scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi in California and Characterization of Epidemiological Factors for Olive Knot Development

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 1718-1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Nguyen ◽  
H. Förster ◽  
J. E. Adaskaveg
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Repetitive Element ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Epidemiological Factors ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Element Sequence

Olive knot, caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi, is a limiting disease in the production of table and oil olives in California. The genetic variability among 152 strains from major production areas of California was determined using BOX, ERIC, and REP primers in repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction. Overall genetic variability was low, and strains shared at least 82% similarity. Phenetic analyses identified several genotypes but most strains belonged to one of two major groups. Three copper-resistant strains had two fingerprints that were distinct from any of the sensitive strains, indicating that they may have been introduced from other production areas or hosts. In inoculations, two copper-resistant strains were mostly equally as virulent as two copper-sensitive strains. Inoculum was exuded at high levels (>108 CFU/g of knot tissue) within 10 min from hydrated olive knots, and concentrations were 2- to 3-log higher than the minimum needed to induce knot formation. Arbequina olive was significantly more susceptible to infection and developed a higher incidence of knots on leaf scar and lateral wounds (59.7 to 80.6% incidence) than Manzanillo (47.4 to 68.2% incidence). In wound-healing studies, both types of wounds were less susceptible to infection ≥10 days after injury, indicating a critical period for infection and application of bactericides during favorable environments.

Repetitive element sequence based polymerase chain reaction for typing of Brucella strains

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tcherneva ◽  
N. Rijpens ◽  
C. Naydensky ◽  
L. Herman
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Repetitive Element ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Element Sequence

scholarly journals Munchausen syndrome mimicking refractory subcutaneous abscess with bacteremia, diagnosed by repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Iwanaga ◽  
Kazuko Yamamoto ◽  
Takahiro Takazono ◽  
Tomomi Saijo ◽  
Yoshifumi Imamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Repetitive Element ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Munchausen Syndrome ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Element Sequence

Abstract Background Rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment of Munchausen syndrome is important not only for the patient but also for health care workers because a delay in diagnosis can worsen patients’ clinical outcomes, and result in a substantial medical cost. Case presentation A young and previously healthy 24-year-old Japanese woman, a nurse, presented with complaints of refractory abscess on her left upper limb for 3 months. A physical examination on admission revealed low-grade fever and a subcutaneous abscess in her left forearm. Laboratory data suggested mild systemic inflammation and liver dysfunction, but no abnormalities of the immune system, including changes in the number of lymphocytes and neutrophils, neutrophil phagocytic capacity, and natural killer (NK) cell activity, were observed. A human immunodeficiency virus test was also negative. Multiple modalities, including positron emission tomography-computed tomography, failed to detect any cause and focus of infection except her left upper limb. Streptococcus mitis and Prevotella buccae were detected from the wound, but no microorganisms were detected in a blood culture. The cellulitis promptly resolved; however, exacerbation of the subcutaneous abscess with polymicrobial bacteremia repeatedly occurred unexpectedly. Because of this puzzling clinical course, the possibility of self-injury was finally suspected. Three syringes with needles, with a turbid liquid, were found in our patient’s bag. Enterobacter cloacae and Enterococcus faecalis were detected in the liquid, and an analysis via repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction determined that Enterococcus faecalis in the wound and syringe contents were genetically identical. She was diagnosed as having Munchausen syndrome and treated with the collaboration of a psychiatrist. She finally confessed that she had injected her own saliva and toilet water into the drip line and wound. Conclusions This case report is valuable in that it is the first case in which this syndrome was diagnosed by a genetic method. Munchausen syndrome should not be neglected as a possible cause of refractory and recurrent infection.

scholarly journals Clinical Usefulness of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase-Producing K. Pneumoniae Genotyping: The Experience of a Single-Center Epidemic

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Marianna Rossi ◽  
Liliane Chatenoud ◽  
Egidio Franco Viganò ◽  
Anna Maria Peri ◽  
Laura Alagna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Repetitive Element ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Confounding Effect ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase ◽  
Outbreak Period ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Element Sequence

Background: During the last decade, the spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae-carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) has increased dramatically worldwide. In this scenario, growing interest has been addressed to genotyping of KPC-Kp strains, which emerged as an important tool for a better understanding of the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the outbreaks.Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study on patients infected with KPC-Kp during a 28-month outbreak period (January 2010–April 2012) at San Gerardo Hospital (Monza, Italy), investigating KPC-Kp genotypes by means of repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (Rep-PCR).Results: We enrolled 97 patients infected with KPC-Kp. Rep-PCR analysis identified 5 distinct clone types, with different distribution over time. During the first 12 months of the outbreak period, only 1 clone was detected (clone A, in 47 patients), while the 4 other clones were identified over the remaining 16 months (clones C, E, and F/L in 23, 24, and 3 patients respectively). Mechanical ventilation was less frequent in patients infected with clones C/E/F/L (OR=0.14; 95% CI: 0.05-0.37) compared to clone A, and the Charlson comorbidity index (CI) was more likely to have a score >5 in patients infected with clones C/E/F/L (OR=7.21; 95% CI: 2.24-23.14) compared to clone A.Overall mortality was higher in patients infected with clones C/E/F/L (13/20 patients, 65%) compared to those infected with clone A (7/20, 35%). Mortality in patients infected with clones C/E/F/L remained significantly higher even after adjusting for the potential confounding effect of comorbidities (ie, CI), with a hazard ratio (HR) of 4.65 (95% CI: 1.83-11.89).

scholarly journals Genotypic characterization of ten microsatellite loci in two Brazilian free range (Caipira) chicken lines

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 877-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Helen Pagani Possamai ◽  
Jaqueline Battilana ◽  
Ediane Paludo ◽  
Marcos Edgar Herkenhoff ◽  
Fábio Pértile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Allele Number ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Number Variation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Commercial Chickens

This study aimed to investigate the genetic variability of two Brazilian free range (Caipira) chickens lines using microsatellites analysis of ten loci. It was collected a total of 99 blood samples, which 49 were from Paraíso Pedrês (PP) and 50 were from Rubro Negra (RN) lines. The amplification of the DNA fragments was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the genotyping was conduct using ABI 3130 sequencer. The allele number variation was among 3 (LEI0254) to 32 (LEI0212) in the PP line, and 4 (LEI0254) to 31 (LEI0212) in the RN line. The allelic average per locus was 13.3 and 13.1 in the PP and RN lines, respectively. The average observed and the expected heterozygosity were 0.650 and 0.820 in the PP line, and 0.671 and 0.804 in the RN line. All of the analyzed loci were informative (PIC>0.5). These results indicate that these free-range animals have a high genetic variability, at least for the majority of the analyzed loci, and this genetic variation is higher than the commercial chickens and similar for the no-commercial birds

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