scholarly journals Is there an intrinsic relationship between LFP beta oscillation amplitude and firing rate of individual neurons in monkey motor cortex?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Confais ◽  
Nicole Malfait ◽  
Thomas Brochier ◽  
Alexa Riehle ◽  
Bjørg Elisabeth Kilavik
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Firing Rate ◽  
Oscillation Amplitude ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Spike Rate ◽  
Behavioral Task ◽  
Beta Oscillations ◽  
Macaque Monkeys ◽  
Local Field Potential Lfp ◽  
Beta Oscillation

ABSTRACTIt is a long-standing controversial issue whether an intrinsic relationship between the local field potential (LFP) beta oscillation amplitude and the spike rate of individual neurons in the motor cortex exists. Beta oscillations are prominent in motor cortical LFPs, and their relationship to the local neuronal spiking activity has been extensively studied. Many studies demonstrated that the spikes of individual neurons lock to the phase of LFP beta oscillations. However, the results concerning whether there is also an intrinsic relationship between the amplitude of LFP beta oscillations and the firing rate of individual neurons are contradictory. Some studies suggest a systematic mapping of spike rates onto LFP beta amplitude, and others find no systematic relationship. To resolve this controversy, we correlated the amplitude of LFP beta oscillations recorded in motor cortex of two male macaque monkeys with spike counts of individual neurons during visuomotor behavior, in two different manners. First, in an analysis termed task-related correlation, data obtained across all behavioral task epochs was included. These task-related correlations were frequently significant, and in majority of negative sign. Second, in an analysis termed trial-by-trial correlation, only data from a fixed pre-cue task epoch was included, and correlations were calculated across trials. Such trial-by-trial correlations were weak and rarely significant. We conclude that there is no intrinsic relationship between the firing rate of individual neurons and LFP beta oscillation amplitude in macaque motor cortex, beyond each of these signals being modulated by external factors such as the behavioral task.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe addressed the long-standing controversial issue of whether there is an intrinsic relationship between the local field potential (LFP) beta oscillation amplitude and the spike rate of individual neurons in the motor cortex. In two complementary analyses of data from macaque monkeys, we first demonstrate that the unfolding behavioral task strongly affects both the LFP beta amplitude and the neuronal spike rate, creating task-related correlations between the two signals. However, when limiting the influence of the task, by restricting our analysis to a fixed task epoch, correlations between the two signals were largely eliminated. We conclude that there is no intrinsic relationship between the firing rate of individual neurons and LFP beta oscillation amplitude in motor cortex.

scholarly journals Is there an Intrinsic Relationship between LFP Beta Oscillation Amplitude and Firing Rate of Individual Neurons in Macaque Motor Cortex?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Confais ◽  
Nicole Malfait ◽  
Thomas Brochier ◽  
Alexa Riehle ◽  
Bjørg Elisabeth Kilavik
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Firing Rate ◽  
Oscillation Amplitude ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Beta Oscillations ◽  
Visuomotor Behavior ◽  
Local Field Potential Lfp ◽  
Beta Oscillation

Abstract The properties of motor cortical local field potential (LFP) beta oscillations have been extensively studied. Their relationship to the local neuronal spiking activity was also addressed. Yet, whether there is an intrinsic relationship between the amplitude of beta oscillations and the firing rate of individual neurons remains controversial. Some studies suggest a mapping of spike rate onto beta amplitude, while others find no systematic relationship. To help resolve this controversy, we quantified in macaque motor cortex the correlation between beta amplitude and neuronal spike count during visuomotor behavior. First, in an analysis termed “task-related correlation”, single-trial data obtained across all trial epochs were included. These correlations were significant in up to 32% of cases and often strong. However, a trial-shuffling control analysis recombining beta amplitudes and spike counts from different trials revealed these task-related correlations to reflect systematic, yet independent, modulations of the 2 signals with the task. Second, in an analysis termed “trial-by-trial correlation”, only data from fixed trial epochs were included, and correlations were calculated across trials. Trial-by-trial correlations were weak and rarely significant. We conclude that there is no intrinsic relationship between the firing rate of individual neurons and LFP beta oscillation amplitude in macaque motor cortex.

scholarly journals Coding of digit displacement by cell spiking and network oscillations in the monkey sensorimotor cortex

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (12) ◽  
pp. 3342-3352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire L. Witham ◽  
Stuart N. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Firing Rate ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Sensory State ◽  
Somatosensory Cortices ◽  
Finger Flexion ◽  
Local Field Potential Lfp

