Religion and Memory in Tacitus' Annals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly E. Shannon-Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Memory Theory ◽  
State Changes ◽  
New Form ◽  
Religious Material ◽  
Over Time

This study demonstrates the importance of references to religious material in Tacitus’ Annals by analyzing them using cultural memory theory. Throughout his narrative of Julio-Claudian Rome in the Annals, Tacitus includes numerous references to the gods, fate, fortune, astrology, omens, temples, priests, emperor cult, and other religious material. Tacitus, who was not only a historian but also a member of Rome’s quindecimviral priesthood, shows a marked interest in even the most detailed rituals of Roman religious life. Yet his portrayal of religious material also suggests that the system is under threat with the advent of the principate. Traditional rituals are forgotten as the shape of the Roman state changes. Simultaneously, a new form of cultic commemoration develops as deceased emperors are deified and the living emperor and his family members are treated in increasingly worshipful ways by his subjects. The study traces the deployment of religious material throughout Tacitus’ narrative, to show how Tacitus views the development of this cultic ‘amnesia’ over time, from the reign of the cryptic, autocratic, and oddly mystical Tiberius, through Claudius’ failed attempts at reviving tradition, to the final sacrilegious disasters of the impious Nero.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Kelly E. Shannon-Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Roman Religion ◽  
Memory Theory ◽  
Religious Ritual ◽  
The Past ◽  
Roman Historiography ◽  
Religious Material ◽  
Exact Repetition

The Introduction contextualizes the study in terms of existing scholarship on Tacitus, cultural memory theory, and the study of Roman religion. Roman paganism, with its emphasis on exact repetition of rituals as they have been performed for centuries, is particularly fruitful when analyzed using cultural memory theory as developed by scholars such as Jan Assmann, Maurice Halbwachs, and Pierre Nora: religious ritual is viewed as a key component in any society’s efforts to create a lived version of the past that helps define cultural identity in the present. Tacitus’ own background as a quindecimvir, one of the most important priestly colleges in the Roman state cult, as well as the conventions surrounding the treatment of religion in Roman historiography, are likely to have informed his interest in religious material.

Challenge and Conformity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Taylor-Guthartz
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Orthodox Jewish ◽  
Lived Religion ◽  
Jewish Women ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Religious Establishment ◽  
The Impact

Orthodox Jewish women are increasingly seeking new ways to express themselves religiously, and important changes have occurred in consequence in their self-definition and the part they play in the religious life of their communities. Drawing on surveys and interviews across different Orthodox groups in London, as well as on the author's own experience of active participation over many years, this is a study that analyses its findings in the context of related developments in Israel and the USA. Sympathetic attention is given to women's creativity and sophistication as they struggle to develop new modes of expression that will let their voices be heard; at the same time, the inevitable points of conflict with the male-dominated religious establishment are examined and explained. There is a focus, too, on the impact of innovations in ritual: these include not only the creation of women-only spaces and women's participation in public practices traditionally reserved for men, but also new personal practices often acquired on study visits to Israel which are replacing traditions learned from family members. The book is a study of how new norms of lived religion have emerged in London, influenced by both the rise of feminism and the backlash against it, and also by women's new understanding of their religious roles.

scholarly journals Knowledge representation for missing persons investigations

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 138-150
Author(s):  
Mark Taylor ◽  
Denis Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Situation Calculus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Missing Persons ◽  
State Changes ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Investigation Process ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Over Time

Purpose This paper aims to present the application of situation calculus for knowledge representation in missing persons investigations. Design/methodology/approach The development of a knowledge representation model for the missing persons investigation process based upon situation calculus, with a demonstration of the use of the model for a missing persons example case. Findings Situation calculus is valuable for knowledge representation for missing persons investigations, as such investigations have state changes over time, and due to the complexity of the differing investigation activities applicable to different situations, can be difficult to represent using simpler approaches such as tables or flowcharts. Research limitations/implications Situation calculus modelling for missing persons investigations adds formalism to the process beyond that which can be afforded by the current use of text, tables or flowcharts. The additional formalism is useful in dealing with the uncertainty present in such investigations. Practical implications The implications are a simplification of the application of the current police guidelines, and thoroughness in the application of such guidelines for missing persons investigations via situation calculus modelling. Social implications This paper supports the management of missing person investigations, by using the most critical variables in a missing persons investigation to determine relevant investigation and search activities applicable to the circumstances of a given case. Originality/value The novelty of the knowledge representation approach is the application of situation calculus via state and action vectors and a matrix of fluents to the process of missing persons investigations.

Allusions and Illusions

2019 ◽  
pp. 193-208
Author(s):  
Melissa Eppihimer
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Near East ◽  
Ancient Near East ◽  
Ur Iii ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

The visual legacy of Akkadian kingship in Mesopotamia was the product of a series of individual engagements with Akkadian images and memories that collectively suggest a shift over time from direct engagement with Akkadian models to mediated access to Akkadian models. Beyond consolidating the ideas presented in earlier chapters, chapter 6 opens up further lines of inquiry into the relationship between cultural memory and images in the ancient Near East. First, memories of the Akkadians in Hittite Anatolia raise the possibility of a visual legacy in Hittite art. Second, the Akkadian legacy is compared to the legacy of the Ur III kings. In the latter, a set of late Neo-Assyrian “basket-bearer” steles display interpictorial links to Ur III foundation figures.

