scholarly journals John Lubbock, caves, and the development of Middle and Upper Palaeolithic archaeology

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Pettitt ◽  
Mark White
Keyword(s):  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Prehistoric Archaeology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Palaeolithic Archaeology

John Lubbock's Pre-Historic Times (1865) was the first publication to use the terms ‘Palaeolithic’ and ‘Neolithic’ to define major periods of early prehistory. Because of this he has come to be seen as one of the most influential figures in the history of prehistoric archaeology. We examine this image here, in terms of his influence on contemporaries both in Britain and in France, where early excavations were providing materials that came to form the basic periodization of the Palaeolithic that is still in use today. We show how Lubbock contributed to this emergence of a professional Palaeolithic archaeology, and what he did and did not achieve in the critical decades of the 1850s and 1860s before his interests moved elsewhere.

Palaeolithic archaeology: a review of recent research

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 61-79
Author(s):  
Vangelis Tourloukis
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Terra Incognita ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Early Human ◽  
Lower Palaeolithic ◽  
Palaeolithic Archaeology

In contrast to a relatively long history of Palaeolithic investigations in western Europe, research on the Palaeolithic period in Greece has lagged behind considerably. This article reviews the last decade of Palaeolithic research in Greece, with the aim of highlighting key aspects of recent developments in the field. Newly discovered Lower Palaeolithic sites, such as Marathousa 1 in Megalopolis, have offered rare, high-resolution windows into hunter-gatherer adaptations during the earliest-known peopling of the Greek peninsula. Palaeolithic sites in insular settings, exemplified by the latest discoveries in Crete and Naxos, have stirred up intriguing discussions about early seafaring but, most importantly, provide support to a revised view of the role of the Aegean in early human dispersals. Zooarchaeological, palaeoenvironmental and dating analyses of Middle and Upper Palaeolithic materials from new and older assemblages have provided valuable insights that help contextualize the information distilled from lithic industries. In sum, recent excavations, surveys and assessments of new and older collections have together contributed to the compilation of an important corpus of novel and significant data. Palaeolithic Greece is no longer a terra incognita, and it carries the potential to become a key player in understanding early human societies in southern Europe.

The Palaeolithic of Klithi in its wider context

1992 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Stone Tool ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
Late Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Village ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Palaeolithic Archaeology

Klithi is a rockshelter in the lower reaches of the Voidomatis gorge, near the village of Klithonia in Epirus. Excavations in progress since 1983 have revealed evidence of a late Upper Palaeolithic occupation dated between 16,000 BP and 10,000 BP, with rich microlithic stone tool industries and faunal assemblages dominated by chamois and ibex. The excavations have been accompanied by wider investigations of the local and regional palaeoenvironment and reexamination of the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites excavated by Eric Higgs in the 1960s, notably Kokkinopilos, Asprochaliko, and Kastritsa. This paper presents some of the detailed results of the Klithi excavations and sets the results within the wider context of the global issues which inform the study of Palaeolithic archaeology, the Palaeolithic of Greece as a whole, and the regional picture of Palaeolithic settlement in Epirus.

scholarly journals Hominin evolutionary thanatology from the mortuary to funerary realm: the palaeoanthropological bridge between chemistry and culture

2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1754) ◽  
pp. 20180212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Pettitt
Keyword(s):  
Belief Systems ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Core Set ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Animal Community ◽  
Palaeolithic Archaeology

Palaeoanthropology, or more precisely Palaeolithic archaeology, offers the possibility of bridging the gap between mortuary activities that can be observed in the wider animal community and which relate to chemistry and emotion; to the often-elaborate systems of rationalization and symbolic contextualisation that are characteristic of recently observable societies. I draw on ethological studies to provide a core set of mortuary behaviours one might expect hominoids to inherit, and on anthropological observations to explore funerary activity represented in the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic, in order to examine how a distinctly human set of funerary behaviours arose from a more widespread set of mortuary behaviours. I suggest that the most profound innovation of the hominins was the incorporation of places into the commemoration of the dead, and propose a falsifiable mechanism for why this came about; and I suggest that the pattern of the earliest burials fits with modern hunter–gatherer belief systems about death, and how these vary by social complexity. Finally, I propose several research questions pertaining to the social context of funerary practices, suggesting how a hominin evolutionary thanatology may contribute not only to our understanding of human behavioural evolution, but to a wider thanatology of the animal kingdom. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Evolutionary thanatology: impacts of the dead on the living in humans and other animals’.

