scholarly journals Clozapine metabolism is associated with Absolute Neutrophil Count in individuals with treatment-resistant schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Willcocks ◽  
Sophie E. Legge ◽  
Mariana Nalmpanti ◽  
Lucy Mazzeo ◽  
Adrian King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Absolute Neutrophil Count ◽  
Neutrophil Count ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Metabolic Ratio ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Clozapine Concentration ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractAIMTo investigate the relationship between clozapine concentration and neutrophils in a European cohort of long-term clozapine users.METHODSPearson’s Correlation and Linear Regression analyses were applied to a subset of the CLOZUK2 dataset (N = 208) to assess the association between Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) and plasma clozapine concentration. Norclozapine and the metabolic ratio between clozapine and norclozapine were also investigated, along with SNPs associated with clozapine metabolismRESULTSAssociation between ANC and plasma clozapine concentration was found to be significant in a linear regression model (β = −1.41, p = 0.009), with a decrease in ANC of approximately 141 cells/mm3 for every 0.1 mg/litre increase in clozapine concentration. This association was attenuated by the addition of the metabolic ratio, which was significantly negatively correlated with ANC (β=-0.69, p=0.021). In a further regression model, three SNPs previously associated with norclozapine plasma concentrations and clozapine/norclozapine ratio were also found to be significantly associated with ANC: rs61750900 (β=-0.410, p=0.048), rs2011425 (β=0.450, p=0.026) and rs1126545 (β=0.330, p=0.039)CONCLUSIONANC was found to be significantly negatively associated with plasma clozapine concentration. Further investigation has suggested that the relationship is mediated by the clozapine/norclozapine ratio, and potentially moderated by genetic variants with effects on clozapine metabolism

Psychological and physiological effects of caring for patients with treatment-resistant depression

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1825-1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Rane ◽  
A. Fekadu ◽  
A. S. Papadopoulos ◽  
S. C. Wooderson ◽  
L. Poon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcome ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Treatment Resistant Depression ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Carer Burden ◽  
Resistant Depression

BackgroundCarers of patients with psychiatric disorders show high levels of anxiety and depression, possibly mediated through disruption of the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. Among carers of patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), we set out to determine the psychological and physiological (HPA axis) consequences of caring, and the association of these consequences with long-term outcome in patients.MethodThirty-five informal carers of patients with severe TRD requiring in-patient treatment were recruited and compared with 23 controls. HPA-axis activity was assessed by measuring post-awaking salivary cortisol. The Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire (IEQ) and the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) were administered to measure carer burden and psychiatric caseness respectively. Independent t tests were used to compare differences between carers and controls and a linear regression model was used to determine the association of post-awakening cortisol with carer status while controlling for confounding variables. Data on long-term patient outcome (12 to 83 months), measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), were also obtained and linear regression was used to determine the association between cortisol output in carers and remission status in patients.ResultsCarers experienced high carer burden and high psychiatric caseness. Carers showed reduced cortisol output after awakening, calculated as the area under the curve with respect to ground (AUCg), which remained significant after controlling for potential confounders. In a linear regression model, non-remission in patients was associated with reduced cortisol output in carers.ConclusionsCaring for patients with TRD is associated with adverse psychological and physiological changes suggesting hypocortisolism post-awakening. These changes are associated with poor patient outcome.

Neutrophilia and mortality in women with uterine carcinosarcoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1258-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Arend ◽  
Anne Van Arsdale ◽  
Anar Gojayev ◽  
Brandon Michael Roane ◽  
David Doo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Neutrophil Count ◽  
Neutrophil Count ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Uterine Carcinosarcoma ◽  
Poor Prognostic Factor ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between pre-treatment absolute neutrophil count and clinical outcomes in patients with uterine carcinosarcoma.MethodsIn an Institutional Review Board approved, retrospective cohort study of 103 patients with uterine carcinosarcoma, the pre-treatment absolute neutrophil count data were obtained from the medical records, along with clinical, pathologic, treatment, and outcome data. Kaplan–Meier survival estimates were calculated and compared by the log rank test. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to examine the relationship of pre-treatment absolute neutrophil count with progression-free survival and overall survival.ResultsUterine carcinosarcoma patients in the highest quartile of pre-treatment absolute neutrophil count had significantly reduced progression-free survival (p<0.001, log rank test), and overall survival (p<0.001, log rank test), compared with patients in the lower absolute neutrophil count quartiles. On multivariable analysis, high absolute neutrophil count was an independent poor prognostic factor for disease recurrence, HR 2.97 (95% CI 1.35 to 6.53, p=0.007) for highest versus lowest quartile absolute neutrophil count, and for mortality, HR 4.43 (95% CI 1.64 to 12.00, p= 0.003).ConclusionsHigh pre-treatment absolute neutrophil count is an independent poor prognostic factor in patients with uterine carcinosarcoma and may be useful as a potential biomarker in clinical trials. The mechanistic relationship of neutrophilia and uterine carcinosarcoma progression merits further investigation.