β-Band oscillations occur in motor and somatosensory cortices and muscle activity. Oscillations appear most strongly after movements, suggesting that they may represent or probe the limb's final sensory state. We tested this idea by training two macaque monkeys to perform a finger flexion to one of four displacements, which was then held for 2 s without visual feedback of absolute displacement. Local field potential (LFP) and single unit spiking were recorded from the rostral and caudal primary motor cortex and parietal areas 3a, 3b, 2, and 5. Information theoretic analysis determined how well unit firing rate or the power of LFP oscillations coded finger displacement. All areas encoded significant information about finger displacement after the movement into target, both in β-band (∼20 Hz) oscillatory activity and unit firing rate. On average, the information carried by unit firing was greater (0.07 bits) and peaked earlier (0.73 s after peak velocity) than that by LFP β-oscillations (0.05 bits and 0.95 s). However, there was considerable heterogeneity among units: some cells did not encode maximal information until midway through the holding phase. In 30% of cells, information in rate lagged information in LFP oscillations recorded at the same site. Finger displacement may be represented in the cortex in multiple ways. Coding the digit configuration immediately after a movement probably relies on nonoscillatory feedback, or efference copy. With increasing delay after movement cessation, oscillatory processing may also play a part.

Ultrasonic thalamic stimulation modulates neural activity of thalamus and motor cortex in the mouse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingran Wang ◽  
Jiaqing Yan ◽  
Huiran Zhang ◽  
Yi Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Coupling Relationship ◽  
Thalamic Stimulation ◽  
Neural Activities ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Local Field Potential Lfp

Abstract Objective. Previous studies have demonstrated that ultrasound thalamic stimulation (UTS) can treat disorders of consciousness. However, it is still unclear how UTS modulates neural activity in the thalamus and cortex. Approach. In this study, we performed UTS in mice and recorded the neural activities including spike and local field potential (LFP) of the thalamus and motor cortex. We analyzed the firing rate of spikes and the power spectrum of LFPs and evaluated the coupling relationship between LFPs from the thalamus and motor cortex with Granger causality. Main results. Our results clearly indicate that UTS can directly induce neural activity in the thalamus and indirectly induce neural activity in the motor cortex. We also found that there is a strong connection relationship of neural activity between thalamus and motor cortex under UTS. Significance. These results demonstrate that UTS can modulate the neural activity of the thalamus and motor cortex in mice. It has the potential to provide guidance for the ultrasound treatment of thalamus-related diseases.

scholarly journals Nonsinusoidal oscillations underlie pathological phase-amplitude coupling in the motor cortex in Parkinson’s disease

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott R. Cole ◽  
Erik J. Peterson ◽  
Roemer van der Meij ◽  
Coralie de Hemptinne ◽  
Philip A. Starr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Synaptic Activity ◽  
Motor Deficit ◽  
Beta Oscillations ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Phase Amplitude

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with abnormal beta oscillations (13-30 Hz) in the basal ganglia and motor cortex (M1). Recent reports show that M1 beta-high gamma (50-200 Hz) phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) is exaggerated in PD and is reduced following acute deep brain stimulation (DBS). Here we analyze invasive M1 electrocorticography recordings in PD patients on and off DBS, and in isolated cervical dystonia patients, and show that M1 beta oscillations are nonsinusoidal, having sharp and asymmetric features. These sharp oscillatory beta features underlie the previously reported PAC, providing an alternative to the standard interpretation of PAC as an interaction between two distinct frequency components. Specifically, the ratio between peak and trough sharpness is nearly perfectly correlated with beta-high gamma PAC (r = 0.96) and predicts PD-related motor deficit. Using a simulation of the local field potential, we demonstrate that sharp oscillatory waves can arise from synchronous synaptic activity. We propose that exaggerated beta-high gamma PAC may actually reflect such synchronous synaptic activity, manifesting as sharp beta oscillations that are “smoothed out” with DBS. These results support the “desynchronization” hypothesis of DBS wherein DBS counteracts pathological synchronization throughout the basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop. We argue that PAC can be influenced by more than one mechanism. In this case synaptic synchrony, rather than the often assumed spike-field coherence, may underlie exaggerated PAC. These often overlooked temporal features of the oscillatory waveform carry critical physiological information about neural processes and dynamics that may lead to better understanding of underlying neuropathology.

scholarly journals Case Report: Chronic Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation Personalizing Therapy Based on Parkinsonian State

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asuka Nakajima ◽  
Yasushi Shimo ◽  
Atsuhito Fuse ◽  
Joji Tokugawa ◽  
Makoto Hishii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Neural Oscillations ◽  
Target Structure ◽  
New Device ◽  
Stimulation Method ◽  
Local Field Potential Lfp ◽  
Beta Oscillation ◽  
Deep Brain