Stukeley, Avebury and the Druids

Antiquity ◽  
1935 ◽  
Vol 9 (33) ◽  
pp. 22-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Piggott
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Prehistoric Archaeology ◽  
Poetic Tradition ◽  
Romantic Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
English Culture

There have been few tendencies in the history of English culture with so profound a contemporary influence as the so-called Romantic Movement of the 18th and early 19th centuries, and still fewer with such a strangely assorted progeny. That toying with ‘the Gothick’, which produced such early jeux d'esprit as Walpole's Strawberry Hill or Beckford's Fonthill, led, on the one hand, to the Albert Memorial, and, on the other, to the sculpture of Eric Gill; in literature, while the Romantics founded an honourable poetic tradition extending from Collins through Wordsworth to Blunden, it is surely not fantastic to see in such works as Lewis' Bravo of Venice the genesis of the modern thriller. Most strange of all, one outcome of the Romantic Movement was a new branch of science. For prehistoric archaeology in England was not the product of the classical lore so eagerly absorbed from Italy in the 16th and 17th centuries, but originated in those eccentric gentlemen of the 18th century who perambulated the countryside studying at first hand the antiquities of their own forefathers.

On magdalenian mobility and land use in north-west Europe

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eelco Rensink
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Data Set ◽  
North West ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Relative Dating ◽  
New Directions ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Europe

Investigations into the upper palaeolithic settlement history of Europe have made significant advances over the past decades in several fields. As a result of the reappraisal of old collections and the excavation of ‘new’ sites, an extensive data set has become available which can be used to study aspects of the organization of palaeolithic hunter-gatherers. The improvement of absolute and relative dating methods has provided the archaeologist with a more solid chronological framework. Additionally, innovations in archaeological theory and methodology have led to the exploration of new directions of inquiry. This paper focuses on a well-known example of these new directions: the study ofregionalsettlement-subsistence systems of palaeolithic groups, incorporating the systematic evaluation of archaeological data recovered from substantial areas. A growing number of archaeologists dealing with the upper palaeolithic record and active in various regions throughout Europe is currently engaged in this particular form of analysis (Audouze 1992; Hahn 1987; Julien 1987; Straus 1986; Weniger 1987, 1989).

scholarly journals A Co-authorship Network Analysis of National and International Growth in Prehistoric Archaeology, Italy (1875-2000): Combining Bibliometric and Qualitative Data in the History of Science

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Plutniak
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Prehistoric Archaeology ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
International Growth ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Striking Change ◽  
Publication Language

This paper examines the national and international growth of prehistoric archaeology in Italy from 1875 to 2000. A bibliometric approach is proposed for a case study of a scientific discipline, language and period that are poorly represented in current bibliographic databases. These constraints led to the generation of a data set with articles from 5 journals (2842 articles and 1221 unique authors). Publication language and author nationalities were manually included in the data set. Journal internationality measures and coauthorship network analyses showed: 1) that internationalisation was not the most striking change over the study period: it was one of a number of features that journal editors addressed in their own way; 2) results confirm a change in the social organisation of scientific production in archaeology, with the emergence of co-authorship and reflect the differentiation of local research trends. This is discussed with reference to previous work on the history of prehistoric archaeology.

The Context and Definition of Upper Palaeolithic Industries in Panchpir, Orissa, India

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Asok Datta
Keyword(s):  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

This paper provides a brief outline of the history of Palaeolithic research in India as a background to the description of the distinctive Upper Palaeolithic industries that have now been identified. The assemblages from three sites in Orissa are described to illustrate the character of the industry in the north-east of the subcontinent.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document