scholarly journals Field Isolates of Tomato spotted wilt virus Overcoming Resistance in Pepper and Their Spread to Other Hosts in Italy

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 950-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Roggero ◽  
Vera Masenga ◽  
Luciana Tavella
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Mechanical Inoculation ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Wilt Virus

Isolates of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) severely and systemically infecting commercial pepper cultivars with resistance introgressed from Capsicum chinense PI152225 were found in Albenga (northwestern Italy) in July 2000. Experimentally, these resistance-breaking (RB) isolates overcame the resistance in C. chinense PI152225, but they produced infection in other hosts similarly to non-RB isolates from the same area. The RB isolates were indistinguishable from TSWV by serology and electron microscopy, and they were efficiently transmitted by Frankliniella occidentalis. Such isolates were recovered on the same farm in tomato, pepper, and artichoke 2 and 12 months later, suggesting natural spread from the resistant plants and survival. The RB isolates survived in experimental mixed infections with a non-RB isolate in susceptible pepper and C. chinense, but cross-protection in pepper acted against them. Commercial TSWV-resistant pepper but not resistant tomato cultivars from different companies were susceptible to these RB isolates after mechanical inoculation. Similar isolates were not detected among TSWV samples collected from 1993 to 2000 in the area. The management of TSWV and thrips using resistant pepper cultivars is discussed.

scholarly journals Host Plant Resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus (Bunyaviridae: Tospovirus) in Tomato

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1626-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Riley ◽  
Shimat V. Joseph ◽  
W. Terry Kelley ◽  
Steve Olson ◽  
John Scott
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Wilt Virus

Commercially available cultivars of tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. were field-tested for resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) over a 5-year period (from 2006 to 2010) at the Coastal Plain Experiment Station at Tifton, GA. Selected cultivars were transplanted each year into staked, black plastic mulch beds on drip irrigation in the spring of each year when the incidence of Tomato spotted wilt (TSW) tended to be highest. The presence of TSWV was confirmed by double antibody sandwich (DAS) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Also, the presence of thrips vectors was monitored using beat-cup sampling of foliage and flower samples. Tomato cultivars with the Sw-5 resistance gene provided high levels of control of TSW expression over all 5 years. However, these genotypes had no apparent effect on the thrips vectors, western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), and tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds), that transmit TSWV. Overall, the top 15 commercial tomato cultivars based on consistent TSW resistance and ranked from highest marketable fruit yield were: ‘Tycoon’, ‘Tous 91’, ‘Talladega’, ‘Red Defender’, ‘BHN 444’, ‘Nico’, ‘Carson’, ‘BHN 685 (Roma type)’, ‘Picus’, ‘Redline’, ‘Tribute’, ‘Quincy’, ‘BHN 640’, ‘BHN 602’, and ‘Top Gun’.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Tactics for Management of Thrips-Vectored Tomato spotted wilt virus in Tomato

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 847-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Riley ◽  
H. R. Pappu
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Plant Resistance ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Insecticide Treatment ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

Two studies were conducted in Georgia during the spring of 1997 and 1998 to evaluate various management practices for reducing thrips and thrips-vectored Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in tomato. Populations of the two species of thrips responsible for transmitting TSWV in tomato fields, Frankliniella occidentalis and F. fusca, were determined using blossom and sticky trap samples. Management practices evaluated were host plant resistance, insecticide treatments, planting date, and light-reflective mulch. In both years, intensive insecticide treatment had the largest effect in reducing thrips and spotted wilt and increasing marketable yield, compared with host plant resistance and reflective mulch. The effect of planting date was consistent in that the later planting date resulted in higher incidence of TSWV, lower thrips numbers, and lower tomato yields, both in fruit quality and dollar value. Host plant resistance and reflective mulch significantly reduced thrips and TSWV. In both years, early planting on black plastic with an intensive insecticide treatment resulted in the highest yield.

scholarly journals Incidence of viruses infecting pepper in Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-193
Author(s):  
Amisa Laprom ◽  
Somrudee Nilthong ◽  
Ekachai Chukeatirote
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
The North ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus ◽  
Chilli Veinal Mottle Virus