We describe the case of a 51-year-old man with Parkinson's disease (PD) presenting with motor fluctuations, who received bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) with an adaptive DBS (aDBS) device, Percept™ PC (Medtronic, Inc. , Minneapolis, MN). This device can deliver electrical stimulations based on fluctuations of neural oscillations of the local field potential (LFP) at the target structure. We observed that the LFP fluctuations were less evident inside the hospital than outside, while the stimulation successfully adapted to beta oscillation fluctuations during the aDBS phase without any stimulation-induced side effects. Thus, this new device facilitates condition-dependent stimulation; this new stimulation method is feasible and provides new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of PD.

scholarly journals Lack of mutant huntingtin in cortical efferents improves behavioral inflexibility and corticostriatal dynamics in Huntington’s disease mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 2621-2629
Author(s):  
Ana María Estrada-Sánchez ◽  
Courtney L. Blake ◽  
Scott J. Barton ◽  
Andrew G. Howe ◽  
George V. Rebec
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Local Field Potential ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Mutant Huntingtin ◽  
Local Field Potential Lfp

Abnormal communication between cerebral cortex and striatum plays a major role in the motor symptoms of Huntington’s disease (HD), a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a mutation of the huntingtin gene ( mHTT). Because cortex is the main driver of striatal processing, we recorded local field potential (LFP) activity simultaneously in primary motor cortex (M1) and dorsal striatum (DS) in BACHD mice, a full-length HD gene model, and in a conditional BACHD/Emx-1 Cre (BE) model in which mHTT is suppressed in cortical efferents, while mice freely explored a plus-shaped maze beginning at 20 wk of age. Relative to wild-type (WT) controls, BACHD mice were just as active across >40 wk of testing but became progressively less likely to turn into a perpendicular arm as they approached the choice point of the maze, a sign of HD motor inflexibility. BE mice, in contrast, turned as freely as WT throughout testing. Although BE mice did not exactly match WT in LFP activity, the reduction in alpha (8–13 Hz), beta (13–30 Hz), and low-gamma (30–50 Hz) power that occurred in M1 of turning-impaired BACHD mice was reversed. No reversal occurred in DS. In fact, BE mice showed further reductions in DS theta (4–8 Hz), beta, and low-gamma power relative to the BACHD model. Coherence analysis indicated a dysregulation of corticostriatal information flow in both BACHD and BE mice. Collectively, our results suggest that mHTT in cortical outputs drives the dysregulation of select cortical frequencies that accompany the loss of behavioral flexibility in HD. NEW & NOTEWORTHY BACHD mice, a full-length genetic model of Huntington’s disease (HD), express aberrant local field potential (LFP) activity in primary motor cortex (M1) along with decreased probability of turning into a perpendicular arm of a plus-shaped maze, a motor inflexibility phenotype. Suppression of the mutant huntingtin gene in cortical output neurons prevents decline in turning and improves alpha, beta, and low-gamma activity in M1. Our results implicate cortical networks in the search for therapeutic strategies to alleviate HD motor signs.

scholarly journals Local differences in neuronal activation level decorrelate spatially coherent global fluctuations in gamma rhythms

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaushik J. Lakshminarasimhan ◽  
Nikos K. Logothetis ◽  
Georgios A. Keliris
Keyword(s):  
Firing Rate ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Rate Code ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Activation Level ◽  
Gamma Rhythms ◽  
Global Fluctuations ◽  
Neuronal Coherence ◽  
Local Field Potential Lfp

AbstractNeuronal coherence is thought to constitute a unique substrate for information transmission distinct from firing rate. However, since the spatial scale of extracellular oscillations typically exceeds that of firing rates, it is unclear whether coherence complements or compromises the rate code. We examined responses in the macaque primary visual cortex and found that fluctuations in gamma-band (~40Hz) neuronal coherence correlated more with firing rate than oscillations in the local-field-potential (LFP). Although the spatial extent of LFP rhythms was broader, that of neuronal coherence was indistinguishable from firing rates. To identify the mechanism, we developed a statistical technique to isolate the rhythmic component of the spiking process and found that above results are explained by an activation-dependent increase in neuronal sensitivity to gamma-rhythmic input. Such adaptive changes in sensitivity to rhythmic inputs might constitute a fundamental homeostatic mechanism that prevents globally coherent inputs from undermining spatial resolution of the neural code.

scholarly journals Pre-movement changes in sensorimotor beta oscillations predict motor adaptation drive