Cultural Memory and the Anti-Western Utopias of Russian “Futurians”

Experiment ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-185
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Bobrinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Russian Futurism ◽  
Eastern Cultures ◽  
New Form ◽  
Russian Modernism ◽  
The One ◽  
Strategic Goal

Abstract The paper deals with anti-Western motifs in Russian avant-garde culture, especially their refraction in Russian futurism. On the one hand, the tendency is linked to a strategic goal—asserting independent versions of this or that new form of art and, on the other, it coincides with fundamental features of Russian modernism such as archaization, national self-identification and Eastern cultures.

scholarly journals Linear Bandits with Feature Feedback

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (04) ◽  
pp. 5331-5338
Author(s):  
Urvashi Oswal ◽  
Aniruddha Bhargava ◽  
Robert Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Real World ◽  
Time Horizon ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Bandit Problem ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
New Form ◽  
Feature Feedback ◽  
Over Time

This paper explores a new form of the linear bandit problem in which the algorithm receives the usual stochastic rewards as well as stochastic feedback about which features are relevant to the rewards, the latter feedback being the novel aspect. The focus of this paper is the development of new theory and algorithms for linear bandits with feature feedback which can achieve regret over time horizon T that scales like k√T, without prior knowledge of which features are relevant nor the number k of relevant features. In comparison, the regret of traditional linear bandits is d√T, where d is the total number of (relevant and irrelevant) features, so the improvement can be dramatic if k ≪ d. The computational complexity of the algorithm is proportional to k rather than d, making it much more suitable for real-world applications compared to traditional linear bandits. We demonstrate the performance of the algorithm with synthetic and real human-labeled data.

scholarly journals Popular Piety and Devotion to Parish Patrons in Poland and Spain, 1948–98

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Roszak ◽  
Sławomir Tykarski
Keyword(s):  
Religious Life ◽  
Second Vatican Council ◽  
Popular Piety ◽  
Vatican Council ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cultural Expressions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Written Sources

This paper will show the dynamics of change in the celebration of the parish patron’s day at the turn of several decades (before and after the Second Vatican Council) at a Marian shrine in Poland and the cult of Cross from Monjardin in Spain. It will refer to various forms of ritual which are manifestations of popular piety: cultural expressions, services, prayers and songs which form part of the veneration of Our Lady of Sorrows, Chełmno and the Cross in Villamayor de Monjardin. The article will also examine the different ways in which these feasts were celebrated during the period and the impact they had on the religious life of pilgrims. The study will be based on written sources: memories, diaries, newspaper clippings, and historical studies which are instrumental in demonstrating the transformation of how the parish patron’s day was celebrated over time.

scholarly journals ADVANCING THE MEASUREMENT OF INTERGENERATIONAL CONTACT: BEYOND ATTITUDES TOWARD AGING

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S626-S626
Author(s):  
Shelbie Turner ◽  
Karen Hooker ◽  
Shannon E Jarrott
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Intergenerational Relationships ◽  
Intergenerational Relationship ◽  
Comprehensive Theory ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Intergenerational Interactions ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In our presentation, we will offer insights into our process of creating and validating a comprehensive theory- and evidence- informed measure of intergenerational contact that expands beyond the measurement of age-related attitudes. While attitudinal shifts are an important construct related to intergenerational contact and its impact on ageism, efforts to “Reframe Aging” require a more nuanced understanding of the mechanisms by which intergenerational contact can have positive impacts on individuals, families, and communities. Intergenerational contact is dynamic; it varies both between- and within- people, dyads, and places, as well as over time. Our measure includes quantity and qualities of intergenerational contact, including the extent to which the contact is between family vs. non-family members. Unlike existing measures of intergenerational relationship, ours reflects young persons’ and older adults’ intergenerational relationships. A psychometrically valid instrument of intergenerational contact is an essential first-step for determining how aging can be reframed through intergenerational interactions.

Family Members' Experiences with Viewing in the Wake of Sudden Death

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Harrington ◽  
Bethany Sprowl
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Professional Interactions

Sudden deaths leave families in crisis and interacting with many professionals from notification through to burial. Whether to view the deceased is often central to discussion. Practice guidelines have evolved over time regarding where, when, how, and why viewing should or should not occur. Unfortunately, there is much contradiction in existing recommendations and a marked absence of a supporting evidence base for the practice of viewing itself, and the influence of this practice on the overall bereavement process. Using a qualitative approach, this study explored the perspectives and experiences of the suddenly bereaved with respect to: viewing or not having viewed; whether or not their viewing experiences have impacted on their bereavement process; and explored particular aspects of their experience such as interactions with various professionals. Results of this study are clustered and presented under three core themes: viewing specifics; intrapersonal responses; and professional interactions.

scholarly journals Parasitic Architecture - Embodiment of Dystopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Marina Pomigalova
Keyword(s):  
Active Participation ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
New Form ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Over Time

<p>This thesis advocates for unconventional solutions in architecture, arguing that traditional approaches may no longer be successful within contemporary realities. Through searching for answers and inspiration within precedents and fictional realms, this thesis opens a door to a hypothetical place where architecture takes new form - to the territory existing between abstract and physical, where speculative ideas become a way of understanding negotiation between present and future in search of new architectural solutions. The thesis advocates for the importance of the speculative method in architecture, as such an approach allows one to imagine fictional possibilities in order to create more responsive structures, which are always modern.  Through analysis of parasitic behaviours, this thesis speculates on how architecture will respond to environmental and social changes, and what types of structures can evolve and adapt over time. Through experimentation and speculation, the thesis examines parasitic behaviors as a way for organisms to evolve, in order to test if such strategies could be successfully used in architecture. Speculating on conditions in which people are forced to find living alternatives, the thesis proposes new ways for contemporary design to evolve through active participation of habitants in the ongoing developments and expansion of the buildable space around.</p>

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