The Personal and Professional Impact of Patients’ Complaints on Doctors—A Qualitative Approach

Background: Complaints regarding medical practice represent a harsh reality of the current world. Patients have the right to receive explanations and compensation when they are injured during the medical act, but the increased potential for exposure to complaints determines personal and professional consequences for the doctors, with significant impact on their health and practice. Thus, the aim of our research was to analyze in depth the impact of complaints on the doctors involved. Materials and methods: The authors conducted a qualitative study, using a semi-structured interview, addressed to doctors who had complaints from patients. The participants in our research were identified using an adapted version of the snowball method. Results: After the analysis of the interviews using the inductive method, nine themes resulted, seven of which are addressed in this paper: injustice, personal impact, professional impact, difficulties, supportive factors, the attitude of the hospital management and the attitude of colleagues. At the personal level, the doctors were overwhelmed by insomnia, nightmares, stress and anxiety, and at the professional level by doubts about medical decisions, fear, anxiety and the tendency to avoid patients with severe diseases. Conclusions: The study revealed that physicians who had complaints from patients are deeply affected by the complaint itself and the associated investigation procedure, even if, to a lesser extent, some of the participants found motivation for a better management of the situation. The study also showed the need for changes in the legal and medical systems in order to create mechanisms to support the doctors during the investigation process.

The economic impact of audit failures

This paper examines the economic consequences associated with an audit failure in the field of statutory auditing services, by analyzing changes in the audit firm’s market share around the time of the investigation process undertaken by the Spanish Public Oversight Board. We explore the variations in audit market share by applying the difference in differences method to a treatment group of 70 sanctioned audit firms and a matched control group of 70 non-sanctioned audit firms. The period of analysis covers the years from 1999 to 2015. Our results show that the sanctioned audit firms suffered a significant decrease in their relative number of clients. Moreover, this measure of market share decreased not only after the publication of the sanction disclosure (which may be attributed to reputational losses) but also after the initiation of the investigation (which may be attributed to the firm’s reluctance to audit risky clients). Findings are similar for both small and large firms when the market share is measured in terms of clients, whereas the evidence is weak concerning variations in their turnover-based market share. Our conclusions could be of interest for audit firms and also for audit regulators when designing disciplinary systems. Este trabajo examina las consecuencias económicas asociadas a un fallo de auditoría en el ámbito de los servicios de auditoría legal, analizando los cambios en la cuota de mercado de la firma de auditoría en torno al momento del proceso de investigación emprendido por el Consejo de Supervisión Pública español. Exploramos las variaciones en la cuota de mercado de la auditoría aplicando el método de diferencia en diferencias a un grupo de tratamiento de 70 firmas de auditoría sancionadas y a un grupo de control emparejado de 70 firmas de auditoría no sancionadas. El periodo de análisis abarca los años comprendidos entre 1999 y 2015. Nuestros resultados muestran que las firmas de auditoría sancionadas sufrieron un descenso significativo en su número relativo de clientes. Además, esta medida de la cuota de mercado disminuyó no sólo después de la publicación de la comunicación de la sanción (lo que puede atribuirse a las pérdidas de reputación), sino también después del inicio de la investigación (lo que puede atribuirse a la reticencia de la empresa a auditar clientes de riesgo). Los resultados son similares tanto para las pequeñas como para las grandes empresas cuando la cuota de mercado se mide en términos de clientes, mientras que la evidencia es débil en lo que respecta a las variaciones de su cuota de mercado basada en el volumen de negocio. Nuestras conclusiones podrían ser de interés para las firmas de auditoría y también para los reguladores de la auditoría a la hora de diseñar sistemas disciplinarios.

Cross-Layer Learning

Deep learning-based investigation mechanisms are available for conventional forensics, but not for IoT forensics. Dividing the system into different layers according to their functionalities, collecting data from each layer, finding the correlating factor, and using it for pattern detection is the fundamental concept behind the proposed intelligent system. The authors utilize this notion for embedding intelligence in forensics and speed up the investigation process by providing hints to the examiner. They propose a novel cross-layer learning architecture (CCLA) for IoT forensics. To the best of their knowledge, this is the first attempt to incorporate deep learning into the forensics of the IoT ecosystem.