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry T. Darch ◽  
Nadia L. Cerminara ◽  
Iain D. Gilchrist ◽  
Richard Apps
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Visuomotor Adaptation ◽  
Beta Oscillations ◽  
Scalp Eeg ◽  
Eeg Recordings ◽  
Beta Frequency ◽  
Adaptation Task

Abstract Beta frequency oscillations in scalp electroencephalography (EEG) recordings over the primary motor cortex have been associated with the preparation and execution of voluntary movements. Here, we test whether changes in beta frequency are related to the preparation of adapted movements in human, and whether such effects generalise to other species (cat). Eleven healthy adult humans performed a joystick visuomotor adaptation task. Beta (15–25 Hz) scalp EEG signals recorded over the motor cortex during a pre-movement preparatory phase were, on average, significantly reduced in amplitude during early adaptation trials compared to baseline, late adaptation, or aftereffect trials. The changes in beta were not related to measurements of reaction time or reach duration. We also recorded local field potential (LFP) activity within the primary motor cortex of three cats during a prism visuomotor adaptation task. Analysis of these signals revealed similar reductions in motor cortical LFP beta frequencies during early adaptation. This effect was present when controlling for any influence of the reaction time and reach duration. Overall, the results are consistent with a reduction in pre-movement beta oscillations predicting an increase in adaptive drive in upcoming task performance when motor errors are largest in magnitude and the rate of adaptation is greatest.

scholarly journals Do monkey F5 mirror neurons show changes in firing rate during repeated observation of natural actions?

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 1214-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Kilner ◽  
A. Kraskov ◽  
R. N. Lemon
Keyword(s):  
Firing Rate ◽  
Mirror Neurons ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Precision Grip ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Bold Signal ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Macaque Monkeys ◽  
Repeated Observation ◽  
Fmri Adaptation

Mirror neurons were first discovered in area F5 of macaque monkeys. In humans, noninvasive studies have demonstrated an increased blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in homologous motor areas during action observation. One approach to demonstrating that this indicates the existence of mirror neurons in humans has been to employ functional (f)MRI adaptation to test whether the same population of neurons is active during both observation and execution conditions. Although a number of human studies have reported fMRI adaptation in these areas, a recent study has shown that macaque mirror neurons do not attenuate their firing rate with two repetitions. Here we investigated whether mirror neurons modulate their firing rate when monkeys observed the same repeated natural action multiple times. We recorded from 67 mirror neurons in area F5 of two macaque monkeys while they observed an experimenter perform a reach-to-grasp action on a small food reward using a precision grip. Although no changes were detectable for the first two repetitions, we show that both the firing rate and the latency at which mirror neurons discharged during observation were subtly modulated by the repetition of the observed action over 7–10 trials. Significant adaption was mostly found in the period immediately before the grasp was performed. We also found that the local field potential activity in F5 (beta-frequency range, 16–23 Hz), which is attenuated during action observation, also showed systematic changes with repeated observation. These LFP changes occurred well in advance of the mirror neuron adaptation. We conclude that macaque mirror neurons can show intra-modal adaptation, but whether this is related to fMRI adaptation of the BOLD signal requires further investigation.

Coherent network oscillations by olfactory interneurons: modulation by endogenous amines

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1930-1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gelperin ◽  
L. D. Rhines ◽  
J. Flores ◽  
D. W. Tank
Keyword(s):  
Second Messengers ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Odor Recognition ◽  
Axonal Projections ◽  
Odor Learning ◽  
Olfactory Systems ◽  
Olfactory Interneurons ◽  
Limax Maximus ◽  
Local Field Potential Lfp

1. The procerebral (PC) lobe of the terrestrial mollusk Limax maximus contains a highly interconnected network of local olfactory interneurons that receives direct axonal projections from the two pairs of noses. This olfactory processing network generates a 0.7-Hz oscillation in its local field potential (LFP) that is coherent throughout the network. The oscillating LFP is modulated by natural odorants applied to the neuroepithelium of the superior nose. 2. Two amines known to be present in the PC lobe, dopamine and serotonin, increase the frequency of the PC lobe oscillation and alter its waveform. 3. Glutamate, another putative neurotransmitter known to be present in the lobe, suppresses the PC lobe oscillation by a quisqualate-type receptor and appears to be used by one of the two classes of neurons in the PC lobe to generate the basic LFP oscillation. 4. The known activation of second messengers in Limax PC lobe by dopamine and serotonin together with their effects on the oscillatory rhythm suggest the hypothesis that these amines augment mechanisms mediating synaptic plasticity in the olfactory network, similar to hypothesized effects of amines in vertebrate olfactory systems. 5. The use of a distributed network of interneurons showing coherent oscillations may relate to the highly developed odor recognition and odor learning ability of Limax.

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