The Settlement Prediction of Pile Foundation Based on Grey Linear Regression Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 320-325
Author(s):  
Jia Kun Liu ◽  
Jian Ping Wang ◽  
Min Zhu ◽  
Xiao Jie Hou
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Pile Foundation ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Static Load Test ◽  
Combined Model ◽  
Actual Meaning ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Grey linear regression model is a covert grey combined model that is built based on GM(1,1) model and linear regression model. It improves undervaluation of linear regression model which can not in press the exponential growth and come to deficiency of grey GM (1, 1) model which has not linear factor. This paper briefly introduces the establishment and precision examination method of the grey linearity regression model and establishes the grey linear regression model to predict the relationship of load and settlement. Based on the data of static load test, the load-settlement curve is simulated and analyzed. The result of study shows that Grey Linear regression Model can effectively predict the settlement of pile foundation, and be of the theoretical and actual meaning for further analyzing the bearing capability of pile foundation.

scholarly journals The Effect of Phase on Paper Thickness Optimization in the Paper Recycling Process Using Recycling Machine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Fauzhia Rahmasari
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Thickness Optimization ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Paper Recycling ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractEfforts to manage the recycling of paper waste into new paper have been carried out in recent times. It takes a tool or machine that is able to effectively and efficiently recycle used paper into new paper. There are several factors that affect the effectiveness of paper recycling machines, one of which is the paper thickness. One method that can be used to analyze the factors that influence paper thickness in the paper production process using a paper recycling machine is regression analysis. Regression analysis is data analysis techniques in statistics that is used to examine the relationship between several independent variables and dependent variable. However, if we want to examine the relationship or effect of two or more independent variables on a dependent variable, the regression model used is a multiple linear regression model. This study purposes are to analyze the factors that influence paper thickness using a paper recycling machine using multiple linear regression and to inform the modeling about that. The results showed that the factors that affect the paper thickness optimization are destruction and press phase. AbstractUpaya pengelolaan daur ulang sampah kertas menjadi kertas baru telah banyak dilakukan pada jaman sekarang. Dibutuhkan suatu alat atau mesin yang mampu secara efektif dan efisien dalam mendaur ulang kertas bekas menjadi kertas baru. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat efektifitas mesin daur ulang kertas diantaranya adalah ketebalan kertas. Salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketebalan kertas pada proses produksi kertas menggunakan mesin daur ulang kertas adalah analisis regresi. Analisis regresi merupakan teknik analisis data dalam statistika yang digunakan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara beberapa variabel bebas dengan variabel tidak bebas. Namun, jika ingin mengkaji hubungan atau pengaruh dua atau lebih variabel bebas terhadap satu variabel tidak bebas, maka model regresi yang digunakan adalah model regresi linier berganda. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketebalan kertas menggunakan mesin daur ulang kertas menggunakan regresi linier berganda serta memberikan informasi pemodelan mengenai hal tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi keoptimalan ketebalan kertas adalah fase penghancuran dan pemadatan kertas

scholarly journals Corporate governance and innovation: Evidence from Bahrain bourse

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Mohamed Hasan Al-Mannaei ◽  
Allam Mohammed Mousa Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Year 2013