POLICE APPARATUS ROLE IN DETERMINING THE PERPETRATORS’ RESPONSIBILITY FOR DESTRUCTION OF GOODS CONDUCTED BY COMMUNITY (IN CASE OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN KAUR)

On Sunday of August 2nd, 2015 in Tanjung Harapan highway, Semidang Gumay District of Kaur Regency there has been a vigilantism (Eigenrichting) in the form of destruction and burning of one (1) unit of car that carried out jointly by the community, but until the study was conducted, there has been no follow-up for perpetrators of the destruction and burning of the car, so it raises the question whether the actions taken by community in Tanjung Harapan Village cannot be prosecuted. The purpose of this study was to determine how the role of Police Apparatus in determining the responsibility of perpetrators for destruction and burning of the car. The results showed that the role of Police in determining the responsibility of perpetrators for destruction of goods conducted by community was as the investigators in that case, and must make a report of criminal acts as referred to Article 6 Paragraph (1) and Paragraph (2) of Head of the Indonesian Police (PERKAP) Number 12 of 2009, then these reports provide a basis for investigation in accordance with the provisions laid down in the Criminal Code. Police as investigators may use Article 406 Paragraph (1) and Article 170 of the Criminal Code as a chapter of suspicion in the investigation process against the destruction of goods conducted jointly by the members of the community in Tanjung Harapan Village of Kaur Regency.

Web Application based Image Geolocation Analysis to Detect Human Trafficking

Migrant smuggling is a dangerous phenomenon threatening international peace and security. This global concern for many countries is mainly due to the high use of multimedia devices and social media. There are great demands to specify an in depth gathering of information about a suspect’s mobile device while investigating cases of human trafficking and migrant smuggling. The primary purpose of this study is to help resolve the human trafficking problem that currently faces Sudan. In this paper we cover the steps used to geolocate images captured from suspects and victims’ mobile devices cameras. The obtained images are then analyzed using our specialized developed web application. This latter is built using open-source tools such as the Laravel framework and a Google Maps API which is considered as the main component of the web application. The results of the developed web application on a real case in Sudan has proven its usefulness in easing and speeding up the digital investigation process.

A Meta Nove do Plano Municipal de Educação na Rede Municipal de Porto Alegre

Este artigo apresenta um recorte da análise da política de educação da Rede Municipal de Porto Alegre, no período de 2017 a 2019, considerando o cumprimento da meta nove do Plano Municipal de Educação, que visa a universalizar a alfabetização da população com quinze anos ou mais e reduzir a taxa de analfabetismo funcional. A metodologia de análise utilizada foi a abordagem do ciclo de políticas de Ball e Bowe, sendo identificados os principais grupos de interesse e sua atuação nos diferentes contextos da trajetória da política. No processo de investigação, foram utilizados dados quantitativos, como as estatísticas de órgãos oficiais, para precisar índices de matrículas e da demanda da EJA para alfabetização, anos iniciais e finais do Ensino Fundamental. A metodologia da pesquisa também agregou dados qualitativos, baseados em entrevistas e documentos legais.Palavras-chave: Plano Municipal de Educação; Educação de Jovens e Adultos; Políticas Públicas de Educação em Porto Alegre.The Nine Goal of the Municipal Education Plan in the Municipal Network of Porto AlegreABSTRACTThis article presents an excerpt from the analysis of the education policy of the Municipal Network of Porto Alegre, from 2017 to 2019, considering the fulfillment of goal nine of the Municipal Education Plan, which aims to universalize the literacy of the population aged fifteen years or more and reduce the rate of functional illiteracy. The analysis methodology used was Ball and Bowe's policy cycle approach, identifying the main interest groups and their performance in the different contexts of the policy trajectory. In the investigation process, quantitative data such as statistics from official bodies were used to specify enrollment rates and EJA demand for literacy, initial and final years of elementary school. The research methodology also added qualitative data based on interviews and legal documents.Keywords: Municipal Education Plan; Youth and Adult Education; Public education policies in Porto Alegre.La Meta Nueve del Plan Municipal de Educación en la Red Municipal de Porto AlegreRESUMENEste artículo presenta un recorte del análisis de la política de educación de la Red Municipal de Porto Alegre, en el período de 2017 a 2019, considerando el cumplimiento de la meta nueve del Plan Municipal de Educación, que tiene por objetivo universalizar la alfabetización de la población con quince años o más y reducir la tasa de analfabetismo funcional. La metodología de análisis utilizada fue el abordaje del ciclo de políticas de Ball y Bowe, siendo identificados los principales grupos de interés y su actuación en los diferentes contextos de la trayectoria de la política. En el proceso de investigación fueron utilizados dados cuantitativos como las estadísticas de órganos oficiales para especificar índices de matrículas y de la demanda de la EJA para alfabetización, anos iniciales y finales de la Enseñanza Fundamental. La metodología de la pesquisa también agregó dados cualitativos basados en entrevistas y documentos legales. Palabras clave: Plan Municipal de Educación; Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos; Políticas públicas de educación en Porto Alegre.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK SEBAGAI KORBAN KEKERASAN SEKSUAL

Perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada setiap subjek hukum menjadi salah satu hak yang diberikan kepada setiap orang dan hak tersebut dilindungi oleh hukum, hak yang melekat pada setiap manusia harus mendapat perlindungan hukum. Perlindungan hukum juga dijadikan sebagai sarana untuk melindungi hah-hak subjek hukum. Perlindungan hukum disini tentu saja perlindungan hukum terhadap masyarakat, teori ini merupakan teori penting dalam fokus kajiannya terutama sasarannya pada masyarakat yang berada pada posisi lemah. Dalam memberikan perlindungan dilakukan oleh para penegak hukum, dalam hal ini pihak kepolisian pada proses penyidikan memberikan perlindungan terhadap korban, memberikan hak-hak korban. Legal protection given to every subject is one of the rights given to everyone and these rights are protected by law. The rights inherent in every human being must receive legal protection. Legal protection is also used as a means to protect the rights of legal subjects. Legal protection here is of course legal protection for the community. This theory is an important theory in the focus of this study, especially its target on people who are in a weak position. In providing protection, it is carried out by law enforcers, in this case the police in the investigation process to provide protection to victims and to provide victims' rights.

KEWENANGAN PENYIDIKAN OLEH LEMBAGA OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PERBANKAN BELUM OPTIMAL

Kewenangan yang dimiliki oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) dalam melakukan penyidikan tindak pidana di sektor keuangan berdasar pada Peraturan OJK Nomor 22/POJK.01/2015. OJK berdasar pada Pasal 1 angka 1 UU tentang Otoritas Jasa Keuangan merupakan lembaga independen, bebas dari campur tangan pihak lain, yang memiliki fungsi, tugas, dan wewenang pengaturan, pengawasan, pemeriksaan, dan penyidikan dimaksudkan disini adalah permasalahan dalam menangani kasus tindak pidana di bidang jasa keuangan yang dilakukan OJK. Penelitian tersebut bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengkaji proses penyidikan dalam OJK melaksanakan tugasnya dalam menangani kasus tindak pidana perbankan, serta memahami dan mengetahui beberapa faktor penghambat PPNS (Penyidik Pegawai Negeri Sipil) OJK menjalankan wewenangnya. Metode penelitian kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan suatu metode penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif atau menggambarkan hasil penelitian secara utuh dan mendalam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kewenangan penyidik OJK belum berjalan sebagaimana yang ditentukan oleh UU RI Nomor 21 Tahun 2011 tentang OJK dan POJK Nomor 22/POJK.01/2015. Hal tersebut dikarenakan adanya beberapa faktor penghamabat, seperti kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat akan eksistensi OJK dan tugasnya sebagai penyidik tindak pidana di bidang jasa keuangan, serta sumber daya manusia (SDM) yang dimaksud disini adalah jumlah PPNS OJK yang terbatas dan sarana prasarana yang kurang mengoptimalkan pelaksanaan penyidikan tindak pidana perbankan oleh OJK. The Authority owned by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) in investigating criminal acts in the financial sector is based on OJK Regulation Number 22/POJK.01/2015. OJK based on Article 1 number 1 of the Law on Financial Services Authority is an independent institution, free from interference from other parties, which has the functions, duties, and authorities of regulation, supervision, examination, and investigation intended to handle criminal cases in the field of financial services conducted by OJK. The research aims to analyze and review the investigation process in OJK when carrying out its duties in handling banking criminal cases, as well as to understand and know some of the factors inhibiting PPNS (Civil Servant Investigators) of OJK from exercising their authority. Qualitative research method is used in this study to describe the results of the research in its entirety and in depth. The results of this study show that the authority of OJK investigators has not been running as determined by Law No. 21 of 2011 concerning OJK and POJK Number 22/POJK.01/2015. This is due to several mitigating factors, such as the lack of public knowledge of the existence of OJK and its duties as a criminal investigator in the field of financial services, as well as human resources (HR) referred to here is a limited number of OJK PPNS and infrastructure facilities that do not optimize the implementation of banking criminal investigations by the OJK.

THE ESTABLISHMENT OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION PROTECTION COMMUNITY (GIPC) AS A LEGAL PROTECTION MSME’S PRODUCTS

A geographical indication is a part of intellectual property rights (IPR), which plays an important role in international trade as a magnet for consumers for MSMEs' products. However, the geographical indication is still underestimated by MSME players; and therefore, this issue requires further attention and analysis as the efforts to study the essence and urgency of the Geographical Indication Protection Community (GIPC) in supporting the realization of legal protection in regencies and cities throughout Indonesia. To support the investigation process, a case-based approach is required with primary and secondary research material sources through literature studies that correlate with business actors, rule of law and government. This study is doctrinal or normative research with qualitative data analysis. Efforts to establish Geographical Indication Protection Community (GIPC) are significant in assisting local MSME players to register legal protection through geographical indications and bridge local MSME players, local government, and stakeholders in sharing resources or information that can increase product competitiveness in regencies and cities in Indonesia on both national and international market scales.