scholarly journals IgA-coated particles of Hepatitis A virus are translocalized antivectorially from the apical to the basolateral site of polarized epithelial cells via the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor

2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 2747-2751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Dotzauer ◽  
Meike Brenner ◽  
Ulrike Gebhardt ◽  
Angelika Vallbracht
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor ◽  
Immunoglobulin Receptor ◽  
Coated Particles ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Polarized Epithelial Cells

Although Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted by the faecal–oral route, its target for replication is the liver. Little is known of its interactions with cells of the gastrointestinal tract, and it is not known by which mechanisms HAV crosses the intestinal epithelium. In this study, it is shown that HAV associated with IgA is translocated from the apical to the basolateral compartment of polarized epithelial cells via the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor by IgA-mediated reverse transcytosis. The relevance of this mechanism, by which HAV–IgA complexes may overcome the intestinal barrier and contribute to infections of the liver, results from the fact that HAV–IgA complexes are infectious for hepatocytes and that significant amounts of intestinal HAV–IgA are present during acute infections, which are also partly transmitted. Besides supporting the primary infection, this mechanism may play a role in relapsing infections by establishing an enterohepatic cycle for HAV.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation of hepatitis A virus infection in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 289-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Melo VILLAR ◽  
Vanessa Salete DE PAULA ◽  
Ana Maria Coimbra GASPAR
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Commercial Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
National Reference Center ◽  
The City

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection constitutes a major public health problem in Brazil. The transmission of HAV is primarily by fecal-oral route so the water is an important vehicle of HAV dissemination. There is a great incidence of acute cases of hepatitis A in some areas of Brazil however the seasonal variation of these cases was not documented. The aim of this study was to determine the seasonality of HAV infection in Rio de Janeiro. From January 1999 to December 2001, 1731 blood samples were collected at the National Reference Center for Hepatitis Viruses in Brazil (NRCHV). These samples were tested by a commercial enzyme-immunoassay to detect anti-HAV IgM antibodies. Yearly positive rates were 33.74% in 1999, 32.19% in 2000, and 30.63% in 2001. A seasonal variation was recognized with the highest incidence in spring and summer. Furthermore a seasonal increase in incidence of HAV infection was found during the rainy season (December to March) because the index of rains is very high. It is concluded that HAV infections occur all year round with a peak during hot seasons with great number of rains.

scholarly journals Targeting Mucosal Sites by Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor-directed Peptides

2002 ◽  
Vol 196 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendra D. White ◽  
J. Donald Capra
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Secretory Component ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor ◽  
Immunoglobulin Receptor ◽  
Potential Binding Site ◽  
Green Fluorescent

Polymeric immunoglobulins provide first line humoral defense at mucosal surfaces to which they are specifically transported by the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) on mucosal and glandular epithelial cells. Previous studies from our laboratory suggested that amino acids 402–410 of the Cα3 domain of dimeric IgA (dIgA) represented a potential binding site for the pIgR. Here by binding human secretory component to overlapping decapeptides of Cα3, we confirm these residues and also uncover an additional site. Furthermore, we show that the Cα3 motif appears to be sufficient to direct transport of green fluorescent protein through the pIgR-specific cellular transcytosis system. An alternative approach identified phage peptides, selected from a library by the in vitro Madin Darby Canine Kidney transcytosis assay, for pIgR-mediated transport through epithelial cells. Some transcytosis-selected peptides map to the same 402–410 pIgR-binding Cα3 site. Further in vivo studies document that at least one of these peptides is transported in a rat model measuring hepatic bile transport. In addition to identifying small peptides that are both bound and transported by the pIgR, this study provides evidence that the pIgR-mediated mucosal secretion system may represent a means of targeting small molecule therapeutics and genes to mucosal epithelial cells.

Molecular characterization of hepatitis A virus isolated from acute infections in Turkey

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 714-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bedia DINC ◽  
Duygu KOYUNCU ◽  
Senem Ceren KARATAYLI ◽  
Elife BERK ◽  
Ersin KARATAYLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Acute Infections

scholarly journals The Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor Translocates Pneumococci across Human Nasopharyngeal Epithelial Cells

Cell ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 827-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Ren Zhang ◽  
Keith E Mostov ◽  
Michael E Lamm ◽  
Masanobu Nanno ◽  
Shin-ichiro Shimida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor ◽  
Immunoglobulin Receptor ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Epithelial

scholarly journals un Identification of enteric viruses from raw water using fluoro-immuno-magnetic separation coupled to RT-PCR

Biomédica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Villamizar ◽  
Dioselina Peláez-Carvajal ◽  
Luis Felipe Acero
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Contaminated Food

Introduction: Enteric viruses have been associated with the production of a variety of diseases transmitted by the fecal-oral route, carried through contaminated food and water. Given their structure and composition, they are highly resistant to environmental conditions and most of the chemical agents used in the purification processes. Therefore, a systematic monitoring of raw water is necessary to ensure its quality, especially, when it is used as feedstock for the production of drinking water for human consumption. Objective: In the present work the presence of Rotavirus and Hepatitis A Virus was identified by means of the fluoro-immuno-magnetic separation technique (FIMS) in raw water taken from four purification plants in the Norte de Santander department including their water supplies. Materials and methodos: The viruses were captured and separated from the water samples, using magnetic microparticles functionalized with monoclonal anti-Hepatitis A and anti-Rotavirus antibodies. Confocal microscopy was used to monitor the viral concentration process and transmission electron microscopy for morphological visualization of the separated viruses. The reverse transcriptase-coupled polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to confirm the presence of pathogens. Results: The two enteric viruses were identified in most of the analyzed water samples, including their water supply sources. Conclusion: It was possible to determine that the FIMS technique coupled to RT-PCR is highly effective technique in the detection of viral pathogens, in complex matrices such as raw water.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hepatitis A virus antibodies in Central-Eastern Poland – a comparative study (1990-2012)

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Pachnia ◽  
Dorota Polz-Gruszka ◽  
Pawel Macielag ◽  
Malgorzata Polz-Dacewicz
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Past ◽  
Contaminated Drinking Water ◽  
Central Eastern

Abstract Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is an hepatotropic human picornavirus that is associated only with acute infection of liver. This pathogen is mainly transmitted through the faecal-oral route, by person-to-person contact, and also contaminated drinking water and food. This reserach presenting the comparative seroepidemiological study (1990/1999/2012) on HAV infection was carried out in population from south-eastern Poland. Anti-HAV was tested in 613 subjects from 0 to over 60 years of age and the results were compared with those observed in 1990 and 1989/99. We also analyzed the number of vaccinations in the past decade and their role in preventing disease.

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