The study aims to assess corporate governance and innovation in selected listed companies at Bahrain Bourse. The study sample included 39 companies in the year 2013. The study built one Linear Regression Model to study the relationship between corporate governance and innovation. After testing the first hypothesis, there is an accepted level of corporate governance in selected listed companies at Bahrain Bourse. And after testing the second hypothesis, there is no relationship between corporate governance and innovation in selected listed companies at Bahrain Bourse, whether the corporate governance is strong in selected listed companies at Bahrain Bourse or not, it has no relationship to Innovation. In Kingdom of Bahrain the innovation is weak due to the fact that Bahrain imports innovation from other countries. The study recommends that all companies listed in Bahrain Bourse to send their employees for special courses on corporate governance, which shows its benefits and to increase their awareness and advises to conduct a workshop of innovation in companies listed in Bahrain Bourse by professional institutes

scholarly journals Hair cortisol-a method to detect chronic cortisol levels in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanain Hamid Shukur ◽  
Yolanda B de Rijke ◽  
Elisabeth FC van Rossum ◽  
Laith Hussain-Alkhateeb ◽  
Charlotte Höybye
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multisymptomatic, rare, genetic, neurodevelopmental disorder in adults mainly characterized by hyperphagia, cognitive dysfunction, behavioral problems and risk of morbid obesity. Although endocrine insufficiencies are common, hypocortisolism is rare and knowledge on long-term cortisol concentrations is lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term cortisol levels in PWS by measurements of hair cortisol. Methods: Twenty-nine adults with PWS, 15 men and 14 women, median age 29 years, median BMI 27 kg/m2, were included. Scalp hair samples were analyzed for cortisol content using liquid-chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry. In addition, a questionnaire on auxology, medication and stress were included. For comparison, 105 age- and sex-matched participants from the population-based Lifelines Cohort study were included as controls. The mean hair cortisol between the groups were compared and associations between BMI and stress were assessed by a generalized linear regression model. Results: In the PWS group large variations in hair cortisol was seen. Mean hair cortisol was 12.8±25.4 pg/mg compared to 3.8±7.3 pg/mg in controls (p=0.001). The linear regression model similarly showed higher cortisol levels in patients with PWS, which remained consistent after adjusting for BMI and stress (p=0.023). Furthermore, hair cortisol increased with BMI (p=0.012) and reported stress (p=0.014). Conclusion: Long-term cortisol concentrations were higher in patients with PWS compared to controls and increased with BMI and stress, suggesting an adequate cortisol response to chronic stress. Hair cortisol demonstrate promising applications in the context of PWS treatment and disease management.

scholarly journals Hair cortisol-a method to detect chronic cortisol levels in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanain Hamid Shukur ◽  
Yolanda B de Rijke ◽  
Elisabeth FC van Rossum ◽  
Laith Hussain-Alkhateeb ◽  
Charlotte Höybye
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Hair Cortisol ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a multisymptomatic, rare, genetic, neurodevelopmental disorder in adults mainly characterized by hyperphagia, cognitive dysfunction, behavioral problems and risk of morbid obesity. Although endocrine insufficiencies are common, hypocortisolism is rare and knowledge on long-term cortisol concentrations is lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term cortisol levels in PWS by measurements of hair cortisol.Methods: Twenty-nine adults with PWS, 15 men and 14 women, median age 29 years, median BMI 27 kg/m2, were included. Scalp hair samples were analyzed for cortisol content using liquid-chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry. In addition, a questionnaire on auxology, medication and stress were included. For comparison, 105 age- and sex-matched participants from the population-based Lifelines Cohort study were included as controls. The mean hair cortisol between the groups were compared and associations between BMI and stress were assessed by a generalized linear regression model.Results: In the PWS group large variations in hair cortisol was seen. Mean hair cortisol was 12.8±25.4 pg/mg compared to 3.8±7.3 pg/mg in controls (p=0.001). The linear regression model similarly showed higher cortisol levels in patients with PWS, which remained consistent after adjusting for BMI and stress (p=0.023). Furthermore, hair cortisol increased with BMI (p=0.012) and reported stress (p=0.014).Conclusion: Long-term cortisol concentrations were higher in patients with PWS compared to controls and increased with BMI and stress, suggesting an adequate cortisol response to chronic stress. Hair cortisol demonstrate promising applications in the context of PWS treatment and disease management.

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