Short Life of Peach Trees as Related to Tree Physiology, Environment, Pathogens, and Cultural Practices

AbstractA review of orchard soil management effects on tree growth and soil parameters is presented. It shows the gap between present common practices and results achievable in other systems. An alternative soil management system for newly planted peach trees, termed “killed-sod”, is described. This system has improved soil structure and rainfall infiltration and greatly increased early tree growth and yield. A fertilization study has demonstrated that the addition of a complete fertilizer in four different soil management systems could not account for the increased growth resulting from the improved soil environment in the killed-sod system.

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CARBOHYDRATE LEVELS, PEROXIDASE ACTIVITY AND VASCULAR CONNECTION IN TISSUES OF PEACH TREES (PRUNUS PERSICA L. BATSCH) CV. JUBILEU WITH PEACH TREE SHORT LIFE (PTSL) SYMPTOMS DURING THE DORMANCY PERIOD

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2008.774.54 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 397-402

Author(s):

A.C. Marafon ◽

M.A. Bacarin ◽

F.G. Herter ◽

A.C. Rodrigus

Keyword(s):

Peroxidase Activity ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Peach Tree ◽

Short Life ◽

Vascular Connection ◽

Dormancy Period ◽

Carbohydrate Levels ◽

Peach Trees

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Soil Solarization and Biological Control for Managing Mesocriconema xenoplax and Short Life in a Newly Established Peach Orchard

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-05-11-0373-re ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 96 (9) ◽

pp. 1309-1314 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. P. Nyczepir ◽

D. A. Kluepfel ◽

V. Waldrop ◽

W. P. Wechter

Keyword(s):

Chemical Control ◽

Soil Fumigation ◽

Soil Solarization ◽

Peach Tree ◽

Short Life ◽

Pseudomonas Spp ◽

Tree Survival ◽

History Of ◽

Peach Trees ◽

Peach Orchard

The effects of soil solarization, with and without a Pseudomonas spp. cocktail or wheat rotation as alternatives to chemical control of Mesocriconema xenoplax, were investigated from 2004 to 2011. Preplant solarization and soil fumigation (67% methyl bromide + 33% chloropicrin mixture; henceforth, referred to as MBr) was initiated in 2004 in an orchard infested with M. xenoplax and a history of peach tree short life (PTSL). Plots consisted of nine treatments: (i) nonsolarized soil-alone, (ii) nonsolarized soil with bacteria cocktail (nonsolar-bacteria), (iii) nonsolarized soil with wheat (nonsolar-wheat), (iv) nonsolarized soil with bacteria cocktail and wheat (nonsolar-bacteria-wheat), (v) solarized soil-alone, (vi) solarized soil with bacteria cocktail solar-bacteria), (vii) solarized soil with wheat (solar-wheat), (viii) solarized soil with bacteria cocktail and wheat (solar-bacteria-wheat), and (ix) preplant MBr fumigation. Peach trees were planted into all plots in 2005. Nematode populations were suppressed 20 months longer after orchard establishment in solar-alone and solar-wheat plots than solar-bacteria and solar-bacteria-wheat plots. Pseudomonas spp. cocktails did not have a pronounced effect in suppressing M. xenoplax in this study. Fumigation effect on M. xenoplax population density dissipated 24 months after application. Solar-wheat-treated soil was as effective as preplant MBr fumigation in increasing tree survival from PTSL for at least 6 years after orchard establishment.

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Effect of Winter Root-zone Temperature on Root Regeneration of Peach Rootstocks

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.39.7.1607 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (7) ◽

pp. 1607-1610

Author(s):

W.R. Okie ◽

A.P. Nyczepir

Keyword(s):

Root Zone ◽

Peach Tree ◽

Short Life ◽

Root Zone Temperature ◽

Root Regeneration ◽

Soil Temperatures ◽

Nursery Trees ◽

Peach Trees ◽

Peach Rootstocks ◽

Zone Temperature

Roots of dormant peach trees can grow when soil temperatures are >7 °C, which commonly occurs in the southeastern U.S. during the winter. In our tests, root growth on 1-year-old nursery trees was minimal at 7 °C, and increased with temperature up to at least 16 °C, but rootstocks varied greatly in their regeneration at a given temperature. Trees on seedling rootstocks of `Guardian™', `Halford' and `Lovell' regenerated roots more slowly than those on `Nemaguard' at soil temperatures >7 °C. The regeneration rates mirrored the relative susceptibility of these rootstocks to peach tree short life syndrome in the southeastern U.S., which is associated with parasitism by ring nematode.

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C/N RATIO AND NUTRIENT CONTENT IN PEACH BARK RELATED TO PEACH TREE SHORT LIFE

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452016656 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

Author(s):

NEWTON ALEX MAYER ◽

BERNARDO UENO ◽

VALÉCIA ADRIANA LUCAS DA SILVA ◽

RICARDO ALEXANDRE VALGAS ◽

CRISTINA MOREIRA DA SILVEIRA

Keyword(s):

Rio Grande ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Component Analysis ◽

Peach Tree ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Short Life ◽

Live Tissue ◽

Main Component Analysis ◽

Main Component ◽

Peach Trees

ABSTRACT Peach Tree Short Life (PTSL) is a syndrome characterized by a plant collapse at the end of dormancy, which causes include several biotic and abiotic components. The aim of this study was to assess the C/N ratio and bark nutrients in symptomatic and asymptomatic short-life peach trees. Live tissue portions were removed from the bark of the main scaffolds of symptomatic and asymptomatic adjacent trees in nine commercial peach orchards located in Pelotas and Canguçu, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In laboratory, carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium(Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), boron (B) contents and C/N ratio were determined. The main component analysis of the study variables did not allow the formation of different groups between symptomatic and asymptomatic short-life peach trees. Peach trees with visible PTSL symptoms had higher N, P and K contents and lower C/N ratio in the bark of the main scaffolds in the early sprouting season.

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Calonectria kyotensis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria ◽

10.1079/dfb/20056400421 ◽

1974 ◽

Author(s):

A. Peerally

Keyword(s):

Geographical Distribution ◽

Root Rot ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Short Life ◽

Single Node ◽

Complete Control ◽

Acacia Dealbata ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Dianthus Barbatus ◽

Peach Trees

Abstract A description is provided for Calonectria kyotensis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Acacia dealbata, Camellia sinensis, Dianthus barbatus, Pinus sp., Prunus persica, Rhododendron (Azalea) and Syringa vulgaris. DISEASE: Causes a root rot of peach trees and in inoculation tests was found to cause wilting, root rot and death of peach seedlings (46, 2468). Severe losses to cuttings and liners of azaleas, lilac and Sweet William reported (47, 3461). Associated with Cylindrocladium scoparium with 'short life' of peach trees (51, 1648), C. floridanum being usually more virulent. Causes death of single-node tea cuttings in Mauritius (52, 1249) and associated with decline of tea bushes (Peerally, 1972). Soil drenches with benomyl give complete control of the pathogen (47, 3461). Soil drenches with benomyl and dithane M-45, and manuring with artificial fertilizers followed by earthing up, have given satisfactory control of root rot of tea bushes in Mauritius. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: England, Germany, Japan, Mauritius and USA. TRANSMISSION: The pathogen is soil-inhabiting, rarely attacking aerial parts of plants.

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