

The essay discusses selected poems from Thomas Hardy's vast body of poetry, focusing on representations of the self and the world. Employing Maurice Merleau-Ponty's concepts such as the body-subject, wild being, flesh, and reversibility, the essay offers an analysis of Hardy's poems in the light of phenomenological philosophy. It argues that far from demonstrating ‘cosmic indifference’, Hardy's poetry offers a sympathetic vision of interrelations governing the universe. The attunement with voices of the Earth foregrounded in the poems enables the self's entanglement in the flesh of the world, a chiasmatic intertwining of beings inserted between the leaves of the world. The relation of the self with the world is established through the act of perception, mainly visual and aural, when the body becomes intertwined with the world, thus resulting in a powerful welding. Such moments of vision are brief and elusive, which enhances a sense of transitoriness, and, yet, they are also timeless as the self becomes immersed in the experience. As time is a recurrent theme in Hardy's poetry, this essay discusses it in the context of dwelling, the provisionality of which is demonstrated in the prevalent sense of temporality, marked by seasons and birdsong, which underline the rhythms of the world.


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