AbstractThis study was conducted to determine the incidence, diversity and distribution of viruses infecting pepper (Capsicum spp.) in the central, northern and northeastern parts of Thailand. During a survey in 2016 - 2019, a total of 2,149 leaf samples from symptomatic and asymptomatic peppers were collected randomly from farmer’s fields, and preliminary tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using 7 antibodies specific for cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV), tomato necrotic ringspot virus (TNRV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), potato virus Y (PVY), tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), and begomoviruses. Our data revealed that the incidence of the viruses infecting pepper in Thailand was high, accounting for nearly 70% (1,482 infected samples). The highest viral incidence was found in the central part (96%), followed by the north (74.4%) and the northeastern (52.8%), respectively. Begomoviruses, CMV, ChiVMV, and TNRV were detected in the samples at varying rates, whereas PVY, TMV, and TSWV were not detected. Of these, the most frequently found virus was Begomoviruses accounting for nearly 33%, with the highest rate (ca. 82%) in the central Provinces of Thailand. In addition, of the 1,482 infected samples, mixed infections among the four viruses were also found in 616 samples (ca. 42%), and CMV + ChiVMV (approximately 11%) was the most common mixed infection. This is the first report describing an occurrence of viruses in pepper of Thailand, and the results obtained have revealed that viruses infecting pepper are widespread, which may pose a threat to pepper production in Thailand.

scholarly journals Restricted Spread of Tomato spotted wilt virus in Thrips-Resistant Pepper

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 1223-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Maris ◽  
N. N. Joosten ◽  
R. W. Goldbach ◽  
D. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Resistant Accession ◽  
Source Plant ◽  
Wilt Virus

Spread of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and population development of its vector Frankliniella occidentalis were studied on the pepper accessions CPRO-1 and Pikante Reuzen, which are resistant and susceptible to thrips, respectively. Viruliferous thrips were released on plants of each accession (nonchoice tests) or on plants in a 1:1 mixture of both accessions (choice tests) in small cages containing 8 or 16 plants. Significantly fewer CPRO-1 plants became infected in the primary infection phase in both tests. In the nonchoice test, virus infection of the resistant plants did not increase after the initial infection, but all plants eventually became infected when mixtures of both cultivars were challenged in the secondary infection phase. Secondary spread of TSWV from an infected resistant or susceptible source plant was significantly slower to resistant plants than to susceptible plants, independent of source plant phenotype. The restricted introduction and spread of TSWV in the thrips-resistant cultivar was confirmed in a large-scale greenhouse experiment. The restricted and delayed TSWV spread to plants of the resistant accession in both the cage and the greenhouse experiment was explained by impeded thrips population development. The results obtained indicate that thrips resistance may provide a significant protection to TSWV infection, even when the crop is fully susceptible to the virus.

scholarly journals Occurrence, Prevalence, and Distribution of Viruses Infecting Peanut in Argentina

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 1237-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. de Breuil ◽  
M. S. Nievas ◽  
F. J. Giolitti ◽  
L. M. Giorda ◽  
S. L. Lenardon
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Peanut Stripe Virus ◽  
Peanut Production ◽  
Peanut Stunt Virus ◽  
Wilt Virus

This is the first survey to determine the occurrence, prevalence, and distribution of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) viral diseases in Argentina. It was conducted in the province of Córdoba, which has 92% of the country's peanut production. It included the main peanut viruses Peanut mottle virus (PeMoV), Peanut stripe virus (PStV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Peanut stunt virus (PSV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), and Groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV). Leaf samples from 1,028 individual peanut plants with virus-like symptoms and 986 samples from asymptomatic plants were collected in six counties of Córdoba over 3 years and serologically tested for the presence of viruses. PeMoV was the most frequently detected virus, found in 58.8, 34.2, and 23.4% of samples from the 2003–04, 2004–05, and 2005–06 growing seasons, respectively, and it was found in all sampled counties. Also, it was the only virus detected in asymptomatic plants. Less than 4% of symptomatic plants were infected with CMV or GRSV; 0.5, 3.6, and 2% of samples were positive for CMV; and 0.5, 3.1, and 1.6% were positive for GRSV in the 2003–04, 2004–05 and 2005–06 seasons, respectively. Some mixed infections were found: CMV-PeMoV and GRSV-PeMoV. During this survey, PSV, PStV, and TSWV were not detected in any peanut samples.

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