Substance Use Disorders and Intentional Injury

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Janet Kuramoto-Crawford ◽  
Holly C. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Intentional Injuries ◽  
Drug Use Disorders ◽  
The Relationship

Intentional injuries affect millions of lives worldwide. The authors provide an overview of the epidemiological and preventive evidence on the relationship between substance use disorders (SUD) and intentional injuries. Emphasis is placed on suicide and intimate partner violence, as each area has received substantial research attention in relation to SUD. There is robust epidemiological evidence on the relationship between SUD, notably with alcohol use disorders, and most intentional injuries. Research has focused on the identification of factors that distinguish individuals with alcohol use disorders who are at particularly high risk for intentional injuries. Characterization of those with other drug use disorders who are at risk for engaging in intentional injuries and the role of SUD in intentional injuries has been less extensively investigated. The authors conclude with a discussion of public health approaches to the prevention of intentional injuries among individuals with SUD.

scholarly journals The influence of the comorbidity between depression and alcohol use disorder on suicidal behaviors in the São Paulo Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Mendonça Coêlho ◽  
Laura Helena Andrade ◽  
Francisco Bevilacqua Guarniero ◽  
Yuan-Pang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
And Gender

OBJECTIVE: To investigate in a community sample the association of suicide-related cognitions and behaviors ("thoughts of death", "desire for death", "suicidal thoughts", and "suicidal attempts") with the comorbidity of depressive disorders (major depressive episode or dysthymia) and alcohol or substance use disorders. METHOD: The sample was 1464 subjects interviewed in their homes using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview to generate DSM-III-R diagnosis. Descriptive statistics depicted the prevalence of suicide-related cognitions and behaviors by socio-demographic variables and diagnoses considered (major depressive episode, dysthymia, alcohol or substance use disorders). We performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to estimate the effect of comorbid major depressive episode/dysthymia and alcohol or substance use disorders on each of the suicide-related cognitions and behaviors. RESULTS: The presence of major depressive episode and dysthymia was significantly associated with suicide-related cognitions and behaviors. In the regression models, suicide-related cognitions and behaviors were predicted by major depressive episode (OR = range 2.3-9.2) and dysthymia (OR = range 5.1-32.6), even in the presence of alcohol use disorders (OR = range 2.3-4.0) or alcohol or substance use disorders (OR = range 2.7-2.8). The interaction effect was observed between major depressive episode and alcohol use disorders, as well as between dysthymia and gender. Substance use disorders were excluded from most of the models. CONCLUSION: Presence of major depressive episode and dysthymia influences suicide-related cognitions and behaviors, independently of the presence of alcohol or substance use disorders. However, alcohol use disorders and gender interact with depressive disorders, displaying a differential effect on suicide-related cognitions and behaviors.

The misuse of alcohol and drugs

2012 ◽  
pp. 441-484
Author(s):  
Philip Cowen ◽  
Paul Harrison ◽  
Tom Burns
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Psychoactive Drug ◽  
Psychoactive Drugs ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

The phrases substance use disorder (DSM-IV) or disorders due to psychoactive drug use (ICD-10) are used to refer to conditions arising from the misuse of alcohol, psychoactive drugs, or other chemicals such as volatile substances. In this chapter, problems related to alcohol will be discussed first under the general heading of alcohol use disorders. Problems related to drugs and other chemicals will then be discussed under the general heading of other substance use disorders.

The Influence of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence Among Black Men: The Moderating Role of Alcohol Use

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110279
Author(s):  
Kerry A. Lee ◽  
Charlotte Lyn Bright ◽  
Paul Sacco ◽  
Melissa E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Ipv Perpetration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

This study examined the moderating role of alcohol use on the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration among Black men in the United States. We conducted bivariate and logistic regression analyses using data from Wave 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). Bivariate results revealed significant relationships between eight of the 10 ACE factors physical neglect; emotional, physical and sexual abuse; witnessing a mother being abused; and having a parent guardian with an alcohol and drug problem and who was incarcerated and IPV perpetration. Similarly, examination of the relationship between ACEs and alcohol use in adulthood also revealed significant associations, with the exception of exposure to emotional neglect, emotional and sexual abuse, and witnessing a mother being abused. Findings from the logistic regression models revealed that alcohol use significantly moderated the relationship between ACEs and IPV perpetration, but only for men exposed to 1, 2, and ≥4 adversities in childhood. However, alcohol use appeared to exacerbate the relationship between ACEs and IPV perpetration for men without childhood adversity. Implications for practice, policy, and areas for further research are discussed.

Current Approved Pharmacotherapies for Substance Use Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis S. Hammond ◽  
Eric C. Strain
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Food And Drug Administration ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Investigational Drugs ◽  
The Us

About 3%–6% of the US population (an estimated 17 million people) were diagnosed with a substance use disorder (SUD) in 2014. This significant problem requires continued development of appropriate and effective therapies. Current treatments often include a combination of both pharmacologic and psychosocial modalities, tailored to an individual’s needs. This chapter provides a general overview of the pharmacotherapies that are currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for particular SUD indications. Those SUDs for which there are approved treatments include opioids, nicotine, and alcohol use disorders. Promising non-approved or investigational drugs are also briefly reviewed.

Substance use disorders in older people

2012 ◽  
pp. 1540-1546
Author(s):  
Henry O’Connell ◽  
Brian Lawlor
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Older People ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Illegal Drugs

This chapter is divided into three main sections, focussing respectively on alcohol use disorders (AUDs), medication use disorders (MUDs), and use of illegal substances and nicotine, in older people. In each section we focus in detail on definitions and diagnosis, epidemiology, aetiology, clinical features, investigations, screening, management, and prognosis. More is known about AUDs in older people, hence this section is the longest, but MUDs in older people is also a significant problem and abuse of illegal drugs may become increasingly important in future years.

scholarly journals Burden of Mental, Neurological, Substance Use Disorders and Self-Harm in North America: A Comparative Epidemiology of Canada, Mexico, and the United States

2019 ◽  
pp. 070674371989016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Vigo ◽  
Laura Jones ◽  
Graham Thornicroft ◽  
Rifat Atun
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
The United States ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Distinct Pattern ◽  
Drug Use Disorders ◽  
Self Harm

Objective: To estimate the burden of mental, neurological, substance use disorders and self-harm (MNSS) in Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Method: We extracted 2017 data from the Global Burden of Disease online database. Based on a previously developed framework to classify and aggregate the burden of specific disorders and symptoms, we reestimated the MNSS burden to include suicide, alcohol use, drug use, specific neurological, and painful somatic symptom disorders. We analyzed age–sex-specific patterns within and between countries. Results: The MNSS burden is the largest of all disorder groupings. It is lowest in Mexico, intermediate in Canada, and highest in the United States. Exceptions are alcohol use, bipolar, conduct disorders, and epilepsy, which are highest in Mexico; and painful somatic syndromes and headaches, which are highest in Canada. The burden of drug use disorders in the United States is twice the burden in Canada, and 7 times the burden in Mexico. MNSS become the most burdensome of all disorder groups by age 10, staying at the top until age 60, and show a distinct pattern across the lifetime. The top three MNSS disorders for men are a combination of substance use disorders and self-harm (United States), with the addition of painful somatic syndromes (Canada), and headaches (Mexico). For women, the top three are headaches and depression (all countries), drug use (United States), neurocognitive disorders (Mexico), and painful somatic syndromes (Canada). Conclusion: MNSS are the most burdensome disease grouping and should be prioritized for funding in Canada, Mexico, and the United States.

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